word-vault

{ "term": "struggle", "partOfSpeech": "verb", "ox3000": true, "cefr": "b2", "verbForms": { "presentSimple": { "iYouWeThey": "struggle", "heSheIt": "struggles" }, "pastSimple": "struggled", "pastParticiple": "struggled", "ingForm": "struggling" }, "definitions": [ { "senseNumber": 1, "definition": "to try very hard to do something when it is difficult or when there are a lot of problems", "sensetop": "struggle for somethingstruggle to do something", "cefr": "b2", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "life as a struggling artist *(= one who is very poor)*" }, { "text": "Shona **struggled for breath**.", "contextForm": "struggle for something" }, { "text": "a country struggling for independence" }, { "text": "The firm is **struggling to cope **with the demand for its products.", "contextForm": "struggle to do something" }, { "text": "Local workers were still **struggling to find **employment." }, { "text": "Most social enterprises **struggle to survive**." }, { "text": "We're already **struggling to keep up with** demand." }, { "text": "They struggled just to pay their bills." }, { "text": "She struggled for 10 years to achieve success as an actress." }, { "text": "I was unemployed and **struggling financially**." }, { "text": "The housing market continues to struggle." }, { "text": "For years, she struggled to make ends meet." }, { "text": "He was really struggling in geometry." }, { "text": "I'm really struggling with this essay." }, { "text": "The family struggled through the next few years." }, { "text": "The team struggled badly last season." }, { "text": "They had struggled valiantly to keep the railway operating." }, { "text": "He struggled desperately to get to the shore." }, { "text": "He struggled hard to keep the boat upright." } ], "topics": ["Difficulty and failure"], "collocations": { "adverb": ["desperately", "hard", "manfully"], "verb + struggle": ["have to"], "preposition": ["against", "along", "down"], "phrases": ["struggle to your feet"] } }, { "senseNumber": 2, "definition": "to move somewhere or do something with difficulty", "sensetop": "+ adv./prep.", "cefr": "b2", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "I struggled up the hill with the heavy bags." }, { "text": "Paul struggled out of his wheelchair." }, { "text": "She had to struggle into the tight dress." }, { "text": "She struggled to her feet and set off after him." }, { "text": "The small boat struggled against the waves." } ], "topics": ["Difficulty and failure"], "collocations": { "adverb": ["badly", "really", "clearly"], "preposition": ["through", "with"], "phrases": ["struggle to make ends meet"] } }, { "senseNumber": 3, "definition": "to fight against somebody/something in order to prevent a bad situation or result", "sensetop": "struggle against somebody/somethingstruggle with somebody/something", "cefr": "b2", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "Chloe **continued to struggle**, but her eyes began to close." }, { "text": "He struggled against cancer for two years.", "contextForm": "struggle against somebody/something" }, { "text": "We should all struggle against injustice." }, { "text": "I have been **struggling with injury **for a couple of years.", "contextForm": "struggle with somebody/something" }, { "text": "I am **struggling with** the same **issues **that other people are." }, { "text": "Lisa struggled with her conscience before talking to the police." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 4, "definition": "to fight somebody or try to get away from them", "sensetop": "struggle with somebody+ adj.", "cefr": "b2", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "I struggled and screamed for help." }, { "text": "James was hit in the mouth as he struggled with the raiders.", "contextForm": "struggle with somebody" }, { "text": "How did she manage to **struggle free**?", "contextForm": "+ adj." }, { "text": "She struggled furiously but could not get away." }, { "text": "She struggled against her attacker." } ], "collocations": { "adverb": ["fiercely", "furiously", "violently"], "preposition": ["against", "with"], "phrases": ["struggle free"] } }, { "senseNumber": 5, "definition": "to compete or argue with somebody/something, especially in order to get something", "sensetop": "struggle for somethingstruggle with somebody/something (for something)", "cefr": "b2", "examples": [ { "text": "rival leaders struggling for power", "contextForm": "struggle for something" }, { "text": "countries struggling with each other for economic and military advantage", "contextForm": "struggle with somebody/something (for something)" }, { "text": "The two men struggled for control of the party." }, { "text": "The firms are struggling for market share." } ], "topics": ["Opinion and argument"] } ], "pronunciations": { "uk": [ { "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡl/", "audio": "st/struggle/struggle__gb_1.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡlz/", "audio": "st/struggle/struggles__gb_1.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡld/", "audio": "st/struggle/struggled__gb_1.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡlɪŋ/", "audio": "st/struggle/struggling__gb_1.mp3" } ], "us": [ { "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡl/", "audio": "st/struggle/struggle__us_2.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡlz/", "audio": "st/struggle/struggles__us_1.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡld/", "audio": "st/struggle/struggled__us_1.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/ˈstrʌɡlɪŋ/", "audio": "st/struggle/struggling__us_1.mp3" } ] }, "wordOrigin": "late Middle English: frequentative, perhaps of imitative origin. The noun dates from the late 17th cent." }