word-vault

{ "term": "close", "partOfSpeech": "verb", "ox3000": true, "cefr": "a1", "verbForms": { "presentSimple": { "iYouWeThey": "close", "heSheIt": "closes" }, "pastSimple": "closed", "pastParticiple": "closed", "ingForm": "closing" }, "definitions": [ { "senseNumber": 1, "definition": "to put something into a position so that it covers an opening; to get into this position", "sensetop": "close (something)", "cefr": "a1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "He **closed the door** firmly." }, { "text": "Would anyone mind if I **closed the window**?" }, { "text": "She closed the gate behind her." }, { "text": "It's dark now—let's close the curtains." }, { "text": "I **closed my eyes** against the bright light." }, { "text": "The doors open and close automatically." }, { "text": "She gently closed the door behind her." }, { "text": "She closed her eyes and fell asleep immediately." }, { "text": "He closed his ears to the noise." }, { "text": "The gates can be opened and closed at the touch of a button." } ], "synonyms": "shut", "collocations": { "adverb": ["firmly", "tightly", "gently"] } }, { "senseNumber": 2, "definition": "to move the parts of something together so that it is no longer open", "sensetop": "close something", "cefr": "a1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "to close a book/an umbrella" }, { "text": "He ate greedily, without closing his mouth." } ], "synonyms": "shut", "collocations": { "adverb": ["firmly", "tightly", "gently"] } }, { "senseNumber": 3, "definition": "to make the work of a shop, etc. stop for a period of time; to not be open for people to use", "sensetop": "be closed be closed for somethingbe closed to somebody/somethingclose for something", "cefr": "a1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "The school was closed because of the heavy snow.", "contextForm": "be closed" }, { "text": "The museum has been closed for renovation.", "contextForm": "be closed for something" }, { "text": "The **road was closed** to traffic for two days.", "contextForm": "be closed to somebody/something" }, { "text": "The castle has been closed to visitors because of the royal wedding." }, { "text": "What time does the bank close?" }, { "text": "We close for lunch between twelve and two.", "contextForm": "close for something" }, { "text": "Tomorrow college officially closes for the vacation." }, { "text": "The museum has been temporarily closed to the public." }, { "text": "On Friday, all the offices were closed for the parade." }, { "text": "The shops don't close until 10 p.m." }, { "text": "She urged them not to close their borders to refugees." }, { "text": "The canal is rarely closed for repair work." }, { "text": "They have closed two stations for repairs." } ], "topics": ["Shopping"], "collocations": { "adverb": ["permanently", "temporarily", "officially"], "preposition": ["to"] } }, { "senseNumber": 4, "definition": "if a company, shop, etc. closes, or if you close it, it stops operating as a business", "sensetop": "close something", "cefr": "a1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "The hospital closed at the end of last year." }, { "text": "The play closed after just three nights." }, { "text": "The club was closed by the police.", "contextForm": "close something" }, { "text": "All the steelworks around here were closed down in the 1980s." }, { "text": "It was a pity the business closed." }, { "text": "They are closing their Liverpool factory." }, { "text": "That factory's been closed down now." }, { "text": "The plant will be closed in February with the loss of almost 400 jobs." }, { "text": "The programme may be forced to close due to a dramatic rent increase." }, { "text": "The decision to close a business can be challenging." }, { "text": "The company has announced plans to close three factories and lay off 600 workers." } ], "collocations": { "adverb": ["permanently", "temporarily", "officially"], "preposition": ["to"] } }, { "senseNumber": 5, "definition": "to end or make something end", "sensetop": "close something", "labels": "North American EnglishNorth American English", "cefr": "b1", "ox3000": true, "examples": [ { "text": "The meeting will close at 10.00 p.m." }, { "text": "The offer closes at the end of the week." }, { "text": "I will close with a few words about future events." }, { "text": "to close a meeting/debate", "contextForm": "close something" }, { "text": "to close a case/an investigation" }, { "text": "to close an account *(= to stop keeping money in a bank account)*" }, { "text": "The subject is now closed *(= we will not discuss it again)*." }, { "text": "A police spokesman said that the case was now closed." }, { "text": "Mr Hunt then closed the debate for the government." }, { "text": "The festival closed with a rousing chorus of 'Jerusalem'." }, { "text": "The police have now closed the file on him." }, { "text": "Counting of votes will begin when the polls close." }, { "text": "She felt she had closed that chapter in her life." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 6, "definition": "to arrange and settle a business deal", "sensetop": "close something", "cefr": "c1", "examples": [ { "text": "Right now we are trying to **close the deal** with our sponsors." } ], "topics": ["Business"] }, { "senseNumber": 7, "definition": "to put an end to a mistake in something that causes a security risk or gives somebody an unfair advantage", "sensetop": "close something", "examples": [ { "text": "The company acted quickly to close a security hole in its online systems." }, { "text": "Congressional leaders have agreed to **close a loophole** that gave small businesses a big tax break for buying SUVs." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 8, "definition": "to stop using a computer program or file and put it away", "sensetop": "close something", "labels": "(computing)", "examples": [ { "text": "Once I got a few apps closed, it started working again." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 9, "definition": "to be worth a particular amount at the end of the day’s business", "sensetop": "close (at something)", "examples": [ { "text": "Shares in the company closed at 265p." }, { "text": "closing prices" } ] }, { "senseNumber": 10, "definition": "to make the distance or difference between two people or things smaller; to become smaller or narrower", "sensetop": "close (something)", "examples": [ { "text": "These measures are aimed at **closing the gap** between rich and poor." }, { "text": "The gap between the two top teams is closing all the time." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 11, "definition": "to cover somebody/something and hold them/it, or to make something do this", "sensetop": "close (something) about/around/over somebody/something", "examples": [ { "text": "She closed her hand over his." }, { "text": "Her hand closed over his." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 12, "definition": "to make an electrical circuit continuous", "sensetop": "close something", "examples": [ { "text": "When a finger touches the panel, it closes the circuit." } ] }, { "senseNumber": null, "definition": "to stop doing something because you no longer believe you will be successful or will find a solution", "examples": [ { "text": "The police have closed the book on the case *(= they have stopped trying to solve it)*." } ] }, { "senseNumber": null, "definition": "to make it unlikely that something will happen", "examples": [ { "text": "She was careful not to close the door on the possibility of further talks." } ] }, { "senseNumber": null, "definition": "to stop trading", "examples": [ { "text": "The factory closed its doors for the last time in 2009." }, { "text": "The company closed shop and left the US last year." } ], "topics": ["Business"] }, { "senseNumber": null, "definition": "to refuse to think about something as a possibility", "examples": [] }, { "senseNumber": 1, "definition": "if a group of people close ranks, they work closely together to defend themselves, especially when they are being criticized", "examples": [ { "text": "It's not unusual for the police to close ranks when one of their officers is being investigated." } ] }, { "senseNumber": 2, "definition": "if soldiers close ranks, they move closer together in order to defend themselves", "examples": [] }, { "senseNumber": null, "definition": "to refuse to listen to something", "examples": [ { "text": "She decided to shut her ears to all the rumours." } ] }, { "senseNumber": null, "definition": "to pretend that you have not noticed something so that you do not have to deal with it", "examples": [ { "text": "You can't just close your eyes to his violence." }, { "text": "They seem intent on shutting their eyes to the problems of pollution." } ] }, { "senseNumber": null, "definition": "very easily, without thinking about it", "examples": [ { "text": "I've made this trip so often, I could do it with my eyes shut." } ] } ], "pronunciations": { "uk": [ { "pronunciation": "/kləʊz/", "audio": "cl/close/close__gb_1.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/ˈkləʊzɪz/", "audio": "cl/close/closes__gb_1.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/kləʊzd/", "audio": "cl/close/closed__gb_1.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/ˈkləʊzɪŋ/", "audio": "cl/close/closing__gb_2.mp3" } ], "us": [ { "pronunciation": "/kləʊz/", "audio": "cl/close/close__us_1.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/ˈkləʊzɪz/", "audio": "cl/close/closes__us_1.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/kləʊzd/", "audio": "cl/close/closed__us_1.mp3" }, { "pronunciation": "/ˈkləʊzɪŋ/", "audio": "cl/close/closing__us_2.mp3" } ] }, "wordOrigin": "Middle English: from Old French clos-, stem of clore, from Latin claudere ‘to shut’." }