word-vault

{ "term": "fall", "partOfSpeech": "verb", "ox3000": true, "cefr": "a1", "verbForms": { "presentSimple": { "iYouWeThey": "fall", "heSheIt": "falls" }, "pastSimple": "fell", "pastParticiple": "fallen", "ingForm": "falling" }, "definitions": [ { "senseNumber": 1, "definition": "to drop down from a higher level to a lower level", "sensetop": "fall + adv./prep.+ noun", "cefr": "a1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "The **rain** was **falling** steadily." }, { "text": "They were injured by falling rocks." }, { "text": "Several of the books had fallen onto the floor.", "contextForm": "fall + adv./prep." }, { "text": "The label must have **fallen off**." }, { "text": "The leaves were falling from the trees." }, { "text": "The seeds **fall to the ground** and germinate." }, { "text": "One of the kids fell into the river." }, { "text": "He fell 20 metres onto the rocks below.", "contextForm": "+ noun" }, { "text": "It was September and the leaves were starting to fall." }, { "text": "A tile fell off the roof." }, { "text": "70 millimetres of rain fell in just a few hours." }, { "text": "Snow had fallen during the night." }, { "text": "the snow falling on the fields" }, { "text": "I've lost my necklace—it must have fallen off." }, { "text": "A cup fell off the shelf and broke." }, { "text": "He was walking by the canal and he fell in." }, { "text": "A leaf fell into my drink." }, { "text": "The plate fell to the floor." }, { "text": "Part of a satellite fell to earth." }, { "text": "Tears fell freely from her eyes." }, { "text": "She lifted her arm, but then let it fall." }, { "text": "Loose bricks were falling down onto the ground." }, { "text": "Her hands fell limply to her sides." }, { "text": "He fell overboard in heavy seas." }, { "text": "He fell from the fourth floor." }, { "text": "He fell on some broken glass." }, { "text": "Careful, or you'll fall!" } ], "collocations": { "adverb": ["heavily", "steadily", "freely"], "verb + fall": ["be about to", "let somebody/something"], "preposition": ["from", "into", "on"] } }, { "senseNumber": 2, "definition": "to suddenly stop standing", "sensetop": "fall + adv./prep.", "cefr": "a1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "She slipped on the ice and fell." }, { "text": "A tree fell, just missing his car." }, { "text": "I **fell over** and cut my knee.", "contextForm": "fall + adv./prep." }, { "text": "The house looked as if it was about to **fall down**." }, { "text": "She fell heavily to the ground." }, { "text": "She fell headlong, with a cry of alarm." }, { "text": "One of the children fell over." }, { "text": "He stumbled and almost fell." }, { "text": "I nearly fell on the ice, but recovered." }, { "text": "She tripped and fell going downstairs." }, { "text": "A shot rings out, and he falls backwards." }, { "text": "He fell through a glass door." }, { "text": "She fell forward and hit her head on the table." }, { "text": "I fell back onto the bed." }, { "text": "When a tree falls, it is cut up for firewood." } ], "collocations": { "adverb": ["almost", "nearly", "headlong"], "verb + fall": ["be about to"], "phrases": ["stumble and fall", "trip and fall"] } }, { "senseNumber": 3, "definition": "to decrease in amount, number or strength", "sensetop": "fall by somethingfall + nounfall against somethingfall to something", "cefr": "a2", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "**Prices** continued to **fall** on the stock market today." }, { "text": "The temperature **fell sharply** in the night." }, { "text": "Falling birth rates could have an impact on future economic growth." }, { "text": "Reputations **rise and fall** for a variety of reasons." }, { "text": "Their profits have fallen by 30 per cent.", "contextForm": "fall by something" }, { "text": "Share prices fell 30p.", "contextForm": "fall + noun" }, { "text": "Petroleum sales fell almost 11 per cent." }, { "text": "The dollar fell slightly against the yen.", "contextForm": "fall against something" }, { "text": "Her voice fell to a whisper.", "contextForm": "fall to something" }, { "text": "Unemployment fell to its lowest level in 25 years." }, { "text": "The price of coal fell sharply." }, { "text": "Profits were falling and so was the stock price." }, { "text": "With falling ad revenues, the magazine was in trouble." }, { "text": "TV ratings have fallen dramatically." }, { "text": "The country's birth rate has fallen to 1.8 children per family." }, { "text": "Winter temperatures never fall below 10°C." }, { "text": "Real hourly wages have fallen significantly over the past 25 years." }, { "text": "The number of people unemployed has fallen from two million to just over one and a half million." }, { "text": "The company's shares fell 19 per cent following the announcement." }, { "text": "Demand is likely to fall by some 15 per cent." }, { "text": "Expenditure on education fell by 10 per cent last year." }, { "text": "During that period, visitor numbers fell by half." } ], "topics": ["Change, cause and effect", "Money"], "collocations": { "adverb": ["dramatically", "rapidly", "sharply"], "verb + fall": ["be expected to", "be likely to", "continue to"], "preposition": ["below", "by", "from"] } }, { "senseNumber": 4, "definition": "to pass into a particular state; to begin to be something", "sensetop": "fall + adj.fall into something", "cefr": "b1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "He had **fallen asleep** on the sofa.", "contextForm": "fall + adj." }, { "text": "She **fell ill** soon after and did not recover." }, { "text": "The room had **fallen silent**." }, { "text": "When the rent **fell due**, she couldn't pay." }, { "text": "The book **fell open** at a page of illustrations." }, { "text": "I had fallen into conversation with a man on the train.", "contextForm": "fall into something" }, { "text": "The house had **fallen into disrepair**." }, { "text": "Partway through the expedition, he fell sick and had to give up." }, { "text": "When the post fell vacant, she applied." }, { "text": "His mouth fell open in astonishment." }, { "text": "They had been married for just a few weeks when she fell pregnant." }, { "text": "At last the house fell quiet and everyone slept." }, { "text": "They met when they were students, and fell in love." }, { "text": "By that time the building had fallen into disrepair." }, { "text": "words and phrases that have fallen into disuse" }, { "text": "He fell into a coma from which he never recovered." }, { "text": "She fell into a daydream." }, { "text": "We fell into the habit of walking to work together every day." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 5, "definition": "to hang down", "sensetop": "+ adv./prep.", "examples": [ { "text": "Her hair fell over her shoulders in a mass of curls." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 6, "definition": "to slope downwards", "sensetop": "fall (away/off)", "examples": [ { "text": "The land falls away sharply towards the river." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 7, "definition": "to be defeated or captured", "sensetop": "fall to somebody", "cefr": "c2", "examples": [ { "text": "The coup failed but the government fell shortly afterwards." }, { "text": "Troy finally fell to the Greeks.", "contextForm": "fall to somebody" } ], "topics": ["War and conflict"] }, { "senseNumber": 8, "definition": "to die in battle; to be shot", "labels": "(literary)", "examples": [ { "text": "a memorial to those who fell in the two world wars" } ] }, { "senseNumber": 9, "definition": "to come quickly and suddenly", "sensetop": "fall on somebody/something", "labels": "(literary)", "examples": [ { "text": "A sudden silence fell." }, { "text": "Darkness falls quickly in the tropics." }, { "text": "An expectant hush fell on the guests.", "contextForm": "fall on somebody/something" } ], "collocations": { "adverb": ["almost", "nearly", "headlong"], "verb + fall": ["be about to"], "phrases": ["stumble and fall", "trip and fall"] } }, { "senseNumber": 10, "definition": "to happen or take place", "sensetop": "+ adv./prep.", "examples": [ { "text": "My birthday falls on a Monday this year." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 11, "definition": "to move in a particular direction or come in a particular position", "sensetop": "+ adv./prep.", "examples": [ { "text": "My eye fell on *(= I suddenly saw)* a curious object." }, { "text": "Which syllable does the stress fall on?" }, { "text": "A shadow fell across her face." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 12, "definition": "to belong to a particular class, group or area of responsibility", "sensetop": "+ adv./prep.", "examples": [ { "text": "Out of over 400 staff there are just seven that fall into this category." }, { "text": "This case falls outside my jurisdiction." }, { "text": "This falls under the heading of scientific research." }, { "text": "This case falls squarely within the committee's jurisdiction." }, { "text": "That topic falls outside the scope of this thesis." } ], "collocations": { "adverb": ["squarely"], "preposition": ["into", "outside", "under"] } } ], "pronunciations": { "uk": [ { "pronunciation": "/fɔːl/", "audio": "fa/fall/fall__gb_2.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/fɔːlz/", "audio": "fa/fall/falls__gb_1.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/fel/", "audio": "fe/fall/fell__gb_3.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/ˈfɔːlən/", "audio": "fa/fall/fallen__gb_3.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/ˈfɔːlɪŋ/", "audio": "fa/fall/falling__gb_1.mp3" } ], "us": [ { "pronunciation": "/fɔːl/", "audio": "fa/fall/fall__us_1.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/fɔːlz/", "audio": "fa/fall/falls__us_1.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/fel/", "audio": "fe/fall/fell__us_2.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/ˈfɔːlən/", "audio": "fa/fall/fallen__us_5.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/ˈfɔːlɪŋ/", "audio": "fa/fall/falling__us_1.mp3" } ] }, "wordOrigin": "Old English fallan, feallan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vallen and German fallen; the noun is partly from the verb, partly from Old Norse fall ‘downfall, sin’." }