word-vault

{ "term": "study", "partOfSpeech": "noun", "ox3000": true, "cefr": "a1", "definitions": [ { "senseNumber": 1, "definition": "the activity of learning or gaining knowledge, either from books or by examining things in the world", "cefr": "a1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "a room set aside for private study" }, { "text": "academic/literary/scientific study" }, { "text": "It is important to develop good **study skills**." }, { "text": "Physiology is the study of how living things work." }, { "text": "Now that her children are all at school, she's going to take up full-time study again." }, { "text": "Students do a foundation year before specializing in their chosen field of study." }, { "text": "The course integrates academic study and practical training." }, { "text": "This grammar book is suitable both for classroom use and for independent study." }, { "text": "The scientific study of American dialects began in 1889." }, { "text": "The company allows its staff to take paid study leave." }, { "text": "A study group meets every Sunday at the church." }, { "text": "This work is the result of decades of study and research." }, { "text": "Students have great opportunities through study abroad and internship programs." } ], "collocations": { "adjective": ["full-time", "part-time", "graduate"], "… of study": ["course", "programme/program"], "verb + study": ["take up"], "study + noun": ["group", "programme/program", "leave"], "preposition": ["study for"], "phrases": ["an area of study", "a field of study"] } }, { "senseNumber": 2, "definition": "a particular person’s learning activities, for example at a college or university", "labels": "(formal)", "cefr": "a1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "to continue your studies" }, { "text": "Many undertake further studies after college." }, { "text": "She returned to her studies when her children reached school age." }, { "text": "When he has completed his studies, he'll travel around the world." }, { "text": "He needed more leisure to pursue his studies." } ], "topics": ["Education"], "collocations": { "adjective": ["further"], "verb + studies": ["begin", "undertake", "continue"] } }, { "senseNumber": 3, "definition": "used in the names of some academic subjects", "cefr": "a2", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "business/media/American studies" }, { "text": "He lectures in management studies." }, { "text": "She's doing women's studies at Liverpool University." }, { "text": "the university's cultural studies course" } ], "collocations": { "adjective": ["area", "business", "cultural"], "verb + studies": ["do", "lecture in", "teach"], "studies + noun": ["department", "course", "programme/program"] } }, { "senseNumber": 4, "definition": "a piece of research that examines a subject or question in detail", "sensetop": "study on somethingstudy of somethingin a studyaccording to a study", "cefr": "b1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "to **conduct/undertake a study**" }, { "text": "Research studies carried out in Italy confirmed the theory." }, { "text": "He has recently **done a study** on the effects of traffic and aircraft noise.", "contextForm": "study on something" }, { "text": "a detailed study of how animals adapt to their environment", "contextForm": "study of something" }, { "text": "scientific studies of fishing grounds and methods of fishing" }, { "text": "**This study shows/finds/suggests** that…" }, { "text": "the purpose/aim of a study" }, { "text": "the **results/findings of a study**" }, { "text": "the methods used in the **present study**", "contextForm": "in a study" }, { "text": "in **previous/earlier studies**" }, { "text": "According to a **recent study** published in the Journal of Sleep Research…", "contextForm": "according to a study" }, { "text": "A new study shows that fewer students are studying science." }, { "text": "A preliminary study suggested that the product would be popular." }, { "text": "An independent study was commissioned by the department." }, { "text": "He has made a special study of the way that birds communicate with one another." }, { "text": "In a recent study, 40% of schools were found to be understaffed." }, { "text": "The company undertook an extensive feasibility study before adopting the new system." }, { "text": "The present study reveals an unacceptable level of air pollution in the city centre." }, { "text": "The study aims to examine bias in television news coverage." }, { "text": "The study compares the incidence of bone cancer in men and women." }, { "text": "The study group was selected from a broad cross section of the population." }, { "text": "The study highlighted three problem areas." }, { "text": "The study provided valuable insight into the development of the disease." }, { "text": "The ten-year study covered 13 000 people aged 15-25." }, { "text": "This phenomenon has been observed in both laboratory and field studies." }, { "text": "A comparative study was carried out into the environmental costs of different energy sources." }, { "text": "They undertook a study of a sample of 992 first year students in 13 secondary schools." }, { "text": "Most previous studies have focused on the elderly." }, { "text": "Clinical studies show that adding calcium to your diet can help people lose weight." }, { "text": "Animal studies have linked the chemical to certain cancers." }, { "text": "According to the study, respondents preferred the strawberry-flavoured drink." }, { "text": "Studies conducted in Iowa have produced similar results." }, { "text": "In a study of 400 patients, half of those given the medication saw the number of their headaches halved." }, { "text": "Study participants developed no major side effects." } ], "topics": ["Scientific research"], "collocations": { "adjective": ["current", "new", "present"], "verb + study": ["commission", "fund", "support"], "study + verb": [ "take place", "aim at something", "aim to do something" ], "study + noun": ["group", "session"], "preposition": [ "according to a/the study", "in a/the study", "under study" ], "phrases": [ "an area of study", "a field of study", "the author of a/the study" ] } }, { "senseNumber": 5, "definition": "an academic book or article on a particular topic", "cefr": "b1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "a study of Jane Austen's novels" }, { "text": "Shakespeare is the subject of a new study by Anthony Bryan." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 6, "definition": "the act of considering or examining something in detail", "sensetop": "under study", "cefr": "b1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "These proposals deserve careful study." }, { "text": "the biochemical process under study", "contextForm": "under study" } ] }, { "senseNumber": 7, "definition": "a room, especially in somebody’s home, used for reading and writing", "cefr": "b1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "She crossed the hallway and opened the door to her private study." } ], "topics": ["Houses and homes"] }, { "senseNumber": 8, "definition": "a drawing or painting of something, especially one done for practice or before doing a larger picture", "cefr": "c2", "examples": [ { "text": "a study of Chartres Cathedral" }, { "text": "a nude study" } ], "topics": ["Art"] }, { "senseNumber": 9, "definition": "the act of showing or describing somebody/something in literature or another art form, especially a character or an aspect of behaviour", "examples": [ { "text": "The novel is a **character study** of a city and its people." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 10, "definition": "a piece of music designed to give a player practice in technical skills", "cefr": "c2", "examples": [], "topics": ["Music"] }, { "senseNumber": 11, "definition": "a perfect example of something", "sensetop": "study (in something)", "labels": "(formal)", "examples": [ { "text": "His face was a study in concentration." } ] }, { "senseNumber": null, "definition": "thinking deeply so that you do not notice what is happening around you", "labels": "(old-fashioned, British English)", "examples": [] } ], "pronunciations": { "uk": [ { "pronunciation": "/ˈstʌdi/", "audio": "st/study/study__gb_2.mp3" } ], "us": [ { "pronunciation": "/ˈstʌdi/", "audio": "st/study/study__us_2.mp3" } ] }, "wordOrigin": "Middle English: shortening of Old French estudie (noun), estudier (verb), both based on Latin studium ‘zeal, painstaking application’." }