word-vault

{ "term": "force", "partOfSpeech": "noun", "ox3000": true, "cefr": "b1", "definitions": [ { "senseNumber": 1, "definition": "violent physical action used to obtain or achieve something", "sensetop": "by force", "cefr": "b1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "The release of the hostages could not be achieved without the **use of force**." }, { "text": "If persuasion doesn't work, they **use force**." }, { "text": "The government has relied on **brute force** to respond to public discontent." }, { "text": "The rioters were taken away by force.", "contextForm": "by force" }, { "text": "The empire was held together by **military force**." }, { "text": "plans to seize power **by force of arms** *(= by military force)*" }, { "text": "The regulations allow the use of force if necessary." }, { "text": "The country's attempts to meet force with force led to the outbreak of war." }, { "text": "Police were accused of using excessive force." }, { "text": "The ultimatum contained the threat of military force." }, { "text": "We will achieve much more by persuasion than by brute force." } ], "collocations": { "adjective": ["considerable", "great", "terrible"], "verb + force": ["employ", "resort to", "use"], "preposition": ["by force"], "phrases": [ "catch the full force of something", "feel the full force of something", "take the full force of something" ] } }, { "senseNumber": 2, "definition": "physical strength, especially as shown when something hits something else", "sensetop": "with force", "cefr": "b1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "the force of the explosion/impact" }, { "text": "The shopping centre took the **full force** of the blast." }, { "text": "You have to **apply** some **force** to move the lever." }, { "text": "She hits the ball with amazing force for someone so small.", "contextForm": "with force" }, { "text": "He staggered backwards from the force of the blow." }, { "text": "The force of the explosion hurled bodies into the air." }, { "text": "The waves were breaking against the rocks with great force." }, { "text": "A thick wall shielded us from the force of the wind." } ], "topics": ["Physics and chemistry"], "collocations": { "adjective": ["considerable", "great", "terrible"], "verb + force": ["employ", "resort to", "use"], "preposition": ["by force"], "phrases": [ "catch the full force of something", "feel the full force of something", "take the full force of something" ] } }, { "senseNumber": 3, "definition": "the strong effect or influence of something", "sensetop": "by force of somethingwith force", "cefr": "b2", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "They realized the force of her argument." }, { "text": "a leader who inspired others with the force of his personality" }, { "text": "He controlled himself by sheer force of will.", "contextForm": "by force of something" }, { "text": "Grant drove the point home with considerable force.", "contextForm": "with force" }, { "text": "She spoke with force and deliberation." }, { "text": "I felt the full force of her criticism." }, { "text": "She used her sheer force of personality to keep the family together." }, { "text": "Suddenly it came home to me with tremendous force that this was my last chance." }, { "text": "The emotional force of the songs derives from their universal themes." } ], "collocations": { "adjective": ["considerable", "great", "terrible"], "verb + force": ["employ", "resort to", "use"], "preposition": ["by force"], "phrases": [ "catch the full force of something", "feel the full force of something", "take the full force of something" ] } }, { "senseNumber": 4, "definition": "a person or thing that has a lot of power or influence", "sensetop": "a force for something", "cefr": "b2", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "the **forces of good/evil**" }, { "text": "They believe that **market forces** should determine prices." }, { "text": "Ron is **the driving force** *(= the person who has the most influence)* behind the project." }, { "text": "She's **a force to be reckoned with** *(= a person who has a lot of power and influence and should therefore be treated seriously)*." }, { "text": "a force for good/evil", "contextForm": "a force for something" }, { "text": "The expansion of higher education should be a powerful **force for change**." }, { "text": "He was finally defeated by forces beyond his control." }, { "text": "Social media has become a major force in political campaigns." }, { "text": "The idea of the West remains a powerful force in American culture." }, { "text": "She was seen as a potentially disruptive force within the party." }, { "text": "The play portrays a marriage torn apart by external forces." }, { "text": "Though officially retired, she remains the creative force behind the design business." }, { "text": "Many social and economic forces contributed to this trend." }, { "text": "the combined forces of MI5 and Scotland Yard" } ], "collocations": { "adjective": ["considerable", "formidable", "great"], "verb + force": ["remain", "balance", "fight"], "preposition": ["force behind", "force for"], "phrases": [ "a balance of forces", "a force to be reckoned with", "the forces of nature" ] } }, { "senseNumber": 5, "definition": "the authority of something", "sensetop": "the force of something", "examples": [ { "text": "The court ruled that these standards have force in English law." }, { "text": "The contract was not signed and has no binding force." }, { "text": "These guidelines do not have **the force of law**.", "contextForm": "the force of something" }, { "text": "The culprits must expect to face **the full force of the law**." } ], "collocations": { "adjective": ["binding", "legal", "statutory"], "verb + force": ["come into", "bring something into"], "preposition": ["in force"], "phrases": ["the force of law"] } }, { "senseNumber": 6, "definition": "a group of people who have been organized for a particular purpose", "cefr": "b1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "a member of the **sales force**" }, { "text": "The sales force is/are working extra hard." }, { "text": "She has attracted a force of passionate young individuals who are committed to the organization." } ], "collocations": { "adjective": ["large", "small", "token"], "verb + force": ["assemble", "create", "form"], "force + verb": ["control something", "operate"], "preposition": ["in a/the force"], "phrases": ["a member of a force", "the withdrawal of a force"] } }, { "senseNumber": 7, "definition": "a trained and organized group of police, soldiers or other military personnel", "cefr": "b1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "**Rebel forces** now control most of the capital." }, { "text": "**Government forces** captured the rebel positions." }, { "text": "coalition/allied forces" }, { "text": "The peacekeeping force has/have now been dispatched." }, { "text": "He called on the local population to rise up against the occupying forces." }, { "text": "American **special forces** pride themselves on their elite status." }, { "text": "The government **deployed** military **forces** to attack terrorist strongholds." }, { "text": "The British were ordered to **withdraw their forces** immediately." }, { "text": "Allied ground forces would move in rapidly." }, { "text": "Allied forces were able to advance to the capital." }, { "text": "a token force of only 300 men" }, { "text": "These elite forces are the best equipped and trained in the world." }, { "text": "UN forces operating in the region" }, { "text": "More troops have been called in to support the coalition forces there." }, { "text": "a UN deadline for the withdrawal of forces" }, { "text": "A large expeditionary force was assembled." } ], "topics": ["War and conflict"], "collocations": { "adjective": ["large", "small", "token"], "verb + force": ["assemble", "create", "form"], "force + verb": ["control something", "operate"], "preposition": ["in a/the force"], "phrases": ["a member of a force", "the withdrawal of a force"] } }, { "senseNumber": 8, "definition": "the army, navy and air force", "labels": "(British English)", "examples": [ { "text": "life in the forces" }, { "text": "Daisy intends to join the forces when she leaves school this summer." } ], "collocations": { "adjective": ["large", "small", "token"], "verb + force": ["assemble", "create", "form"], "force + verb": ["control something", "operate"], "preposition": ["in a/the force"], "phrases": ["a member of a force", "the withdrawal of a force"] } }, { "senseNumber": 9, "definition": "the weapons and soldiers that an army, etc. has, considered as things that may be used", "cefr": "b1", "examples": [ { "text": "strategic nuclear forces" }, { "text": "The government is negotiating cuts to nuclear forces." } ], "topics": ["War and conflict"] }, { "senseNumber": 10, "definition": "the police force", "cefr": "c1", "examples": [ { "text": "He joined the force twenty years ago." } ], "topics": ["Law and justice"], "collocations": { "adjective": ["large", "small", "token"], "verb + force": ["assemble", "create", "form"], "force + verb": ["control something", "operate"], "preposition": ["in a/the force"], "phrases": ["a member of a force", "the withdrawal of a force"] } }, { "senseNumber": 11, "definition": "an effect that causes things to move in a particular way", "cefr": "b2", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "The moon **exerts a force** on the earth." }, { "text": "the force of gravity" }, { "text": "the sun's magnetic force" }, { "text": "Because of the increased mass, more force is needed to accelerate the object." }, { "text": "Deep internal forces cause movements of the earth's crust." }, { "text": "The forces of expansion are balanced by forces of contraction." }, { "text": "lateral forces acting on the car's suspension" }, { "text": "the attractive and repulsive forces between individual particles" } ], "collocations": { "adjective": ["powerful", "strong", "weak"], "verb + force": ["apply", "exert", "generate"], "force + verb": ["act on something", "balance something"], "force + noun": ["field"], "preposition": ["force between"], "phrases": ["a balance of forces", "the force of gravity"] } }, { "senseNumber": 12, "definition": "a unit for measuring the strength of the wind on the Beaufort scale", "cefr": "c1", "examples": [ { "text": "a force 9 gale" }, { "text": "a **gale force** wind" }, { "text": "The wind was increasing to gale force." }, { "text": "hurricane-force winds" } ], "topics": ["Weather"] }, { "senseNumber": null, "definition": "to cause a law, rule, etc. to start being used", "examples": [ { "text": "They are hoping to bring the new legislation into force before the end of the year." } ], "topics": ["Permission and obligation"] }, { "senseNumber": null, "definition": "to start being used", "examples": [ { "text": "When do the new regulations come into force?" }, { "text": "The new law comes into force as from midnight tomorrow." } ] }, { "senseNumber": null, "definition": "if you do something from or out of force of habit, you do it without thinking about it and in a particular way because you have always done it that way in the past", "examples": [ { "text": "It's force of habit that gets me out of bed at 6.15 each morning." } ] }, { "senseNumber": null, "definition": "a person with a very strong personality who is full of energy, very determined and difficult for others to resist", "examples": [ { "text": "Gerard is a force of nature, continually pursuing his target when everyone else is ready to give up." } ] }, { "senseNumber": null, "definition": "the power of the wind, rain, etc., especially when it causes damage or harm", "examples": [ { "text": "They were fighting a losing battle against the forces of nature." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 1, "definition": "in large numbers", "examples": [ { "text": "Protesters turned out in force." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 2, "definition": "being used", "examples": [ { "text": "The new regulations are now in force." }, { "text": "Several archaic laws are still in force." }, { "text": "Some laws relating to obsolete customs are still in force." } ] }, { "senseNumber": null, "definition": "to work together in order to achieve a shared aim", "examples": [ { "text": "The two firms joined forces to win the contract." }, { "text": "The two companies have joined forces to form a new consortium." } ] }, { "senseNumber": null, "definition": "a person or group that no longer has any power or influence", "examples": [ { "text": "The opposition party is now a spent political force." } ] } ], "pronunciations": { "uk": [ { "pronunciation": "/fɔːs/", "audio": "fo/force/force__gb_1.mp3" } ], "us": [ { "pronunciation": "/fɔːrs/", "audio": "fo/force/force__us_1.mp3" } ] }, "wordOrigin": "Middle English: from Old French force (noun), forcer (verb), based on Latin fortis ‘strong’." }