word-vault
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A lightweight JavaScript package for English word definitions and collections.
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{
"term": "affect",
"partOfSpeech": "verb",
"academic": true,
"ox3000": true,
"cefr": "a2",
"verbForms": {
"presentSimple": {
"iYouWeThey": "affect",
"heSheIt": "affects"
},
"pastSimple": "affected",
"pastParticiple": "affected",
"ingForm": "affecting"
},
"definitions": [
{
"senseNumber": 1,
"definition": "to produce a change in somebody/something",
"sensetop": "affect somebody/something",
"cefr": "a2",
"ox3000": true,
"examples": [
{
"text": "How will these changes affect us?"
},
{
"text": "The article deals with issues **affecting the lives** of children."
},
{
"text": "Thousands of people have been **adversely affected ***(= affected in a negative way)* by the decision."
},
{
"text": "The quality and health of the soil **directly affects** the quality and health of the plants."
},
{
"text": "Your opinion will not affect my decision."
},
{
"text": "The south of the country was worst affected by the drought."
},
{
"text": "Hopefully this will not affect the outcome of the talks."
},
{
"text": "Sales did not seem unduly affected."
},
{
"text": "The class structure affects people's attitudes and behaviour."
},
{
"text": "decisions that affect all our lives"
},
{
"text": "developments that are likely to affect the environment"
},
{
"text": "Education has been severely affected by the war."
},
{
"text": "The type of audience will affect what you say and how you say it."
}
],
"collocations": {
"adverb": ["dramatically", "greatly", "materially"],
"verb + affect": ["be likely to"]
}
},
{
"senseNumber": 2,
"definition": "to attack somebody or a part of the body; to make somebody become ill",
"sensetop": "affect somebody/something",
"cefr": "a2",
"ox3000": true,
"examples": [
{
"text": "The disease is more likely to affect women than men."
},
{
"text": "The condition affects one in five women."
},
{
"text": "Rub the cream into the affected areas."
}
]
},
{
"senseNumber": 3,
"definition": "to make somebody feel very sad, sorry, etc. about somebody/something",
"sensetop": "affect somebody",
"examples": [
{
"text": "They were deeply affected by the news of her death."
},
{
"text": "Her death affected him deeply."
},
{
"text": "Try not to let his problems affect you too much."
}
],
"collocations": {
"adverb": ["deeply", "profoundly"]
}
},
{
"senseNumber": 4,
"definition": "to pretend to be feeling or thinking something",
"sensetop": "affect somethingaffect to do something",
"labels": "(formal)",
"examples": [
{
"text": "She affected a calmness she did not feel.",
"contextForm": "affect something"
},
{
"text": "We are fascinated by the rich and powerful but often affect to despise them.",
"contextForm": "affect to do something"
}
]
},
{
"senseNumber": 5,
"definition": "to use or wear something that is intended to impress other people",
"sensetop": "affect something",
"labels": "(formal, disapproving)",
"examples": [
{
"text": "I wish he wouldn't affect that ridiculous accent."
}
],
"synonyms": "put something on"
}
],
"pronunciations": {
"uk": [
{
"pronunciation": "/əˈfekt/",
"audio": "af/affect/affect__gb_3.mp3"
},
{
"pronunciation": "/əˈfekts/",
"audio": "af/affect/affects__gb_1.mp3"
},
{
"pronunciation": "/əˈfektɪd/",
"audio": "af/affect/affected__gb_1.mp3"
},
{
"pronunciation": "/əˈfektɪŋ/",
"audio": "af/affect/affecting__gb_1.mp3"
}
],
"us": [
{
"pronunciation": "/əˈfekt/",
"audio": "af/affect/affect__us_1.mp3"
},
{
"pronunciation": "/əˈfekts/",
"audio": "af/affect/affects__us_1.mp3"
},
{
"pronunciation": "/əˈfektɪd/",
"audio": "af/affect/affected__us_1.mp3"
},
{
"pronunciation": "/əˈfektɪŋ/",
"audio": "af/affect/affecting__us_1.mp3"
}
]
},
"wordOrigin": "senses 1 to 3 late Middle English (in the sense ‘attack as a disease’): from French affecter or Latin affect- ‘influenced, affected’, from the verb afficere ‘work on, influence’, from ad- ‘at, to’ + facere ‘do’.senses 4 to 5 late Middle English: from French affecter or Latin affectare ‘aim at’, frequentative of afficere ‘work on, influence’, from ad- ‘at, to’ + facere ‘do’. The original sense was ‘like, love’, hence ‘(like to) use, assume, etc.’."
}