word-vault
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A lightweight JavaScript package for English word definitions and collections.
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{
"term": "refuse",
"partOfSpeech": "verb",
"ox3000": true,
"cefr": "a2",
"verbForms": {
"presentSimple": {
"iYouWeThey": "refuse",
"heSheIt": "refuses"
},
"pastSimple": "refused",
"pastParticiple": "refused",
"ingForm": "refusing"
},
"definitions": [
{
"senseNumber": 1,
"definition": "to say or show that you will not do something that somebody has asked you to do",
"sensetop": "refuse to do somethingrefuse something",
"cefr": "a2",
"ox3000": true,
"examples": [
{
"text": "Go on, ask her; she can hardly refuse."
},
{
"text": "He **flatly refused** to discuss the matter.",
"contextForm": "refuse to do something"
},
{
"text": "She **refused to accept** that there was a problem."
},
{
"text": "My brother **refused to allow** anyone to help him."
},
{
"text": "She **refused to comment** further."
},
{
"text": "He has **steadfastly refused** to answer my questions."
},
{
"text": "They **simply refuse** to give up."
},
{
"text": "The demand for an apology was pointedly refused.",
"contextForm": "refuse something"
},
{
"text": "Gerard refused point-blank to cooperate."
},
{
"text": "He didn't dare to refuse."
},
{
"text": "The Court has repeatedly refused to bend on this point."
},
{
"text": "Workers should be entitled to refuse to work under these conditions."
}
],
"collocations": {
"adverb": ["absolutely", "utterly", "adamantly"],
"verb + refuse": ["cannot", "can hardly", "be entitled to"]
}
},
{
"senseNumber": 2,
"definition": "to say that you do not want something that has been offered to you",
"sensetop": "refuse (something)",
"cefr": "a2",
"ox3000": true,
"examples": [
{
"text": "I politely refused their invitation."
},
{
"text": "The job offer was simply too good to refuse."
},
{
"text": "I must refuse your generous offer."
},
{
"text": "She offered them cups of tea and it seemed churlish to refuse."
},
{
"text": "We invited her to the wedding but she refused."
},
{
"text": "They made me an offer I couldn't refuse."
},
{
"text": "Two patients refused treatment."
}
],
"collocations": {
"adverb": ["absolutely", "utterly", "adamantly"],
"verb + refuse": ["cannot", "can hardly", "be entitled to"]
}
},
{
"senseNumber": 3,
"definition": "to say that you will not allow something; to say that you will not give or allow somebody something that they want or need",
"sensetop": "refuse somethingrefuse somebody something",
"cefr": "a2",
"ox3000": true,
"examples": [
{
"text": "He **refused our request** for an interview.",
"contextForm": "refuse something"
},
{
"text": "The bank refused his demand for a full refund."
},
{
"text": "The authorities **refused permission** for the new housing development."
},
{
"text": "The judge **refused her application** for bail."
},
{
"text": "The government has refused all demands for a public inquiry."
},
{
"text": "They refused him a visa.",
"contextForm": "refuse somebody something"
},
{
"text": "The judge **refused them permission** to appeal."
},
{
"text": "She would never refuse her kids anything."
}
],
"synonyms": "deny",
"collocations": {
"adverb": ["absolutely", "utterly", "adamantly"],
"verb + refuse": ["cannot", "can hardly", "be entitled to"]
}
},
{
"senseNumber": 4,
"definition": "to fail to do what you want or expect it to do",
"examples": [
{
"text": "The car refused to start."
},
{
"text": "The problem **simply refuses** to go away."
},
{
"text": "My ear infection is refusing to heal."
},
{
"text": "Once told, these stories refuse to disappear."
},
{
"text": "The stain refused to budge."
},
{
"text": "My legs just refused to work."
}
]
}
],
"pronunciations": {
"uk": [
{
"pronunciation": "/rɪˈfjuːz/",
"audio": "re/refuse/refuse__gb_1.mp3"
},
{
"pronunciation": "/rɪˈfjuːzɪz/",
"audio": "re/refuse/refuses__gb_1.mp3"
},
{
"pronunciation": "/rɪˈfjuːzd/",
"audio": "re/refuse/refused__gb_1.mp3"
},
{
"pronunciation": "/rɪˈfjuːzɪŋ/",
"audio": "re/refuse/refusing__gb_1.mp3"
}
],
"us": [
{
"pronunciation": "/rɪˈfjuːz/",
"audio": "re/refuse/refuse__us_4.mp3"
},
{
"pronunciation": "/rɪˈfjuːzɪz/",
"audio": "re/refuse/refuses__us_1.mp3"
},
{
"pronunciation": "/rɪˈfjuːzd/",
"audio": "re/refuse/refused__us_1.mp3"
},
{
"pronunciation": "/rɪˈfjuːzɪŋ/",
"audio": "re/refuse/refusing__us_1.mp3"
}
]
},
"wordOrigin": "Middle English: from Old French refuser, probably an alteration of Latin recusare ‘to refuse’, influenced by refutare ‘refute’."
}