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# ZeroMQ.js Next Generation
[](https://www.npmjs.com/package/zeromq)
[ØMQ](http://zeromq.org) bindings for Node.js. The goals of this library are:
- Semantically similar to the [native](https://github.com/zeromq/libzmq) ØMQ
library, while sticking to JavaScript idioms.
- Use modern JavaScript and Node.js features such as `async`/`await` and async
iterators.
- High performance.
- Fully usable with TypeScript (3+).
## Useful links
- [ZeroMQ.js API reference](http://zeromq.github.io/zeromq.js/modules.html).
- [ZeroMQ project documentation](https://zeromq.org/get-started/).
- **Note:** The Node.js examples on zeromq.org do not yet reflect the new API,
but [the Guide](http://zguide.zeromq.org) in particular is still a good
introduction to ZeroMQ for new users.
## Table of contents
- [Installation](#installation)
- [Prebuilt binaries](#prebuilt-binaries)
- [Building from source](#building-from-source)
- [Examples](#examples)
- [Push/Pull](#pushpull)
- [Pub/Sub](#pubsub)
- [Req/Rep](#reqrep)
- [TypeScript](#typescript)
- [More examples](#more-examples)
- [Compatibility layer for version 4/5](#compatibility-layer-for-version-45)
- [Contribution](#contribution)
- [History](#history)
## Installation
Install **ZeroMQ.js** with prebuilt binaries:
```sh
npm install zeromq
```
Requirements for using prebuilt binaries:
- Node.js 10.2+ or Electron 3+ (requires a
[N-API](https://nodejs.org/api/n-api.html) version 3+)
### Prebuilt binaries
The following platforms have a **prebuilt binary** available:
- Linux on x86-64 with libstdc++.so.6.0.21+ (glibc++ 3.4.21+), for example:
- Debian 9+ (Stretch or later)
- Ubuntu 16.04+ (Xenial or later)
- CentOS 8+
- Linux on x86-64 with musl, for example:
- Alpine 3.3+
- MacOS 10.9+ on x86-64
- Windows on x86/x86-64
If a prebuilt binary is not available for your platform, installing will attempt
to start a build from source.
### Building from source
If a prebuilt binary is unavailable or if you want to pass certain options
during build, you can build this package from source.
Make sure you have the following installed before attempting to build from
source:
- Node.js 10+ or Electron 3+
- A working C++17 compiler toolchain with make
- Python 3 with Node 12.13+ (or legacy Python 2.7)
- CMake 2.8+
- curl
To install from source, specify `build_from_source=true` in a `.npmrc` file
```
build_from_source=true
```
When building from source, you can also specify additional build options in a
`.npmrc` file in your project:
### Available Build Options
<details>
<summary>👉🏻 Options</summary>
#### Draft support
By default `libzmq` is built with support for `Draft` patterns (e.g.
`server-client`, `radio-dish`, `scatter-gather`). If you want to build `libzmq`
without support for `Draft`, you can specify the following in `.npmrc`:
```ini
zmq_draft=false
```
#### Not Synchronous Resolve
If you want to send/receive on the socket immediately, you can specify the
following in `.npmrc`:
```ini
zmq_no_sync_resolve="true"
```
#### Shared library support
If you want to link against a shared ZeroMQ library installed on your system,
you can build skip downloading `libzmq` and link with the installed library
instead by specifying the following in `.npmrc`:
```ini
zmq_shared=true
```
#### Alternative libzmq version
You can specify an alternative version or Git revision of `libzmq` to build
against by specifying the following in `.npmrc`:
```ini
zmq_version="4.3.5"
```
#### Debug build of libzmq
If you want to build `libzmq` with debug symbols, you can specify the following
in `.npmrc`:
```ini
zmq_build_type="Debug"
```
#### Cross-compilation for different architectures
If you want to cross-compile for a different architecture, you can specify the
following in `.npmrc`:
```ini
arch="arm64"
target_arch="arm64"
```
#### MacOS Deployment Target
If you want to specify the MacOS deployment target, you can specify the
following in `.npmrc`:
```ini
macos_deployment_target="10.15"
```
</details>
## Examples
**Note:** These examples assume the reader is familiar with ZeroMQ. If you are
new to ZeroMQ, please start with the
[ZeroMQ documentation](https://zeromq.org/get-started/).
More examples can be found in the [examples directory](examples).
### Push/Pull
This example demonstrates how a producer pushes information onto a socket and
how a worker pulls information from the socket.
#### `producer.js`
Creates a producer to push information onto a socket.
```js
const zmq = require("zeromq")
async function run() {
const sock = new zmq.Push()
await sock.bind("tcp://127.0.0.1:3000")
console.log("Producer bound to port 3000")
while (true) {
await sock.send("some work")
await new Promise(resolve => {
setTimeout(resolve, 500)
})
}
}
run()
```
#### `worker.js`
Creates a worker to pull information from the socket.
```js
const zmq = require("zeromq")
async function run() {
const sock = new zmq.Pull()
sock.connect("tcp://127.0.0.1:3000")
console.log("Worker connected to port 3000")
for await (const [msg] of sock) {
console.log("work: %s", msg.toString())
}
}
run()
```
### Pub/Sub
This example demonstrates using `zeromq` in a classic Pub/Sub,
Publisher/Subscriber, application.
#### `publisher.js`
Create the publisher which sends messages.
```js
const zmq = require("zeromq")
async function run() {
const sock = new zmq.Publisher()
await sock.bind("tcp://127.0.0.1:3000")
console.log("Publisher bound to port 3000")
while (true) {
console.log("sending a multipart message envelope")
await sock.send(["kitty cats", "meow!"])
await new Promise(resolve => {
setTimeout(resolve, 500)
})
}
}
run()
```
#### `subscriber.js`
Create a subscriber to connect to a publisher's port to receive messages.
```js
const zmq = require("zeromq")
async function run() {
const sock = new zmq.Subscriber()
sock.connect("tcp://127.0.0.1:3000")
sock.subscribe("kitty cats")
console.log("Subscriber connected to port 3000")
for await (const [topic, msg] of sock) {
console.log(
"received a message related to:",
topic,
"containing message:",
msg,
)
}
}
run()
```
### Req/Rep
This example illustrates a request from a client and a reply from a server.
#### `client.js`
```js
const zmq = require("zeromq")
async function run() {
const sock = new zmq.Request()
sock.connect("tcp://127.0.0.1:3000")
console.log("Producer bound to port 3000")
await sock.send("4")
const [result] = await sock.receive()
console.log(result)
}
run()
```
#### `server.js`
```js
const zmq = require("zeromq")
async function run() {
const sock = new zmq.Reply()
await sock.bind("tcp://127.0.0.1:3000")
for await (const [msg] of sock) {
await sock.send(2 * parseInt(msg, 10))
}
}
run()
```
## TypeScript
This library provides typings for TypeScript version 3.0.x and later.
_Requirements_
- For TypeScript version >= 3:
- [compilerOptions](https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/compiler-options.html)
- For TypeScript version < 3.6:
- either set `compilerOptions.target` to `esnext` or later (e.g. `es2018`)
- or add the following, or similar, libraries to `compilerOptions.lib` (and
include their corresponding polyfills if needed): `es2015`,
`ESNext.AsyncIterable`
_Example Usage_
```typescript
import {Request} from "zeromq"
// or as namespace
import * as zmq from "zeromq"
const reqSock = new Request()
//...
const repSock = new zmq.Reply()
```
### More examples
More advanced examples can be found in the [examples](examples) directory of
this repository.
Or you can
[browse the API reference documentation](http://zeromq.github.io/zeromq.js/globals.html)
to see all socket types, methods & options as well as more detailed information
about how to apply them.
### Compatibility layer for version 4/5
The next generation version of the library features a compatibility layer for
ZeroMQ.js versions 4 and 5. This is recommended for users upgrading from
previous versions.
Example:
```js
const zmq = require("zeromq/v5-compat")
const pub = zmq.socket("pub")
const sub = zmq.socket("sub")
pub.bind("tcp://*:3456", err => {
if (err) throw err
sub.connect("tcp://127.0.0.1:3456")
pub.send("message")
sub.on("message", msg => {
// Handle received message...
})
})
```
## Contribution
If you are interested in making contributions to this project, please read the
following sections.
### Dependencies
In order to develop and test the library, you'll need the tools required to
build from source ([see above](#building-from-source)).
Additionally, having clang-format is strongly recommended.
### Defining new options
Socket and context options can be set at runtime, even if they are not
implemented by this library. By design, this requires no recompilation if the
built version of ZeroMQ has support for them. This allows library users to test
and use options that have been introduced in recent versions of ZeroMQ without
having to modify this library. Of course we'd love to include support for new
options in an idiomatic way.
Options can be set as follows:
```js
const {Dealer} = require("zeromq")
/* This defines an accessor named 'sendHighWaterMark', which corresponds to
the constant ZMQ_SNDHWM, which is defined as '23' in zmq.h. The option takes
integers. The accessor name has been converted to idiomatic JavaScript.
Of course, this particular option already exists in this library. */
class MyDealer extends Dealer {
get sendHighWaterMark(): number {
return this.getInt32Option(23)
}
set sendHighWaterMark(value: number) {
this.setInt32Option(23, value)
}
}
const sock = new MyDealer({sendHighWaterMark: 456})
```
When submitting pull requests for new socket/context options, please consider
the following:
- The option is documented in the TypeScript interface.
- The option is only added to relevant socket types, and if the ZMQ\_ constant
has a prefix indicating which type it applies to, it is stripped from the name
as it is exposed in JavaScript.
- The name as exposed in this library is idiomatic for JavaScript, spelling out
any abbreviations and using proper `camelCase` naming conventions.
- The option is a value that can be set on a socket, and you don't think it
should actually be a method.
### Testing
The test suite can be run with:
```sh
npm install
npm run build
npm run test
```
The test suite will validate and fix the coding style, run all unit tests and
verify the validity of the included TypeScript type definitions.
Some tests are not enabled by default:
- API Compatibility tests from ZeroMQ 5.x have been disabled by default. You can
include the tests with `INCLUDE_COMPAT_TESTS=1 npm run test`
- Some transports are not reliable on some older versions of ZeroMQ, the
relevant tests will be skipped for those versions automatically.
### Publishing
To publish a new version, run:
```sh
npm version <new version>
git push && git push --tags
```
Wait for continuous integration to finish. Prebuilds will be generated for all
supported platforms and attached to a Github release. Documentation is
automatically generated and committed to `gh-pages`. Finally, a new NPM package
version will be automatically released.
## History
Version 6+ is a complete rewrite of previous versions of ZeroMQ.js in order to
be more reliable, correct, and usable in modern JavaScript & TypeScript code as
first outlined in [this issue](https://github.com/zeromq/zeromq.js/issues/189).
Previous versions of ZeroMQ.js were based on `zmq` and a fork that included
prebuilt binaries.
See detailed changes in the [CHANGELOG](CHANGELOG.md).