use-theme-editor
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Zero configuration CSS variables based theme editor
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<html lang="en-US" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#" class="light" style=""><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><link rel="icon" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/favicon-48x48.cbbd161b.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/apple-touch-icon.6803c6f0.png"><meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"><link rel="manifest" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/manifest.56b1cedc.json"><link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/opensearch.xml" title="MDN Web Docs"><title>Using CSS custom properties (variables) - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN</title><link rel="alternate" title="Uso de propiedades personalizadas (variables) en CSS" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/es/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties" hreflang="es"><link rel="alternate" title="Les variables CSS" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/fr/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties" hreflang="fr"><link rel="alternate" title="CSS カスタムプロパティ (変数) の使用" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/ja/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties" hreflang="ja"><link rel="alternate" title="사용자 지정 CSS 속성 사용하기 (변수)" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/ko/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties" hreflang="ko"><link rel="alternate" title="Utilizando propriedades CSS personalizadas (variáveis)" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/pt-BR/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties" hreflang="pt"><link rel="alternate" title="Использование переменных в CSS" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/ru/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties" hreflang="ru"><link rel="alternate" title="使用 CSS 自定义属性（变量）" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties" hreflang="zh"><link rel="alternate" title="Using CSS custom properties (variables)" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties" hreflang="en"><meta name="robots" content="index, follow"><meta name="description" content="Custom properties (sometimes referred to as CSS variables or cascading variables) are entities defined by CSS authors that contain specific values to be reused throughout a document. 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sidebar-button"><span class="button-wrap"><span class="icon icon-sidebar "></span></span></button><nav class="breadcrumbs-container" aria-label="Breadcrumb"><ol typeof="BreadcrumbList" vocab="https://schema.org/" aria-label="breadcrumbs"><li property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem"><a class="breadcrumb" property="item" typeof="WebPage" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web"><span property="name">References</span></a><meta property="position" content="1"></li><li property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem"><a class="breadcrumb" property="item" typeof="WebPage" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS"><span property="name">CSS</span></a><meta property="position" content="2"></li><li property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem"><a class="breadcrumb-current-page" property="item" typeof="WebPage" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties"><span property="name">Using CSS custom properties (variables)</span></a><meta property="position" content="3"></li></ol></nav><div class="article-actions"><button type="button" class="button action has-icon article-actions-toggle"><span class="button-wrap"><span class="icon icon-ellipses "></span><span class="article-actions-dialog-heading">Article Actions</span></span></button><ul class="article-actions-entries"><li class="article-actions-entry"><div class="languages-switcher-menu open-on-focus-within"><button aria-haspopup="menu" id="languages-switcher-button" type="button" class="button action small has-icon languages-switcher-menu"><span class="button-wrap"><span class="icon icon-language "></span>English (US)</span></button></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="main-wrapper"><aside id="sidebar-quicklinks" class="sidebar"><button type="button" class="button action backdrop"><span class="button-wrap"></span></button><nav class="sidebar-inner"><div class="in-nav-toc"><div class="document-toc-container"><section class="document-toc"><header><h2 class="document-toc-heading">In this article</h2></header><ul class="document-toc-list"><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#basic_usage">Basic usage</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#first_steps_with_custom_properties">First steps with custom properties</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#using_the_root_pseudo-class">Using the :root pseudo-class</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#inheritance_of_custom_properties">Inheritance of custom properties</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#custom_property_fallback_values">Custom property fallback values</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#handling_invalid_custom_properties" aria-current="true">Handling invalid custom properties</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#values_in_javascript">Values in JavaScript</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#see_also">See also</a></li></ul></section></div></div><h4 class="sidebar-heading">Related Topics</h4><div>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS"><strong>CSS</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS"><strong>Tutorials</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web/CSS_basics">CSS basics</a></li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>CSS first steps</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/First_steps">CSS first steps overview</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/First_steps/What_is_CSS">What is CSS?</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/First_steps/Getting_started">Getting started with CSS</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/First_steps/How_CSS_is_structured">How CSS is structured</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/First_steps/How_CSS_works">How CSS works</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/First_steps/Styling_a_biography_page">Assessment: Styling a biography page</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>CSS building blocks</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks">CSS building blocks overview</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Cascade_and_inheritance">Cascade and inheritance</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Selectors">CSS selectors</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/The_box_model">The box model</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Backgrounds_and_borders">Backgrounds and borders</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Handling_different_text_directions">Handling different text directions</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Overflowing_content">Overflowing content</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Values_and_units">CSS values and units</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Sizing_items_in_CSS">Sizing items in CSS</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Images_media_form_elements">Images, media, and form elements</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Styling_tables">Styling tables</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Debugging_CSS">Debugging CSS</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Organizing">Organizing your CSS</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Fundamental_CSS_comprehension">Assessment: Fundamental CSS comprehension</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Creating_fancy_letterheaded_paper">Assessment: Creating fancy letterheaded paper</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/A_cool_looking_box">Assessment: A cool-looking box</a></li>
</ol></details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Styling text</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text">Styling text overview</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text/Fundamentals">Fundamental text and font styling</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text/Styling_lists">Styling lists</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text/Styling_links">Styling links</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text/Web_fonts">Web fonts</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text/Typesetting_a_homepage">Assessment: Typesetting a community school homepage</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>CSS layout</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout">CSS layout overview</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Introduction">Introduction to CSS layout</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Normal_Flow">Normal Flow</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Flexbox">Flexbox</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Grids">Grids</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Floats">Floats</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Positioning">Positioning</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Multiple-column_Layout">Multiple-column layout</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Responsive_Design">Responsive design</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Media_queries">Beginner's guide to media queries</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Legacy_Layout_Methods">Legacy layout methods</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Supporting_Older_Browsers">Supporting older browsers</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Fundamental_Layout_Comprehension">Assessment: Fundamental layout comprehension</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference"><strong>Reference</strong></a></li>
<li class="toggle"><details><summary>Modules</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Compositing_and_Blending">Compositing and Blending</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Animations">CSS Animations</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Backgrounds_and_Borders">CSS Backgrounds and Borders</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Basic_User_Interface">CSS Basic User Interface</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Alignment">CSS Box Alignment</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Model">CSS Box Model</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Charsets">CSS Charsets</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Colors">CSS Colors</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Columns">CSS Multi-column Layout</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Conditional_Rules">CSS Conditional Rules</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Containment">CSS Containment</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Counter_Styles">CSS Counter Styles</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Display">CSS Display</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout">CSS Flexible Box Layout</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Fonts">CSS Fonts</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Fragmentation">CSS Fragmentation</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Generated_Content">CSS Generated Content</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout">CSS Grid Layout</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Images">CSS Images</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Lists_and_Counters">CSS Lists</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Logical_Properties">CSS Logical Properties and Values</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Masking">CSS Masking</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Miscellaneous">CSS Miscellaneous</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Motion_Path">CSS Motion Path</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Namespaces">CSS Namespaces</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Overflow">CSS Overflow</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Pages">CSS Paged Media</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Positioning">CSS Positioned Layout</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Ruby">CSS Ruby Layout</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Scroll_Snap">CSS Scroll Snap</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Scroll_Snap_Points">CSS Scroll Snap Points</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Scrollbars">CSS Scrollbars</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Shapes">CSS Shapes</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Table">CSS Table</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Text">CSS Text</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Text_Decoration">CSS Text Decoration</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Transforms">CSS Transforms</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Transitions">CSS Transitions</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Variables">CSS Custom Properties for Cascading Variables</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Writing_Modes">CSS Writing Modes</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSSOM_View">CSSOM View</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Filter_Effects">Filter Effects</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Media_Queries">Media queries</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Paged_Media">Paged media</a></li></ol></details></li>
<li class="toggle"><details><summary>Properties</summary><ol><li class="toggle"><details><summary>-webkit-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/-webkit-line-clamp">-webkit-line-clamp</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/-webkit-text-fill-color">-webkit-text-fill-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/-webkit-text-stroke">-webkit-text-stroke</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/-webkit-text-stroke-color">-webkit-text-stroke-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/-webkit-text-stroke-width">-webkit-text-stroke-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/accent-color">accent-color</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>align-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/align-content">align-content</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/align-items">align-items</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/align-self">align-self</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/align-tracks">align-tracks</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/all">all</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>animation-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation">animation</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-composition">animation-composition</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-delay">animation-delay</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-direction">animation-direction</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-duration">animation-duration</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-fill-mode">animation-fill-mode</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-iteration-count">animation-iteration-count</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-name">animation-name</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-play-state">animation-play-state</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-timeline">animation-timeline</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-timing-function">animation-timing-function</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/appearance">appearance</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/aspect-ratio">aspect-ratio</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/backdrop-filter">backdrop-filter</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/backface-visibility">backface-visibility</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>background-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background">background</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-attachment">background-attachment</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-blend-mode">background-blend-mode</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-clip">background-clip</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-color">background-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-image">background-image</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-origin">background-origin</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-position">background-position</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-position-x">background-position-x</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-position-y">background-position-y</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-repeat">background-repeat</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-size">background-size</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/block-size">block-size</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>border-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border">border</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block">border-block</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-color">border-block-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-end">border-block-end</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-end-color">border-block-end-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-end-style">border-block-end-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-end-width">border-block-end-width</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-start">border-block-start</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-start-color">border-block-start-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-start-style">border-block-start-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-start-width">border-block-start-width</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-style">border-block-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-width">border-block-width</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-bottom">border-bottom</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-bottom-color">border-bottom-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-bottom-left-radius">border-bottom-left-radius</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-bottom-right-radius">border-bottom-right-radius</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-bottom-style">border-bottom-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-bottom-width">border-bottom-width</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-collapse">border-collapse</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-color">border-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-end-end-radius">border-end-end-radius</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-end-start-radius">border-end-start-radius</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-image">border-image</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-image-outset">border-image-outset</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-image-repeat">border-image-repeat</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-image-slice">border-image-slice</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-image-source">border-image-source</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-image-width">border-image-width</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline">border-inline</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-color">border-inline-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-end">border-inline-end</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-end-color">border-inline-end-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-end-style">border-inline-end-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-end-width">border-inline-end-width</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-start">border-inline-start</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-start-color">border-inline-start-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-start-style">border-inline-start-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-start-width">border-inline-start-width</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-style">border-inline-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-width">border-inline-width</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-left">border-left</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-left-color">border-left-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-left-style">border-left-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-left-width">border-left-width</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-radius">border-radius</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-right">border-right</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-right-color">border-right-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-right-style">border-right-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-right-width">border-right-width</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-spacing">border-spacing</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-start-end-radius">border-start-end-radius</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-start-start-radius">border-start-start-radius</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-style">border-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-top">border-top</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-top-color">border-top-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-top-left-radius">border-top-left-radius</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-top-right-radius">border-top-right-radius</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-top-style">border-top-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-top-width">border-top-width</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-width">border-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/bottom">bottom</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>box-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/box-decoration-break">box-decoration-break</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/box-shadow">box-shadow</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/box-sizing">box-sizing</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>break-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/break-after">break-after</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/break-before">break-before</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/break-inside">break-inside</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/caption-side">caption-side</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/caret-color">caret-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/clear">clear</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/clip">clip</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/clip-path">clip-path</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color">color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color-scheme">color-scheme</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>column-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-count">column-count</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-fill">column-fill</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-gap">column-gap</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-rule">column-rule</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-rule-color">column-rule-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-rule-style">column-rule-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-rule-width">column-rule-width</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-span">column-span</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-width">column-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/columns">columns</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>contain-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/contain">contain</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/contain-intrinsic-block-size">contain-intrinsic-block-size</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/contain-intrinsic-height">contain-intrinsic-height</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/contain-intrinsic-inline-size">contain-intrinsic-inline-size</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/contain-intrinsic-size">contain-intrinsic-size</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/contain-intrinsic-width">contain-intrinsic-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>container-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/container">container</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/container-name">container-name</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/container-type">container-type</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/content">content</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/content-visibility">content-visibility</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>counter-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/counter-increment">counter-increment</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/counter-reset">counter-reset</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/counter-set">counter-set</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/cursor">cursor</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/direction">direction</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display">display</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/empty-cells">empty-cells</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/filter">filter</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>flex-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex">flex</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex-basis">flex-basis</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex-direction">flex-direction</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex-flow">flex-flow</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex-grow">flex-grow</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex-shrink">flex-shrink</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex-wrap">flex-wrap</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/float">float</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>font-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font">font</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-family">font-family</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-feature-settings">font-feature-settings</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-kerning">font-kerning</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-language-override">font-language-override</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-optical-sizing">font-optical-sizing</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-palette">font-palette</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-size">font-size</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-size-adjust">font-size-adjust</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-stretch">font-stretch</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-style">font-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-synthesis">font-synthesis</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant">font-variant</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant-alternates">font-variant-alternates</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant-caps">font-variant-caps</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant-east-asian">font-variant-east-asian</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant-emoji">font-variant-emoji</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant-ligatures">font-variant-ligatures</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant-numeric">font-variant-numeric</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant-position">font-variant-position</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variation-settings">font-variation-settings</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-weight">font-weight</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/forced-color-adjust">forced-color-adjust</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/gap">gap</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>grid-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid">grid</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-area">grid-area</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-auto-columns">grid-auto-columns</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-auto-flow">grid-auto-flow</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-auto-rows">grid-auto-rows</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-column">grid-column</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-column-end">grid-column-end</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-column-start">grid-column-start</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-row">grid-row</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-row-end">grid-row-end</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-row-start">grid-row-start</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-template">grid-template</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-template-areas">grid-template-areas</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-template-columns">grid-template-columns</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-template-rows">grid-template-rows</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/hanging-punctuation">hanging-punctuation</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/height">height</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/hyphenate-character">hyphenate-character</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/hyphenate-limit-chars">hyphenate-limit-chars</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/hyphens">hyphens</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>image-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/image-orientation">image-orientation</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/image-rendering">image-rendering</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/image-resolution">image-resolution</a></li></ol></details></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/ime-mode">ime-mode</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/initial-letter">initial-letter</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/initial-letter-align">initial-letter-align</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inline-size">inline-size</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>inset-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inset">inset</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inset-block">inset-block</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inset-block-end">inset-block-end</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inset-block-start">inset-block-start</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inset-inline">inset-inline</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inset-inline-end">inset-inline-end</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inset-inline-start">inset-inline-start</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/isolation">isolation</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>justify-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/justify-content">justify-content</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/justify-items">justify-items</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/justify-self">justify-self</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/justify-tracks">justify-tracks</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/left">left</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/letter-spacing">letter-spacing</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>line-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/line-break">line-break</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/line-height">line-height</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/line-height-step">line-height-step</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>list-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/list-style">list-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/list-style-image">list-style-image</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/list-style-position">list-style-position</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/list-style-type">list-style-type</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>margin-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin">margin</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-block">margin-block</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-block-end">margin-block-end</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-block-start">margin-block-start</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-bottom">margin-bottom</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-inline">margin-inline</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-inline-end">margin-inline-end</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-inline-start">margin-inline-start</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-left">margin-left</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-right">margin-right</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-top">margin-top</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-trim">margin-trim</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>mask-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask">mask</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-border">mask-border</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-border-mode">mask-border-mode</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-border-outset">mask-border-outset</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-border-repeat">mask-border-repeat</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-border-slice">mask-border-slice</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-border-source">mask-border-source</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-border-width">mask-border-width</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-clip">mask-clip</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-composite">mask-composite</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-image">mask-image</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-mode">mask-mode</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-origin">mask-origin</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-position">mask-position</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-repeat">mask-repeat</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-size">mask-size</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-type">mask-type</a></li></ol></details></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/masonry-auto-flow">masonry-auto-flow</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>math-*</summary><ol><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/math-depth">math-depth</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/math-shift">math-shift</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/math-style">math-style</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>max-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/max-block-size">max-block-size</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/max-height">max-height</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/max-inline-size">max-inline-size</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/max-width">max-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>min-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/min-block-size">min-block-size</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/min-height">min-height</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/min-inline-size">min-inline-size</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/min-width">min-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mix-blend-mode">mix-blend-mode</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/object-fit">object-fit</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/object-position">object-position</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>offset-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/offset">offset</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/offset-anchor">offset-anchor</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/offset-distance">offset-distance</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/offset-path">offset-path</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/offset-position">offset-position</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/offset-rotate">offset-rotate</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/opacity">opacity</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/order">order</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/orphans">orphans</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>outline-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/outline">outline</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/outline-color">outline-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/outline-offset">outline-offset</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/outline-style">outline-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/outline-width">outline-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>overflow-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow">overflow</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow-anchor">overflow-anchor</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow-block">overflow-block</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow-clip-margin">overflow-clip-margin</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow-inline">overflow-inline</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow-wrap">overflow-wrap</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow-x">overflow-x</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow-y">overflow-y</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>overscroll-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overscroll-behavior">overscroll-behavior</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overscroll-behavior-block">overscroll-behavior-block</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overscroll-behavior-inline">overscroll-behavior-inline</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overscroll-behavior-x">overscroll-behavior-x</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overscroll-behavior-y">overscroll-behavior-y</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>padding-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding">padding</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-block">padding-block</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-block-end">padding-block-end</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-block-start">padding-block-start</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-bottom">padding-bottom</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-inline">padding-inline</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-inline-end">padding-inline-end</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-inline-start">padding-inline-start</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-left">padding-left</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-right">padding-right</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-top">padding-top</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>page-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/page-break-after">page-break-after</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/page-break-before">page-break-before</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/page-break-inside">page-break-inside</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/paint-order">paint-order</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/perspective">perspective</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/perspective-origin">perspective-origin</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>place-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/place-content">place-content</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/place-items">place-items</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/place-self">place-self</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/pointer-events">pointer-events</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/position">position</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/print-color-adjust">print-color-adjust</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/quotes">quotes</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/resize">resize</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/right">right</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/rotate">rotate</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/row-gap">row-gap</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/ruby-align">ruby-align</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/ruby-position">ruby-position</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scale">scale</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>scroll-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-behavior">scroll-behavior</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin">scroll-margin</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-block">scroll-margin-block</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-block-end">scroll-margin-block-end</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-block-start">scroll-margin-block-start</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-bottom">scroll-margin-bottom</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-inline">scroll-margin-inline</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-inline-end">scroll-margin-inline-end</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-inline-start">scroll-margin-inline-start</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-left">scroll-margin-left</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-right">scroll-margin-right</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-top">scroll-margin-top</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding">scroll-padding</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-block">scroll-padding-block</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-block-end">scroll-padding-block-end</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-block-start">scroll-padding-block-start</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-bottom">scroll-padding-bottom</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-inline">scroll-padding-inline</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-inline-end">scroll-padding-inline-end</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-inline-start">scroll-padding-inline-start</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-left">scroll-padding-left</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-right">scroll-padding-right</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-top">scroll-padding-top</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-snap-align">scroll-snap-align</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-snap-stop">scroll-snap-stop</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-snap-type">scroll-snap-type</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-timeline">scroll-timeline</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-timeline-axis">scroll-timeline-axis</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-timeline-name">scroll-timeline-name</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>scrollbar-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scrollbar-color">scrollbar-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scrollbar-gutter">scrollbar-gutter</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scrollbar-width">scrollbar-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>shape-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/shape-image-threshold">shape-image-threshold</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/shape-margin">shape-margin</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/shape-outside">shape-outside</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/tab-size">tab-size</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/table-layout">table-layout</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>text-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-align">text-align</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-align-last">text-align-last</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-combine-upright">text-combine-upright</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-decoration">text-decoration</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-decoration-color">text-decoration-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-decoration-line">text-decoration-line</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-decoration-skip">text-decoration-skip</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-decoration-skip-ink">text-decoration-skip-ink</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-decoration-style">text-decoration-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-decoration-thickness">text-decoration-thickness</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-emphasis">text-emphasis</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-emphasis-color">text-emphasis-color</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-emphasis-position">text-emphasis-position</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-emphasis-style">text-emphasis-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-indent">text-indent</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-justify">text-justify</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-orientation">text-orientation</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-overflow">text-overflow</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-rendering">text-rendering</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-shadow">text-shadow</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-size-adjust">text-size-adjust</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-transform">text-transform</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-underline-offset">text-underline-offset</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-underline-position">text-underline-position</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/top">top</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/touch-action">touch-action</a></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>transform-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transform">transform</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transform-box">transform-box</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transform-origin">transform-origin</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transform-style">transform-style</a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details><summary>transition-*</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transition">transition</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transition-delay">transition-delay</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transition-duration">transition-duration</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transition-property">transition-property</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transition-timing-function">transition-timing-function</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/translate">translate</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/unicode-bidi">unicode-bidi</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/user-select">user-select</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/vertical-align">vertical-align</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/visibility">visibility</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/white-space">white-space</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/widows">widows</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/width">width</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/will-change">will-change</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/word-break">word-break</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/word-spacing">word-spacing</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/writing-mode">writing-mode</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/z-index">z-index</a></li></ol></details></li>
<li class="toggle"><details><summary>Selectors</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Attribute_selectors">Attribute selectors</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Class_selectors">Class selectors</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/ID_selectors">ID selectors</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Type_selectors">Type selectors</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Universal_selectors">Universal selectors</a></li></ol></details></li>
<li class="toggle"><details><summary>Combinators</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Adjacent_sibling_combinator">Adjacent sibling combinator</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Child_combinator">Child combinator</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Column_combinator">Column combinator</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Descendant_combinator">Descendant combinator</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/General_sibling_combinator">General sibling combinator</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Selector_list">Selector list</a></li></ol></details></li>
<li class="toggle"><details><summary>Pseudo-classes</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:active">:active</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:any-link">:any-link</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:autofill">:autofill</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:blank">:blank</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:checked">:checked</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:current">:current</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:default">:default</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:defined">:defined</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:dir">:dir()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:disabled">:disabled</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:empty">:empty</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:enabled">:enabled</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:first">:first</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:first-child">:first-child</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:first-of-type">:first-of-type</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:focus">:focus</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:focus-visible">:focus-visible</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:focus-within">:focus-within</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:fullscreen">:fullscreen</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:future">:future</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:has">:has()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:host">:host</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:host-context">:host-context()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:host_function">:host()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:hover">:hover</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:in-range">:in-range</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:indeterminate">:indeterminate</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:invalid">:invalid</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:is">:is()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:lang">:lang()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:last-child">:last-child</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:last-of-type">:last-of-type</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:left">:left</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:link">:link</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:local-link">:local-link</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:modal">:modal</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:not">:not()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:nth-child">:nth-child()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:nth-col">:nth-col()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:nth-last-child">:nth-last-child()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:nth-last-col">:nth-last-col()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:nth-last-of-type">:nth-last-of-type()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:nth-of-type">:nth-of-type()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:only-child">:only-child</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:only-of-type">:only-of-type</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:optional">:optional</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:out-of-range">:out-of-range</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:past">:past</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:paused">:paused</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:picture-in-picture">:picture-in-picture</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:placeholder-shown">:placeholder-shown</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:playing">:playing</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:read-only">:read-only</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:read-write">:read-write</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:required">:required</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:right">:right</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:root">:root</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:scope">:scope</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:target">:target</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:target-within">:target-within</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:user-invalid">:user-invalid (:-moz-ui-invalid)</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/web/css/:user-valid">:user-valid (:-moz-ui-valid)</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:valid">:valid</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:visited">:visited</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:where">:where()</a></li></ol></details></li>
<li class="toggle"><details><summary>Pseudo-elements</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::after">::after</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::backdrop">::backdrop</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::before">::before</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::cue">::cue</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::cue-region">::cue-region</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::file-selector-button">::file-selector-button</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::first-letter">::first-letter</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::first-line">::first-line</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::grammar-error">::grammar-error</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::marker">::marker</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::part">::part()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::placeholder">::placeholder</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::selection">::selection</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::slotted">::slotted()</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::spelling-error">::spelling-error</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::target-text">::target-text</a></li></ol></details></li>
<li class="toggle"><details><summary>At-rules</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@charset">@charset</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@color-profile">@color-profile</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@container">@container</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@counter-style">@counter-style</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@font-face">@font-face</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@font-feature-values">@font-feature-values</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@font-palette-values">@font-palette-values</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@import">@import</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@keyframes">@keyframes</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@layer">@layer</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media">@media</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@namespace">@namespace</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@page">@page</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@property">@property</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@supports">@supports</a></li></ol></details></li>
<li class="toggle"><details><summary>Functions</summary><ol><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/abs">abs()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/acos">acos()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/asin">asin()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/atan">atan()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/atan2">atan2()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/attr">attr()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/calc">calc()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/clamp">clamp()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/cos">cos()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/counter">counter()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/counters">counters()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/cross-fade">cross-fade()</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/element">element()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/env">env()</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/exp">exp()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/fit-content_function">fit-content()</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/hypot">hypot()</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/log">log()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/max">max()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/min">min()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/minmax">minmax()</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mod">mod()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/path">path()</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/pow">pow()</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/rem">rem()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/repeat">repeat()</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/round">round()</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/sign">sign()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/sin">sin()</a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/sqrt">sqrt()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/symbols">symbols()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/tan">tan()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/url">url()</a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/var">var()</a></li></ol></details></li>
<li class="toggle"><details><summary>Types</summary><ol><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/alpha-value"><alpha-value></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/angle"><angle></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/angle-percentage"><angle-percentage></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/basic-shape"><basic-shape></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/blend-mode"><blend-mode></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/calc-constant"><calc-constant></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/calc-sum"><calc-sum></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value"><color></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/custom-ident"><custom-ident></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/dashed-ident"><dashed-ident></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/dimension"><dimension></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display-box"><display-box></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display-inside"><display-inside></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display-internal"><display-internal></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display-legacy"><display-legacy></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display-listitem"><display-listitem></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display-outside"><display-outside></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/easing-function"><easing-function></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/filter-function"><filter-function></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex_value"><flex></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/frequency"><frequency></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/frequency-percentage"><frequency-percentage></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/gradient"><gradient></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/hex-color"><hex-color></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/ident"><ident></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/image"><image></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/integer"><integer></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/length"><length></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/length-percentage"><length-percentage></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/named-color"><named-color></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/number"><number></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/percentage"><percentage></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/position_value"><position></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/ratio"><ratio></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/resolution"><resolution></a></li><li><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.">
<span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span>
</abbr><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/shape"><shape></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/string"><string></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/system-color"><system-color></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/time"><time></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/time-percentage"><time-percentage></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transform-function"><transform-function></a></li><li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/translation-value"><translation-value></a></li></ol></details></li>
<li><strong>Guides</strong></li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Animations</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Animations/Using_CSS_animations">Using CSS animations</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Backgrounds and Borders</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Backgrounds_and_Borders/Using_multiple_backgrounds">Using multiple backgrounds</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Backgrounds_and_Borders/Resizing_background_images">Resizing background images</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Box alignment</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Alignment/Box_Alignment_In_Block_Abspos_Tables">Box alignment in block layout</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Alignment/Box_Alignment_in_Flexbox">Box alignment in flexbox</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Alignment/Box_Alignment_In_Grid_Layout">Box alignment in grid layout</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Alignment/Box_Alignment_in_Multi-column_Layout">Box alignment in multi-column layout</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Box model</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Model/Introduction_to_the_CSS_box_model">Introduction to the CSS basic box model</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Model/Mastering_margin_collapsing">Mastering margin collapsing</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Columns</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Columns/Basic_Concepts_of_Multicol">Basic concepts of Multicol</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Columns/Styling_Columns">Styling columns</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Columns/Spanning_Columns">Spanning and balancing</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Columns/Handling_Overflow_in_Multicol">Handling overflow in Multicol</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Columns/Handling_content_breaks_in_multicol">Content breaks in Multicol</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Conditional rules</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Conditional_Rules/Using_Feature_Queries">Using feature queries</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>CSSOM view</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSSOM_View/Coordinate_systems">Coordinate systems</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Flexbox</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Basic_Concepts_of_Flexbox">Basic concepts of Flexbox</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Relationship_of_Flexbox_to_Other_Layout_Methods">Comparison with other layout methods</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Aligning_Items_in_a_Flex_Container">Aligning items in a flex container</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Ordering_Flex_Items">Ordering flex items</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Controlling_Ratios_of_Flex_Items_Along_the_Main_Ax">Controlling flex item ratios</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Mastering_Wrapping_of_Flex_Items">Mastering wrapping of flex items</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Typical_Use_Cases_of_Flexbox">Typical use cases of Flexbox</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Backwards_Compatibility_of_Flexbox">Backwards compatibility of Flexbox</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Flow layout</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flow_Layout/Block_and_Inline_Layout_in_Normal_Flow">Block and Inline layout in normal flow</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flow_Layout/In_Flow_and_Out_of_Flow">In flow and Out of flow</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flow_Layout/Intro_to_formatting_contexts">Formatting contexts explained</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flow_Layout/Flow_Layout_and_Writing_Modes">Flow layout and writing modes</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flow_Layout/Flow_Layout_and_Overflow">Flow layout and overflow</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Fonts</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Fonts/OpenType_fonts_guide">OpenType font features guide</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Fonts/Variable_Fonts_Guide">Variable fonts guide</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Grid</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Basic_Concepts_of_Grid_Layout">Basics concepts of grid layout</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Relationship_of_Grid_Layout">Relationship to other layout methods</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Line-based_Placement_with_CSS_Grid">Line-based placement</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Grid_Template_Areas">Grid template areas</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Layout_using_Named_Grid_Lines">Layout using named grid lines</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Auto-placement_in_CSS_Grid_Layout">Auto-placement in grid layout</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Box_Alignment_in_CSS_Grid_Layout">Box alignment in grid layout</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/CSS_Grid_Logical_Values_and_Writing_Modes">Grids, logical values and writing modes</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/CSS_Grid_Layout_and_Accessibility">Grid layout and accessibility</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/CSS_Grid_and_Progressive_Enhancement">Grid Layout and progressive enhancement</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Realizing_common_layouts_using_CSS_Grid_Layout">Realizing common layouts using grids</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Subgrid">Subgrid</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Masonry_Layout">Masonry layout</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Images</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Images/Using_CSS_gradients">Using CSS gradients</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Lists and counters</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Counter_Styles/Using_CSS_counters">Using CSS counters</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Lists_and_Counters/Consistent_list_indentation">Consistent list indentation</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Logical properties</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Logical_Properties/Basic_concepts">Basic concepts</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Logical_Properties/Floating_and_positioning">Floating and positioning</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Logical_Properties/Margins_borders_padding">Margins, borders and padding</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Logical_Properties/Sizing">Sizing</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Media queries</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Media_Queries/Using_media_queries">Using media queries</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Media_Queries/Using_Media_Queries_for_Accessibility">Using media queries for accessibility</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Media_Queries/Testing_media_queries">Testing media queries programmatically</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Positioning</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Positioning/Understanding_z_index">Understanding CSS z-index</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Scroll snap</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Scroll_Snap/Basic_concepts">Basic concepts of scroll snap</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Scroll_Snap">Browser compatibility and scroll snap</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Shapes</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Shapes/Overview_of_CSS_Shapes">Overview of shapes</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Shapes/From_box_values">Shapes from box values</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Shapes/Basic_Shapes">Basic shapes</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Shapes/Shapes_From_Images">Shapes from images</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Text</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Text/Wrapping_Text">Wrapping and breaking text</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Transforms</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Transforms/Using_CSS_transforms">Using transforms</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li class="toggle">
<details>
<summary>Transitions</summary>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Transitions/Using_CSS_transitions">Using transitions</a></li>
</ol>
</details>
</li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook"><strong>Layout cookbook</strong></a></li>
<li class="toggle">
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Media_objects">Media objects</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts">Columns</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element">Center an element</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Sticky_footers">Sticky footers</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Split_Navigation">Split navigation</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Breadcrumb_Navigation">Breadcrumb navigation</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/List_group_with_badges">List group with badges</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Pagination">Pagination</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Card">Card</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Grid_wrapper">Grid wrapper</a></li>
</ol>
</li>
<li><strong>Tools</strong></li>
<li class="toggle">
<ol>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Colors/Color_picker_tool">Color picker</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Backgrounds_and_Borders/Box-shadow_generator">Box shadow generator</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Backgrounds_and_Borders/Border-image_generator">Border image generator</a></li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</div></nav></aside><aside class="toc"><nav><div class="document-toc-container"><section class="document-toc"><header><h2 class="document-toc-heading">In this article</h2></header><ul class="document-toc-list"><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#basic_usage">Basic usage</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#first_steps_with_custom_properties">First steps with custom properties</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#using_the_root_pseudo-class">Using the :root pseudo-class</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#inheritance_of_custom_properties">Inheritance of custom properties</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#custom_property_fallback_values">Custom property fallback values</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#handling_invalid_custom_properties" aria-current="true">Handling invalid custom properties</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#values_in_javascript">Values in JavaScript</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#see_also">See also</a></li></ul></section></div></nav></aside><main id="content" class="main-content "><article class="main-page-content" lang="en-US"><h1>Using CSS custom properties (variables)</h1><div class="section-content"><p><strong>Custom properties</strong> (sometimes referred to as <strong>CSS variables</strong> or <strong>cascading variables</strong>) are entities defined by CSS authors that contain specific values to be reused throughout a document. They are set using custom property notation (e.g., <strong><code>--main-color: black;</code></strong>) and are accessed using the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/var"><code>var()</code></a> function (e.g., <code>color: var(--main-color);</code>).</p>
<p>Complex websites have very large amounts of CSS, often with a lot of repeated values. For example, the same color might be used in hundreds of different places, requiring global search and replace if that color needs to change. Custom properties allow a value to be stored in one place, then referenced in multiple other places. An additional benefit is semantic identifiers. For example, <code>--main-text-color</code> is easier to understand than <code>#00ff00</code>, especially if this same color is also used in other contexts.</p>
<p>Custom properties are subject to the cascade and inherit their value from their parent.</p></div><section aria-labelledby="basic_usage"><h2 id="basic_usage"><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#basic_usage">Basic usage</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Declaring a custom property is done using a custom property name that begins with a double hyphen (<code>--</code>), and a property value that can be any valid CSS value. Like any other property, this is written inside a ruleset, like so:</p>
<div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code><span class="token selector">element</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">--main-bg-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> brown<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><button type="button" class="icon copy-icon"><span class="visually-hidden">Copy to Clipboard</span></button><span class="copy-icon-message visually-hidden" role="alert" style="top: 52px;"></span></div>
<p>Note that the selector given to the ruleset defines the scope that the custom property can be used in. A common best practice is to define custom properties on the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:root"><code>:root</code></a> pseudo-class, so that it can be applied globally across your HTML document:</p>
<div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code><span class="token selector">:root</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">--main-bg-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> brown<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><button type="button" class="icon copy-icon"><span class="visually-hidden">Copy to Clipboard</span></button><span class="copy-icon-message visually-hidden" role="alert" style="top: 52px;"></span></div>
<p>However, this doesn't always have to be the case: you maybe have a good reason for limiting the scope of your custom properties.</p>
<div class="notecard note" id="sect1">
<p><strong>Note:</strong> Custom property names are case sensitive — <code>--my-color</code> will be treated as a separate custom property to <code>--My-color</code>.</p>
</div>
<p>As mentioned earlier, you use the custom property value by specifying your custom property name inside the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/var"><code>var()</code></a> function, in place of a regular property value:</p>
<div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code><span class="token selector">element</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>--main-bg-color<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><button type="button" class="icon copy-icon"><span class="visually-hidden">Copy to Clipboard</span></button><span class="copy-icon-message visually-hidden" role="alert" style="top: 52px;"></span></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="first_steps_with_custom_properties"><h2 id="first_steps_with_custom_properties"><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#first_steps_with_custom_properties">First steps with custom properties</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Let's start with this CSS that applies the same color to elements of different classes:</p>
<div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code><span class="token selector">.one</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> white<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> brown<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 10px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">width</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 50px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">height</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 50px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> inline-block<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token selector">.two</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> white<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> black<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 10px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">width</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 150px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">height</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 70px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> inline-block<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token selector">.three</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> white<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> brown<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 10px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">width</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 75px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token selector">.four</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> white<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> brown<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 10px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">width</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 100px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token selector">.five</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> brown<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><button type="button" class="icon copy-icon"><span class="visually-hidden">Copy to Clipboard</span></button><span class="copy-icon-message visually-hidden" role="alert" style="top: 52px;"></span></div>
<p>We'll apply it to this HTML:</p>
<div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: html notranslate"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>div</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>one<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>1:<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>div</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>two<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>2: Text <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>span</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>five<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>5 - more text<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>span</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>input</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>three<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>textarea</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>four<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>4: Lorem Ipsum<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>textarea</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre><button type="button" class="icon copy-icon"><span class="visually-hidden">Copy to Clipboard</span></button><span class="copy-icon-message visually-hidden" role="alert" style="top: 52px;"></span></div>
<p>This produces the following result:</p><iframe class="sample-code-frame" title="First steps with custom properties sample" id="frame_first_steps_with_custom_properties" width="600" height="180" src="./use-custom-properties_files/_sample_.first_steps_with_custom_properties.html" loading="lazy"></iframe></div></section><section aria-labelledby="using_the_root_pseudo-class"><h2 id="using_the_root_pseudo-class"><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#using_the_root_pseudo-class">Using the :root pseudo-class</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Notice the repetitive CSS in the example above. The background color is set to <code>brown</code> in several places. For some CSS declarations, it is possible to declare this higher in the cascade and let CSS inheritance solve this problem naturally. For non-trivial projects, this is not always possible. By declaring a custom property on the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:root"><code>:root</code></a> pseudo-class and using it where needed throughout the document, a CSS author can reduce the need for repetition:</p>
<div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code><span class="token selector">:root</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">--main-bg-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> brown<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token selector">.one</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> white<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>--main-bg-color<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 10px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">width</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 50px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">height</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 50px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> inline-block<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token selector">.two</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> white<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> black<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 10px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">width</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 150px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">height</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 70px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">display</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> inline-block<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token selector">.three</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> white<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>--main-bg-color<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 10px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">width</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 75px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token selector">.four</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> white<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>--main-bg-color<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">margin</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 10px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token property">width</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 100px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token selector">.five</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>--main-bg-color<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><button type="button" class="icon copy-icon"><span class="visually-hidden">Copy to Clipboard</span></button><span class="copy-icon-message visually-hidden" role="alert" style="top: 52px;"></span></div>
<div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: html hidden notranslate"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>div</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>one<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>div</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>two<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>Text <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>span</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>five<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>- more text<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>span</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>input</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>three<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>textarea</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>four<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>Lorem Ipsum<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>textarea</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>This leads to the same result as the previous example, yet allows for one canonical declaration of the desired property value; very useful if you want to change the value across the entire page later.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="inheritance_of_custom_properties"><h2 id="inheritance_of_custom_properties"><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#inheritance_of_custom_properties">Inheritance of custom properties</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Custom properties do inherit. This means that if no value is set for a custom property on a given element, the value of its parent is used. Take this HTML:</p>
<div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: html notranslate"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>div</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>one<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>div</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>two<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>div</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>three<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>div</span> <span class="token attr-name">class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>four<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre><button type="button" class="icon copy-icon"><span class="visually-hidden">Copy to Clipboard</span></button><span class="copy-icon-message visually-hidden" role="alert" style="top: 52px;"></span></div>
<p>… with the following CSS:</p>
<div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code><span class="token selector">.two</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">--test</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 10px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token selector">.three</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">--test</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 2em<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><button type="button" class="icon copy-icon"><span class="visually-hidden">Copy to Clipboard</span></button><span class="copy-icon-message visually-hidden" role="alert" style="top: 52px;"></span></div>
<p>In this case, the results of <code>var(--test)</code> are:</p>
<ul>
<li>For the <code>class="two"</code> element: <code>10px</code></li>
<li>For the <code>class="three"</code> element: <code>2em</code></li>
<li>For the <code>class="four"</code> element: <code>10px</code> (inherited from its parent)</li>
<li>For the <code>class="one"</code> element: <em>invalid value</em>, which is the default value of any custom property</li>
</ul>
<p>Keep in mind that these are custom properties, not actual variables like you might find in other programming languages. The value is computed where it is needed, not stored for use in other rules. For instance, you cannot set a property for an element and expect to retrieve it in a sibling's descendant's rule. The property is only set for the matching selector and its descendants, like any normal CSS.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="custom_property_fallback_values"><h2 id="custom_property_fallback_values"><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#custom_property_fallback_values">Custom property fallback values</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Using the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/var"><code>var()</code></a> function, you can define multiple <strong>fallback values</strong> when the given variable is not yet defined; this can be useful when working with <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Web_Components/Using_custom_elements">Custom Elements</a> and <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Web_Components/Using_shadow_DOM">Shadow DOM</a>.</p>
<div class="notecard note" id="sect2">
<p><strong>Note:</strong> Fallback values aren't used to fix the browser compatibility. If the browser doesn't support CSS custom properties, the fallback value won't help. It's just a backup for the browser which supports CSS custom properties to choose a different value if the given variable isn't defined or has an invalid value.</p>
</div>
<p>The first argument to the function is the name of the <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/css-variables/#custom-property" class="external" target="_blank">custom property</a> to be substituted. The second argument to the function, if provided, is a fallback value, which is used as the substitution value when the referenced <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/css-variables/#custom-property" class="external" target="_blank">custom property</a> is invalid. The function only accepts two parameters, assigning everything following the first comma as the second parameter. If that second parameter is invalid, the fallback will fail. For example:</p>
<div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code><span class="token selector">.two</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/* Red if --my-var is not defined */</span>
<span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>--my-var<span class="token punctuation">,</span> red<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token selector">.three</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/* pink if --my-var and --my-background are not defined */</span>
<span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>--my-var<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token function">var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>--my-background<span class="token punctuation">,</span> pink<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token selector">.three</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/* Invalid: "--my-background, pink" */</span>
<span class="token property">background-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>--my-var<span class="token punctuation">,</span> --my-background<span class="token punctuation">,</span> pink<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><button type="button" class="icon copy-icon"><span class="visually-hidden">Copy to Clipboard</span></button><span class="copy-icon-message visually-hidden" role="alert" style="top: 52px;"></span></div>
<p>Including a custom property as a fallback, as seen in the second example above, is the correct way to provide more than one fallback. The technique has been seen to cause performance issues as it takes more time to parse through the variables.</p>
<div class="notecard note" id="sect3">
<p><strong>Note:</strong> The syntax of the fallback, like that of <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/css-variables/#custom-property" class="external" target="_blank">custom properties</a>, allows commas. For example, <code>var(--foo, red, blue)</code> defines a fallback of <code>red, blue</code> — anything between the first comma and the end of the function is considered a fallback value.</p>
</div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="handling_invalid_custom_properties"><h2 id="handling_invalid_custom_properties"><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#handling_invalid_custom_properties">Handling invalid custom properties</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Each CSS property can be assigned a defined set of values. If you try to assign a value to a property that is outside its set of valid values, it's considered <em>invalid</em>.</p>
<p>When the browser encounters an invalid value for a normal property, it discards the value, and elements are assigned the values that they would have had if the declaration simply did not exist.</p>
<p>However, when the values of custom properties are parsed, the browser doesn't yet know where they will be used, so it must consider nearly all values as <em>valid</em>.</p>
<p>Unfortunately, these valid values can be used, via the <code>var()</code> functional notation, in a context where they might not make sense. Properties and custom variables can lead to invalid CSS statements, leading to the new concept of <em>valid at computed time.</em></p>
<p>When the browser encounters an invalid <code>var()</code> substitution, then the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/initial_value">initial</a> or <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inheritance">inherited</a> value of the property is used.</p>
<p>The next two examples illustrate this.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="invalid_normal_properties"><h3 id="invalid_normal_properties"><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#invalid_normal_properties">Invalid normal properties</a></h3><div class="section-content"><p>In this example we attempt to apply a value of <code>16px</code> to the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color"><code>color</code></a> property. Because this is invalid, the CSS is discarded and the result is as if the rule did not exist, so the previous <code>color: blue</code> rule is applied instead, and the paragraph is blue.</p>
<h4 id="html">HTML</h4>
<div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: html notranslate"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>This paragraph is initially black.<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre><button type="button" class="icon copy-icon"><span class="visually-hidden">Copy to Clipboard</span></button><span class="copy-icon-message visually-hidden" role="alert" style="top: 52px;"></span></div>
<h4 id="css">CSS</h4>
<div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code><span class="token selector">p</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> blue<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token selector">p</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 16px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><button type="button" class="icon copy-icon"><span class="visually-hidden">Copy to Clipboard</span></button><span class="copy-icon-message visually-hidden" role="alert" style="top: 52px;"></span></div>
<h4 id="result">Result</h4><iframe class="sample-code-frame" title="Invalid normal properties sample" id="frame_invalid_normal_properties" width="100" height="100" src="./use-custom-properties_files/_sample_.invalid_normal_properties.html" loading="lazy"></iframe></div></section><section aria-labelledby="invalid_custom_properties"><h3 id="invalid_custom_properties"><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#invalid_custom_properties">Invalid custom properties</a></h3><div class="section-content"><p>This example is just like the last one, except we use a custom property.</p>
<p>As expected, the browser substitutes the value of <code>--text-color</code> in place of <code>var(--text-color)</code>, but <code>16px</code> is not a valid property value for <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color"><code>color</code></a>. After substitution, the property doesn't make sense. The browser handles this situation in two steps:</p>
<ol>
<li>Check if the property <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color"><code>color</code></a> is inheritable. It is, but this <code><p></code> doesn't have any parent with the <code>color</code> property set. So we move on to the next step.</li>
<li>Set the value to its <strong>default initial value</strong>, which is black.</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="html_2">HTML</h4>
<div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: html notranslate"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>This paragraph is initially black.<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre><button type="button" class="icon copy-icon"><span class="visually-hidden">Copy to Clipboard</span></button><span class="copy-icon-message visually-hidden" role="alert" style="top: 52px;"></span></div>
<h4 id="css_2">CSS</h4>
<div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code><span class="token selector">:root</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">--text-color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 16px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token selector">p</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> blue<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token selector">p</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">color</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>--text-color<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><button type="button" class="icon copy-icon"><span class="visually-hidden">Copy to Clipboard</span></button><span class="copy-icon-message visually-hidden" role="alert" style="top: 52px;"></span></div>
<h4 id="result_2">Result</h4><iframe class="sample-code-frame" title="Invalid custom properties sample" id="frame_invalid_custom_properties" width="100" height="100" src="./use-custom-properties_files/_sample_.invalid_custom_properties.html" loading="lazy"></iframe></div></section><section aria-labelledby="values_in_javascript"><h2 id="values_in_javascript"><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#values_in_javascript">Values in JavaScript</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>To use the values of custom properties in JavaScript, it is just like standard properties.</p>
<div class="code-example"><pre class="brush: js notranslate"><code><span class="token comment">// get variable from inline style</span>
element<span class="token punctuation">.</span>style<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getPropertyValue</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"--my-var"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// get variable from wherever</span>
<span class="token function">getComputedStyle</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>element<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getPropertyValue</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"--my-var"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// set variable on inline style</span>
element<span class="token punctuation">.</span>style<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setProperty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"--my-var"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> jsVar <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><button type="button" class="icon copy-icon"><span class="visually-hidden">Copy to Clipboard</span></button><span class="copy-icon-message visually-hidden" role="alert" style="top: 52px;"></span></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="see_also"><h2 id="see_also"><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties#see_also">See also</a></h2><div class="section-content"><ul>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/--*">Custom property syntax</a></li>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/var"><code>var()</code></a></li>
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href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Fundamental_CSS_comprehension\">Assessment: Fundamental CSS comprehension</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Creating_fancy_letterheaded_paper\">Assessment: Creating fancy letterheaded paper</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/A_cool_looking_box\">Assessment: A cool-looking box</a></li>\n </ol></details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Styling text</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text\">Styling text overview</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text/Fundamentals\">Fundamental text and font styling</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text/Styling_lists\">Styling lists</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text/Styling_links\">Styling links</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text/Web_fonts\">Web fonts</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Styling_text/Typesetting_a_homepage\">Assessment: Typesetting a community school homepage</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>CSS layout</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout\">CSS layout overview</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Introduction\">Introduction to CSS layout</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Normal_Flow\">Normal Flow</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Flexbox\">Flexbox</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Grids\">Grids</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Floats\">Floats</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Positioning\">Positioning</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Multiple-column_Layout\">Multiple-column layout</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Responsive_Design\">Responsive design</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Media_queries\">Beginner's guide to media queries</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Legacy_Layout_Methods\">Legacy layout methods</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Supporting_Older_Browsers\">Supporting older browsers</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/Fundamental_Layout_Comprehension\">Assessment: Fundamental layout comprehension</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference\"><strong>Reference</strong></a></li>\n <li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>Modules</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Compositing_and_Blending\">Compositing and Blending</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Animations\">CSS Animations</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Backgrounds_and_Borders\">CSS Backgrounds and Borders</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Basic_User_Interface\">CSS Basic User Interface</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Alignment\">CSS Box Alignment</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Model\">CSS Box Model</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Charsets\">CSS Charsets</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Colors\">CSS Colors</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Columns\">CSS Multi-column Layout</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Conditional_Rules\">CSS Conditional Rules</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Containment\">CSS Containment</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Counter_Styles\">CSS Counter Styles</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Display\">CSS Display</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout\">CSS Flexible Box Layout</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Fonts\">CSS Fonts</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Fragmentation\">CSS Fragmentation</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Generated_Content\">CSS Generated Content</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout\">CSS Grid Layout</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Images\">CSS Images</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Lists_and_Counters\">CSS Lists</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Logical_Properties\">CSS Logical Properties and Values</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Masking\">CSS Masking</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Miscellaneous\">CSS Miscellaneous</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Motion_Path\">CSS Motion Path</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Namespaces\">CSS Namespaces</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Overflow\">CSS Overflow</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Pages\">CSS Paged Media</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Positioning\">CSS Positioned Layout</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Ruby\">CSS Ruby Layout</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Scroll_Snap\">CSS Scroll Snap</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Scroll_Snap_Points\">CSS Scroll Snap Points</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Scrollbars\">CSS Scrollbars</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Shapes\">CSS Shapes</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Table\">CSS Table</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Text\">CSS Text</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Text_Decoration\">CSS Text Decoration</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Transforms\">CSS Transforms</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Transitions\">CSS Transitions</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Variables\">CSS Custom Properties for Cascading Variables</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Writing_Modes\">CSS Writing Modes</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSSOM_View\">CSSOM View</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Filter_Effects\">Filter Effects</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Media_Queries\">Media queries</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Paged_Media\">Paged media</a></li></ol></details></li>\n <li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>Properties</summary><ol><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>-webkit-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/-webkit-line-clamp\">-webkit-line-clamp</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/-webkit-text-fill-color\">-webkit-text-fill-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/-webkit-text-stroke\">-webkit-text-stroke</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/-webkit-text-stroke-color\">-webkit-text-stroke-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/-webkit-text-stroke-width\">-webkit-text-stroke-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/accent-color\">accent-color</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>align-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/align-content\">align-content</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/align-items\">align-items</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/align-self\">align-self</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/align-tracks\">align-tracks</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/all\">all</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>animation-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation\">animation</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-composition\">animation-composition</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-delay\">animation-delay</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-direction\">animation-direction</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-duration\">animation-duration</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-fill-mode\">animation-fill-mode</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-iteration-count\">animation-iteration-count</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-name\">animation-name</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-play-state\">animation-play-state</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-timeline\">animation-timeline</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-timing-function\">animation-timing-function</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/appearance\">appearance</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/aspect-ratio\">aspect-ratio</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/backdrop-filter\">backdrop-filter</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/backface-visibility\">backface-visibility</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>background-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background\">background</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-attachment\">background-attachment</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-blend-mode\">background-blend-mode</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-clip\">background-clip</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-color\">background-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-image\">background-image</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-origin\">background-origin</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-position\">background-position</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-position-x\">background-position-x</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-position-y\">background-position-y</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-repeat\">background-repeat</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/background-size\">background-size</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/block-size\">block-size</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>border-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border\">border</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block\">border-block</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-color\">border-block-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-end\">border-block-end</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-end-color\">border-block-end-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-end-style\">border-block-end-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-end-width\">border-block-end-width</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-start\">border-block-start</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-start-color\">border-block-start-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-start-style\">border-block-start-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-start-width\">border-block-start-width</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-style\">border-block-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-block-width\">border-block-width</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-bottom\">border-bottom</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-bottom-color\">border-bottom-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-bottom-left-radius\">border-bottom-left-radius</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-bottom-right-radius\">border-bottom-right-radius</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-bottom-style\">border-bottom-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-bottom-width\">border-bottom-width</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-collapse\">border-collapse</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-color\">border-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-end-end-radius\">border-end-end-radius</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-end-start-radius\">border-end-start-radius</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-image\">border-image</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-image-outset\">border-image-outset</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-image-repeat\">border-image-repeat</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-image-slice\">border-image-slice</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-image-source\">border-image-source</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-image-width\">border-image-width</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline\">border-inline</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-color\">border-inline-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-end\">border-inline-end</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-end-color\">border-inline-end-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-end-style\">border-inline-end-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-end-width\">border-inline-end-width</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-start\">border-inline-start</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-start-color\">border-inline-start-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-start-style\">border-inline-start-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-start-width\">border-inline-start-width</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-style\">border-inline-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-inline-width\">border-inline-width</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-left\">border-left</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-left-color\">border-left-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-left-style\">border-left-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-left-width\">border-left-width</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-radius\">border-radius</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-right\">border-right</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-right-color\">border-right-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-right-style\">border-right-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-right-width\">border-right-width</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-spacing\">border-spacing</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-start-end-radius\">border-start-end-radius</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-start-start-radius\">border-start-start-radius</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-style\">border-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-top\">border-top</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-top-color\">border-top-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-top-left-radius\">border-top-left-radius</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-top-right-radius\">border-top-right-radius</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-top-style\">border-top-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-top-width\">border-top-width</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/border-width\">border-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/bottom\">bottom</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>box-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/box-decoration-break\">box-decoration-break</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/box-shadow\">box-shadow</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/box-sizing\">box-sizing</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>break-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/break-after\">break-after</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/break-before\">break-before</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/break-inside\">break-inside</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/caption-side\">caption-side</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/caret-color\">caret-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/clear\">clear</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/clip\">clip</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/clip-path\">clip-path</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color\">color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color-scheme\">color-scheme</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>column-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-count\">column-count</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-fill\">column-fill</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-gap\">column-gap</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-rule\">column-rule</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-rule-color\">column-rule-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-rule-style\">column-rule-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-rule-width\">column-rule-width</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-span\">column-span</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/column-width\">column-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/columns\">columns</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>contain-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/contain\">contain</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/contain-intrinsic-block-size\">contain-intrinsic-block-size</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/contain-intrinsic-height\">contain-intrinsic-height</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/contain-intrinsic-inline-size\">contain-intrinsic-inline-size</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/contain-intrinsic-size\">contain-intrinsic-size</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/contain-intrinsic-width\">contain-intrinsic-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>container-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/container\">container</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/container-name\">container-name</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/container-type\">container-type</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/content\">content</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/content-visibility\">content-visibility</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>counter-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/counter-increment\">counter-increment</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/counter-reset\">counter-reset</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/counter-set\">counter-set</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/cursor\">cursor</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/direction\">direction</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display\">display</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/empty-cells\">empty-cells</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/filter\">filter</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>flex-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex\">flex</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex-basis\">flex-basis</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex-direction\">flex-direction</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex-flow\">flex-flow</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex-grow\">flex-grow</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex-shrink\">flex-shrink</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex-wrap\">flex-wrap</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/float\">float</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>font-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font\">font</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-family\">font-family</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-feature-settings\">font-feature-settings</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-kerning\">font-kerning</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-language-override\">font-language-override</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-optical-sizing\">font-optical-sizing</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-palette\">font-palette</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-size\">font-size</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-size-adjust\">font-size-adjust</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-stretch\">font-stretch</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-style\">font-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-synthesis\">font-synthesis</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant\">font-variant</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant-alternates\">font-variant-alternates</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant-caps\">font-variant-caps</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant-east-asian\">font-variant-east-asian</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant-emoji\">font-variant-emoji</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant-ligatures\">font-variant-ligatures</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant-numeric\">font-variant-numeric</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variant-position\">font-variant-position</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-variation-settings\">font-variation-settings</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/font-weight\">font-weight</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/forced-color-adjust\">forced-color-adjust</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/gap\">gap</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>grid-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid\">grid</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-area\">grid-area</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-auto-columns\">grid-auto-columns</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-auto-flow\">grid-auto-flow</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-auto-rows\">grid-auto-rows</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-column\">grid-column</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-column-end\">grid-column-end</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-column-start\">grid-column-start</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-row\">grid-row</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-row-end\">grid-row-end</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-row-start\">grid-row-start</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-template\">grid-template</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-template-areas\">grid-template-areas</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-template-columns\">grid-template-columns</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-template-rows\">grid-template-rows</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/hanging-punctuation\">hanging-punctuation</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/height\">height</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/hyphenate-character\">hyphenate-character</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/hyphenate-limit-chars\">hyphenate-limit-chars</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/hyphens\">hyphens</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>image-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/image-orientation\">image-orientation</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/image-rendering\">image-rendering</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/image-resolution\">image-resolution</a></li></ol></details></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/ime-mode\">ime-mode</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/initial-letter\">initial-letter</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/initial-letter-align\">initial-letter-align</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inline-size\">inline-size</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>inset-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inset\">inset</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inset-block\">inset-block</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inset-block-end\">inset-block-end</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inset-block-start\">inset-block-start</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inset-inline\">inset-inline</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inset-inline-end\">inset-inline-end</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inset-inline-start\">inset-inline-start</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/isolation\">isolation</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>justify-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/justify-content\">justify-content</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/justify-items\">justify-items</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/justify-self\">justify-self</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/justify-tracks\">justify-tracks</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/left\">left</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/letter-spacing\">letter-spacing</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>line-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/line-break\">line-break</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/line-height\">line-height</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/line-height-step\">line-height-step</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>list-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/list-style\">list-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/list-style-image\">list-style-image</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/list-style-position\">list-style-position</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/list-style-type\">list-style-type</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>margin-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin\">margin</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-block\">margin-block</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-block-end\">margin-block-end</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-block-start\">margin-block-start</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-bottom\">margin-bottom</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-inline\">margin-inline</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-inline-end\">margin-inline-end</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-inline-start\">margin-inline-start</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-left\">margin-left</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-right\">margin-right</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-top\">margin-top</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/margin-trim\">margin-trim</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>mask-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask\">mask</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-border\">mask-border</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-border-mode\">mask-border-mode</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-border-outset\">mask-border-outset</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-border-repeat\">mask-border-repeat</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-border-slice\">mask-border-slice</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-border-source\">mask-border-source</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-border-width\">mask-border-width</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-clip\">mask-clip</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-composite\">mask-composite</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-image\">mask-image</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-mode\">mask-mode</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-origin\">mask-origin</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-position\">mask-position</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-repeat\">mask-repeat</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-size\">mask-size</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask-type\">mask-type</a></li></ol></details></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/masonry-auto-flow\">masonry-auto-flow</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>math-*</summary><ol><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/math-depth\">math-depth</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/math-shift\">math-shift</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/math-style\">math-style</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>max-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/max-block-size\">max-block-size</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/max-height\">max-height</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/max-inline-size\">max-inline-size</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/max-width\">max-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>min-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/min-block-size\">min-block-size</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/min-height\">min-height</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/min-inline-size\">min-inline-size</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/min-width\">min-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mix-blend-mode\">mix-blend-mode</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/object-fit\">object-fit</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/object-position\">object-position</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>offset-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/offset\">offset</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/offset-anchor\">offset-anchor</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/offset-distance\">offset-distance</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/offset-path\">offset-path</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/offset-position\">offset-position</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/offset-rotate\">offset-rotate</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/opacity\">opacity</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/order\">order</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/orphans\">orphans</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>outline-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/outline\">outline</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/outline-color\">outline-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/outline-offset\">outline-offset</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/outline-style\">outline-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/outline-width\">outline-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>overflow-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow\">overflow</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow-anchor\">overflow-anchor</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow-block\">overflow-block</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow-clip-margin\">overflow-clip-margin</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow-inline\">overflow-inline</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow-wrap\">overflow-wrap</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow-x\">overflow-x</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overflow-y\">overflow-y</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>overscroll-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overscroll-behavior\">overscroll-behavior</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overscroll-behavior-block\">overscroll-behavior-block</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overscroll-behavior-inline\">overscroll-behavior-inline</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overscroll-behavior-x\">overscroll-behavior-x</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/overscroll-behavior-y\">overscroll-behavior-y</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>padding-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding\">padding</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-block\">padding-block</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-block-end\">padding-block-end</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-block-start\">padding-block-start</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-bottom\">padding-bottom</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-inline\">padding-inline</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-inline-end\">padding-inline-end</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-inline-start\">padding-inline-start</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-left\">padding-left</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-right\">padding-right</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/padding-top\">padding-top</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>page-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/page-break-after\">page-break-after</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/page-break-before\">page-break-before</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/page-break-inside\">page-break-inside</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/paint-order\">paint-order</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/perspective\">perspective</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/perspective-origin\">perspective-origin</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>place-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/place-content\">place-content</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/place-items\">place-items</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/place-self\">place-self</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/pointer-events\">pointer-events</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/position\">position</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/print-color-adjust\">print-color-adjust</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/quotes\">quotes</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/resize\">resize</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/right\">right</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/rotate\">rotate</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/row-gap\">row-gap</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/ruby-align\">ruby-align</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/ruby-position\">ruby-position</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scale\">scale</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>scroll-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-behavior\">scroll-behavior</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin\">scroll-margin</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-block\">scroll-margin-block</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-block-end\">scroll-margin-block-end</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-block-start\">scroll-margin-block-start</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-bottom\">scroll-margin-bottom</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-inline\">scroll-margin-inline</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-inline-end\">scroll-margin-inline-end</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-inline-start\">scroll-margin-inline-start</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-left\">scroll-margin-left</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-right\">scroll-margin-right</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-margin-top\">scroll-margin-top</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding\">scroll-padding</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-block\">scroll-padding-block</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-block-end\">scroll-padding-block-end</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-block-start\">scroll-padding-block-start</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-bottom\">scroll-padding-bottom</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-inline\">scroll-padding-inline</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-inline-end\">scroll-padding-inline-end</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-inline-start\">scroll-padding-inline-start</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-left\">scroll-padding-left</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-right\">scroll-padding-right</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-padding-top\">scroll-padding-top</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-snap-align\">scroll-snap-align</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-snap-stop\">scroll-snap-stop</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-snap-type\">scroll-snap-type</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-timeline\">scroll-timeline</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-timeline-axis\">scroll-timeline-axis</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scroll-timeline-name\">scroll-timeline-name</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>scrollbar-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scrollbar-color\">scrollbar-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scrollbar-gutter\">scrollbar-gutter</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/scrollbar-width\">scrollbar-width</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>shape-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/shape-image-threshold\">shape-image-threshold</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/shape-margin\">shape-margin</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/shape-outside\">shape-outside</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/tab-size\">tab-size</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/table-layout\">table-layout</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>text-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-align\">text-align</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-align-last\">text-align-last</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-combine-upright\">text-combine-upright</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-decoration\">text-decoration</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-decoration-color\">text-decoration-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-decoration-line\">text-decoration-line</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-decoration-skip\">text-decoration-skip</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-decoration-skip-ink\">text-decoration-skip-ink</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-decoration-style\">text-decoration-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-decoration-thickness\">text-decoration-thickness</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-emphasis\">text-emphasis</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-emphasis-color\">text-emphasis-color</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-emphasis-position\">text-emphasis-position</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-emphasis-style\">text-emphasis-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-indent\">text-indent</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-justify\">text-justify</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-orientation\">text-orientation</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-overflow\">text-overflow</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-rendering\">text-rendering</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-shadow\">text-shadow</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-size-adjust\">text-size-adjust</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-transform\">text-transform</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-underline-offset\">text-underline-offset</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/text-underline-position\">text-underline-position</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/top\">top</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/touch-action\">touch-action</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>transform-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transform\">transform</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transform-box\">transform-box</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transform-origin\">transform-origin</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transform-style\">transform-style</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>transition-*</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transition\">transition</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transition-delay\">transition-delay</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transition-duration\">transition-duration</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transition-property\">transition-property</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transition-timing-function\">transition-timing-function</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/translate\">translate</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/unicode-bidi\">unicode-bidi</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/user-select\">user-select</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/vertical-align\">vertical-align</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/visibility\">visibility</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/white-space\">white-space</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/widows\">widows</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/width\">width</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/will-change\">will-change</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/word-break\">word-break</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/word-spacing\">word-spacing</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/writing-mode\">writing-mode</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/z-index\">z-index</a></li></ol></details></li>\n <li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>Selectors</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Attribute_selectors\">Attribute selectors</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Class_selectors\">Class selectors</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/ID_selectors\">ID selectors</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Type_selectors\">Type selectors</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Universal_selectors\">Universal selectors</a></li></ol></details></li>\n <li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>Combinators</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Adjacent_sibling_combinator\">Adjacent sibling combinator</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Child_combinator\">Child combinator</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Column_combinator\">Column combinator</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Descendant_combinator\">Descendant combinator</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/General_sibling_combinator\">General sibling combinator</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Selector_list\">Selector list</a></li></ol></details></li>\n <li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>Pseudo-classes</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:active\">:active</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:any-link\">:any-link</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:autofill\">:autofill</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:blank\">:blank</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:checked\">:checked</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:current\">:current</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:default\">:default</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:defined\">:defined</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:dir\">:dir()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:disabled\">:disabled</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:empty\">:empty</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:enabled\">:enabled</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:first\">:first</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:first-child\">:first-child</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:first-of-type\">:first-of-type</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:focus\">:focus</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:focus-visible\">:focus-visible</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:focus-within\">:focus-within</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:fullscreen\">:fullscreen</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:future\">:future</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:has\">:has()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:host\">:host</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:host-context\">:host-context()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:host_function\">:host()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:hover\">:hover</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:in-range\">:in-range</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:indeterminate\">:indeterminate</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:invalid\">:invalid</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:is\">:is()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:lang\">:lang()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:last-child\">:last-child</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:last-of-type\">:last-of-type</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:left\">:left</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:link\">:link</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:local-link\">:local-link</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:modal\">:modal</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:not\">:not()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:nth-child\">:nth-child()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:nth-col\">:nth-col()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:nth-last-child\">:nth-last-child()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:nth-last-col\">:nth-last-col()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:nth-last-of-type\">:nth-last-of-type()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:nth-of-type\">:nth-of-type()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:only-child\">:only-child</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:only-of-type\">:only-of-type</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:optional\">:optional</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:out-of-range\">:out-of-range</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:past\">:past</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:paused\">:paused</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:picture-in-picture\">:picture-in-picture</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:placeholder-shown\">:placeholder-shown</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:playing\">:playing</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:read-only\">:read-only</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:read-write\">:read-write</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:required\">:required</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:right\">:right</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:root\">:root</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:scope\">:scope</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:target\">:target</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:target-within\">:target-within</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:user-invalid\">:user-invalid (:-moz-ui-invalid)</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/web/css/:user-valid\">:user-valid (:-moz-ui-valid)</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:valid\">:valid</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:visited\">:visited</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:where\">:where()</a></li></ol></details></li>\n <li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>Pseudo-elements</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::after\">::after</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::backdrop\">::backdrop</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::before\">::before</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::cue\">::cue</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::cue-region\">::cue-region</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::file-selector-button\">::file-selector-button</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::first-letter\">::first-letter</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::first-line\">::first-line</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::grammar-error\">::grammar-error</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::marker\">::marker</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::part\">::part()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::placeholder\">::placeholder</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::selection\">::selection</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::slotted\">::slotted()</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::spelling-error\">::spelling-error</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/::target-text\">::target-text</a></li></ol></details></li>\n <li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>At-rules</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@charset\">@charset</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@color-profile\">@color-profile</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@container\">@container</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@counter-style\">@counter-style</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@font-face\">@font-face</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@font-feature-values\">@font-feature-values</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@font-palette-values\">@font-palette-values</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@import\">@import</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@keyframes\">@keyframes</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@layer\">@layer</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media\">@media</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@namespace\">@namespace</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@page\">@page</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@property\">@property</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@supports\">@supports</a></li></ol></details></li>\n <li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>Functions</summary><ol><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/abs\">abs()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/acos\">acos()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/asin\">asin()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/atan\">atan()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/atan2\">atan2()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/attr\">attr()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/calc\">calc()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/clamp\">clamp()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/cos\">cos()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/counter\">counter()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/counters\">counters()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/cross-fade\">cross-fade()</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/element\">element()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/env\">env()</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/exp\">exp()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/fit-content_function\">fit-content()</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/hypot\">hypot()</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/log\">log()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/max\">max()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/min\">min()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/minmax\">minmax()</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mod\">mod()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/path\">path()</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/pow\">pow()</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/rem\">rem()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/repeat\">repeat()</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/round\">round()</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/sign\">sign()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/sin\">sin()</a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/sqrt\">sqrt()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/symbols\">symbols()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/tan\">tan()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/url\">url()</a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/var\">var()</a></li></ol></details></li>\n <li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary>Types</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/alpha-value\"><alpha-value></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/angle\"><angle></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/angle-percentage\"><angle-percentage></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/basic-shape\"><basic-shape></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/blend-mode\"><blend-mode></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/calc-constant\"><calc-constant></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/calc-sum\"><calc-sum></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value\"><color></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/custom-ident\"><custom-ident></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/dashed-ident\"><dashed-ident></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/dimension\"><dimension></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display-box\"><display-box></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display-inside\"><display-inside></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display-internal\"><display-internal></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display-legacy\"><display-legacy></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display-listitem\"><display-listitem></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display-outside\"><display-outside></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/easing-function\"><easing-function></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/filter-function\"><filter-function></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/flex_value\"><flex></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/frequency\"><frequency></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/frequency-percentage\"><frequency-percentage></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/gradient\"><gradient></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/hex-color\"><hex-color></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/ident\"><ident></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/image\"><image></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/integer\"><integer></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/length\"><length></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/length-percentage\"><length-percentage></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/named-color\"><named-color></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/number\"><number></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/percentage\"><percentage></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/position_value\"><position></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/ratio\"><ratio></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/resolution\"><resolution></a></li><li><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/shape\"><shape></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/string\"><string></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/system-color\"><system-color></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/time\"><time></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/time-percentage\"><time-percentage></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transform-function\"><transform-function></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/translation-value\"><translation-value></a></li></ol></details></li>\n\n <li><strong>Guides</strong></li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Animations</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Animations/Using_CSS_animations\">Using CSS animations</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Backgrounds and Borders</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Backgrounds_and_Borders/Using_multiple_backgrounds\">Using multiple backgrounds</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Backgrounds_and_Borders/Resizing_background_images\">Resizing background images</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Box alignment</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Alignment/Box_Alignment_In_Block_Abspos_Tables\">Box alignment in block layout</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Alignment/Box_Alignment_in_Flexbox\">Box alignment in flexbox</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Alignment/Box_Alignment_In_Grid_Layout\">Box alignment in grid layout</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Alignment/Box_Alignment_in_Multi-column_Layout\">Box alignment in multi-column layout</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Box model</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Model/Introduction_to_the_CSS_box_model\">Introduction to the CSS basic box model</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Box_Model/Mastering_margin_collapsing\">Mastering margin collapsing</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Columns</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Columns/Basic_Concepts_of_Multicol\">Basic concepts of Multicol</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Columns/Styling_Columns\">Styling columns</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Columns/Spanning_Columns\">Spanning and balancing</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Columns/Handling_Overflow_in_Multicol\">Handling overflow in Multicol</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Columns/Handling_content_breaks_in_multicol\">Content breaks in Multicol</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Conditional rules</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Conditional_Rules/Using_Feature_Queries\">Using feature queries</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>CSSOM view</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSSOM_View/Coordinate_systems\">Coordinate systems</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Flexbox</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Basic_Concepts_of_Flexbox\">Basic concepts of Flexbox</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Relationship_of_Flexbox_to_Other_Layout_Methods\">Comparison with other layout methods</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Aligning_Items_in_a_Flex_Container\">Aligning items in a flex container</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Ordering_Flex_Items\">Ordering flex items</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Controlling_Ratios_of_Flex_Items_Along_the_Main_Ax\">Controlling flex item ratios</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Mastering_Wrapping_of_Flex_Items\">Mastering wrapping of flex items</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Typical_Use_Cases_of_Flexbox\">Typical use cases of Flexbox</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flexible_Box_Layout/Backwards_Compatibility_of_Flexbox\">Backwards compatibility of Flexbox</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Flow layout</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flow_Layout/Block_and_Inline_Layout_in_Normal_Flow\">Block and Inline layout in normal flow</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flow_Layout/In_Flow_and_Out_of_Flow\">In flow and Out of flow</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flow_Layout/Intro_to_formatting_contexts\">Formatting contexts explained</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flow_Layout/Flow_Layout_and_Writing_Modes\">Flow layout and writing modes</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Flow_Layout/Flow_Layout_and_Overflow\">Flow layout and overflow</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Fonts</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Fonts/OpenType_fonts_guide\">OpenType font features guide</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Fonts/Variable_Fonts_Guide\">Variable fonts guide</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Grid</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Basic_Concepts_of_Grid_Layout\">Basics concepts of grid layout</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Relationship_of_Grid_Layout\">Relationship to other layout methods</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Line-based_Placement_with_CSS_Grid\">Line-based placement</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Grid_Template_Areas\">Grid template areas</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Layout_using_Named_Grid_Lines\">Layout using named grid lines</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Auto-placement_in_CSS_Grid_Layout\">Auto-placement in grid layout</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Box_Alignment_in_CSS_Grid_Layout\">Box alignment in grid layout</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/CSS_Grid_Logical_Values_and_Writing_Modes\">Grids, logical values and writing modes</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/CSS_Grid_Layout_and_Accessibility\">Grid layout and accessibility</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/CSS_Grid_and_Progressive_Enhancement\">Grid Layout and progressive enhancement</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Realizing_common_layouts_using_CSS_Grid_Layout\">Realizing common layouts using grids</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Subgrid\">Subgrid</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Masonry_Layout\">Masonry layout</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Images</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Images/Using_CSS_gradients\">Using CSS gradients</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Lists and counters</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Counter_Styles/Using_CSS_counters\">Using CSS counters</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Lists_and_Counters/Consistent_list_indentation\">Consistent list indentation</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Logical properties</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Logical_Properties/Basic_concepts\">Basic concepts</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Logical_Properties/Floating_and_positioning\">Floating and positioning</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Logical_Properties/Margins_borders_padding\">Margins, borders and padding</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Logical_Properties/Sizing\">Sizing</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Media queries</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Media_Queries/Using_media_queries\">Using media queries</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Media_Queries/Using_Media_Queries_for_Accessibility\">Using media queries for accessibility</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Media_Queries/Testing_media_queries\">Testing media queries programmatically</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Positioning</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Positioning/Understanding_z_index\">Understanding CSS z-index</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Scroll snap</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Scroll_Snap/Basic_concepts\">Basic concepts of scroll snap</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Scroll_Snap\">Browser compatibility and scroll snap</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Shapes</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Shapes/Overview_of_CSS_Shapes\">Overview of shapes</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Shapes/From_box_values\">Shapes from box values</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Shapes/Basic_Shapes\">Basic shapes</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Shapes/Shapes_From_Images\">Shapes from images</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Text</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Text/Wrapping_Text\">Wrapping and breaking text</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Transforms</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Transforms/Using_CSS_transforms\">Using transforms</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <details>\n <summary>Transitions</summary>\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Transitions/Using_CSS_transitions\">Using transitions</a></li>\n </ol>\n </details>\n </li>\n\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook\"><strong>Layout cookbook</strong></a></li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Media_objects\">Media objects</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts\">Columns</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element\">Center an element</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Sticky_footers\">Sticky footers</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Split_Navigation\">Split navigation</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Breadcrumb_Navigation\">Breadcrumb navigation</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/List_group_with_badges\">List group with badges</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Pagination\">Pagination</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Card\">Card</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Layout_cookbook/Grid_wrapper\">Grid wrapper</a></li>\n </ol>\n </li>\n\n <li><strong>Tools</strong></li>\n <li class=\"toggle\">\n <ol>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Colors/Color_picker_tool\">Color picker</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Backgrounds_and_Borders/Box-shadow_generator\">Box shadow generator</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Backgrounds_and_Borders/Border-image_generator\">Border image generator</a></li>\n </ol>\n </li>\n\n</ol>\n\n","body":[{"type":"prose","value":{"id":null,"title":null,"isH3":false,"content":"<p><strong>Custom properties</strong> (sometimes referred to as <strong>CSS variables</strong> or <strong>cascading variables</strong>) are entities defined by CSS authors that contain specific values to be reused throughout a document. They are set using custom property notation (e.g., <strong><code>--main-color: black;</code></strong>) and are accessed using the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/var\"><code>var()</code></a> function (e.g., <code>color: var(--main-color);</code>).</p>\n<p>Complex websites have very large amounts of CSS, often with a lot of repeated values. For example, the same color might be used in hundreds of different places, requiring global search and replace if that color needs to change. Custom properties allow a value to be stored in one place, then referenced in multiple other places. An additional benefit is semantic identifiers. For example, <code>--main-text-color</code> is easier to understand than <code>#00ff00</code>, especially if this same color is also used in other contexts.</p>\n<p>Custom properties are subject to the cascade and inherit their value from their parent.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"basic_usage","title":"Basic usage","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Declaring a custom property is done using a custom property name that begins with a double hyphen (<code>--</code>), and a property value that can be any valid CSS value. Like any other property, this is written inside a ruleset, like so:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code><span class=\"token selector\">element</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">--main-bg-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> brown<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Note that the selector given to the ruleset defines the scope that the custom property can be used in. A common best practice is to define custom properties on the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:root\"><code>:root</code></a> pseudo-class, so that it can be applied globally across your HTML document:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code><span class=\"token selector\">:root</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">--main-bg-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> brown<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>However, this doesn't always have to be the case: you maybe have a good reason for limiting the scope of your custom properties.</p>\n<div class=\"notecard note\" id=\"sect1\">\n <p><strong>Note:</strong> Custom property names are case sensitive — <code>--my-color</code> will be treated as a separate custom property to <code>--My-color</code>.</p>\n</div>\n<p>As mentioned earlier, you use the custom property value by specifying your custom property name inside the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/var\"><code>var()</code></a> function, in place of a regular property value:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code><span class=\"token selector\">element</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">background-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">var</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>--main-bg-color<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre></div>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"first_steps_with_custom_properties","title":"First steps with custom properties","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Let's start with this CSS that applies the same color to elements of different classes:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code><span class=\"token selector\">.one</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> white<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">background-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> brown<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">margin</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 10px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">width</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 50px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">height</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 50px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">display</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> inline-block<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token selector\">.two</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> white<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">background-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> black<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">margin</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 10px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">width</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 150px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">height</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 70px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">display</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> inline-block<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token selector\">.three</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> white<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">background-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> brown<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">margin</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 10px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">width</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 75px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token selector\">.four</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> white<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">background-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> brown<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">margin</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 10px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">width</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 100px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token selector\">.five</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">background-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> brown<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>We'll apply it to this HTML:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: html notranslate\"><code><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>div</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>div</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">class</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>one<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>1:<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>div</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>div</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">class</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>two<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>2: Text <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>span</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">class</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>five<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>5 - more text<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>span</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>div</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>input</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">class</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>three<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">/></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>textarea</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">class</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>four<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>4: Lorem Ipsum<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>textarea</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>div</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>This produces the following result:</p><iframe class=\"sample-code-frame\" title=\"First steps with custom properties sample\" id=\"frame_first_steps_with_custom_properties\" width=\"600\" height=\"180\" src=\"https://yari-demos.prod.mdn.mozit.cloud/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties/_sample_.first_steps_with_custom_properties.html\" loading=\"lazy\"></iframe>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"using_the_root_pseudo-class","title":"Using the :root pseudo-class","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Notice the repetitive CSS in the example above. The background color is set to <code>brown</code> in several places. For some CSS declarations, it is possible to declare this higher in the cascade and let CSS inheritance solve this problem naturally. For non-trivial projects, this is not always possible. By declaring a custom property on the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/:root\"><code>:root</code></a> pseudo-class and using it where needed throughout the document, a CSS author can reduce the need for repetition:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code><span class=\"token selector\">:root</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">--main-bg-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> brown<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token selector\">.one</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> white<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">background-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">var</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>--main-bg-color<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">margin</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 10px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">width</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 50px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">height</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 50px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">display</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> inline-block<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token selector\">.two</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> white<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">background-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> black<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">margin</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 10px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">width</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 150px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">height</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 70px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">display</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> inline-block<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token selector\">.three</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> white<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">background-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">var</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>--main-bg-color<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">margin</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 10px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">width</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 75px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token selector\">.four</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> white<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">background-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">var</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>--main-bg-color<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">margin</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 10px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">width</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 100px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token selector\">.five</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">background-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">var</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>--main-bg-color<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: html hidden notranslate\"><code><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>div</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>div</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">class</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>one<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>div</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>div</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">class</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>two<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>Text <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>span</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">class</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>five<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>- more text<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>span</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>div</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>input</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">class</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>three<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">/></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>textarea</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">class</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>four<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>Lorem Ipsum<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>textarea</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>div</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>This leads to the same result as the previous example, yet allows for one canonical declaration of the desired property value; very useful if you want to change the value across the entire page later.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"inheritance_of_custom_properties","title":"Inheritance of custom properties","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Custom properties do inherit. This means that if no value is set for a custom property on a given element, the value of its parent is used. Take this HTML:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: html notranslate\"><code><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>div</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">class</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>one<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>div</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">class</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>two<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>div</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">class</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>three<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>div</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>div</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">class</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>four<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>div</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>div</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>div</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>… with the following CSS:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code><span class=\"token selector\">.two</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">--test</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 10px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token selector\">.three</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">--test</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 2em<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>In this case, the results of <code>var(--test)</code> are:</p>\n<ul>\n <li>For the <code>class=\"two\"</code> element: <code>10px</code></li>\n <li>For the <code>class=\"three\"</code> element: <code>2em</code></li>\n <li>For the <code>class=\"four\"</code> element: <code>10px</code> (inherited from its parent)</li>\n <li>For the <code>class=\"one\"</code> element: <em>invalid value</em>, which is the default value of any custom property</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Keep in mind that these are custom properties, not actual variables like you might find in other programming languages. The value is computed where it is needed, not stored for use in other rules. For instance, you cannot set a property for an element and expect to retrieve it in a sibling's descendant's rule. The property is only set for the matching selector and its descendants, like any normal CSS.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"custom_property_fallback_values","title":"Custom property fallback values","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Using the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/var\"><code>var()</code></a> function, you can define multiple <strong>fallback values</strong> when the given variable is not yet defined; this can be useful when working with <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/Web_Components/Using_custom_elements\">Custom Elements</a> and <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/Web_Components/Using_shadow_DOM\">Shadow DOM</a>.</p>\n<div class=\"notecard note\" id=\"sect2\">\n <p><strong>Note:</strong> Fallback values aren't used to fix the browser compatibility. If the browser doesn't support CSS custom properties, the fallback value won't help. It's just a backup for the browser which supports CSS custom properties to choose a different value if the given variable isn't defined or has an invalid value.</p>\n</div>\n<p>The first argument to the function is the name of the <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/TR/css-variables/#custom-property\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">custom property</a> to be substituted. The second argument to the function, if provided, is a fallback value, which is used as the substitution value when the referenced <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/TR/css-variables/#custom-property\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">custom property</a> is invalid. The function only accepts two parameters, assigning everything following the first comma as the second parameter. If that second parameter is invalid, the fallback will fail. For example:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code><span class=\"token selector\">.two</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/* Red if --my-var is not defined */</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">var</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>--my-var<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> red<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token selector\">.three</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/* pink if --my-var and --my-background are not defined */</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">background-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">var</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>--my-var<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token function\">var</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>--my-background<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pink<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token selector\">.three</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token comment\">/* Invalid: \"--my-background, pink\" */</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">background-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">var</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>--my-var<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> --my-background<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pink<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Including a custom property as a fallback, as seen in the second example above, is the correct way to provide more than one fallback. The technique has been seen to cause performance issues as it takes more time to parse through the variables.</p>\n<div class=\"notecard note\" id=\"sect3\">\n <p><strong>Note:</strong> The syntax of the fallback, like that of <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/TR/css-variables/#custom-property\" class=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">custom properties</a>, allows commas. For example, <code>var(--foo, red, blue)</code> defines a fallback of <code>red, blue</code> — anything between the first comma and the end of the function is considered a fallback value.</p>\n</div>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"handling_invalid_custom_properties","title":"Handling invalid custom properties","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Each CSS property can be assigned a defined set of values. If you try to assign a value to a property that is outside its set of valid values, it's considered <em>invalid</em>.</p>\n<p>When the browser encounters an invalid value for a normal property, it discards the value, and elements are assigned the values that they would have had if the declaration simply did not exist.</p>\n<p>However, when the values of custom properties are parsed, the browser doesn't yet know where they will be used, so it must consider nearly all values as <em>valid</em>.</p>\n<p>Unfortunately, these valid values can be used, via the <code>var()</code> functional notation, in a context where they might not make sense. Properties and custom variables can lead to invalid CSS statements, leading to the new concept of <em>valid at computed time.</em></p>\n<p>When the browser encounters an invalid <code>var()</code> substitution, then the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/initial_value\">initial</a> or <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/inheritance\">inherited</a> value of the property is used.</p>\n<p>The next two examples illustrate this.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"invalid_normal_properties","title":"Invalid normal properties","isH3":true,"content":"<p>In this example we attempt to apply a value of <code>16px</code> to the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color\"><code>color</code></a> property. Because this is invalid, the CSS is discarded and the result is as if the rule did not exist, so the previous <code>color: blue</code> rule is applied instead, and the paragraph is blue.</p>\n<h4 id=\"html\">HTML</h4>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: html notranslate\"><code><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>p</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>This paragraph is initially black.<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>p</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<h4 id=\"css\">CSS</h4>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code><span class=\"token selector\">p</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> blue<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token selector\">p</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 16px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<h4 id=\"result\">Result</h4><iframe class=\"sample-code-frame\" title=\"Invalid normal properties sample\" id=\"frame_invalid_normal_properties\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https://yari-demos.prod.mdn.mozit.cloud/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties/_sample_.invalid_normal_properties.html\" loading=\"lazy\"></iframe>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"invalid_custom_properties","title":"Invalid custom properties","isH3":true,"content":"<p>This example is just like the last one, except we use a custom property.</p>\n<p>As expected, the browser substitutes the value of <code>--text-color</code> in place of <code>var(--text-color)</code>, but <code>16px</code> is not a valid property value for <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color\"><code>color</code></a>. After substitution, the property doesn't make sense. The browser handles this situation in two steps:</p>\n<ol>\n <li>Check if the property <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color\"><code>color</code></a> is inheritable. It is, but this <code><p></code> doesn't have any parent with the <code>color</code> property set. So we move on to the next step.</li>\n <li>Set the value to its <strong>default initial value</strong>, which is black.</li>\n</ol>\n<h4 id=\"html_2\">HTML</h4>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: html notranslate\"><code><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>p</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>This paragraph is initially black.<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>p</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<h4 id=\"css_2\">CSS</h4>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code><span class=\"token selector\">:root</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">--text-color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> 16px<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token selector\">p</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> blue<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token selector\">p</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n <span class=\"token property\">color</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token function\">var</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>--text-color<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<h4 id=\"result_2\">Result</h4><iframe class=\"sample-code-frame\" title=\"Invalid custom properties sample\" id=\"frame_invalid_custom_properties\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https://yari-demos.prod.mdn.mozit.cloud/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties/_sample_.invalid_custom_properties.html\" loading=\"lazy\"></iframe>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"values_in_javascript","title":"Values in JavaScript","isH3":false,"content":"<p>To use the values of custom properties in JavaScript, it is just like standard properties.</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><pre class=\"brush: js notranslate\"><code><span class=\"token comment\">// get variable from inline style</span>\nelement<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>style<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getPropertyValue</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"--my-var\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// get variable from wherever</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">getComputedStyle</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>element<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">getPropertyValue</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"--my-var\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// set variable on inline style</span>\nelement<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>style<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">setProperty</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"--my-var\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> jsVar <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n</code></pre></div>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"see_also","title":"See also","isH3":false,"content":"<ul>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/--*\">Custom property syntax</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/var\"><code>var()</code></a></li>\n</ul>"}}],"toc":[{"text":"Basic usage","id":"basic_usage"},{"text":"First steps with custom properties","id":"first_steps_with_custom_properties"},{"text":"Using the :root pseudo-class","id":"using_the_root_pseudo-class"},{"text":"Inheritance of custom properties","id":"inheritance_of_custom_properties"},{"text":"Custom property fallback values","id":"custom_property_fallback_values"},{"text":"Handling invalid custom properties","id":"handling_invalid_custom_properties"},{"text":"Values in JavaScript","id":"values_in_javascript"},{"text":"See also","id":"see_also"}],"summary":"Custom properties (sometimes referred to as CSS variables or cascading variables) are entities defined by CSS authors that contain specific values to be reused throughout a document. They are set using custom property notation (e.g., --main-color: black;) and are accessed using the var() function (e.g., color: var(--main-color);).","popularity":0.0616,"modified":"2022-09-28T03:40:57.000Z","other_translations":[{"title":"Uso de propiedades personalizadas (variables) en CSS","locale":"es","native":"Español"},{"title":"Les variables CSS","locale":"fr","native":"Français"},{"title":"CSS カスタムプロパティ (変数) の使用","locale":"ja","native":"日本語"},{"title":"사용자 지정 CSS 속성 사용하기 (변수)","locale":"ko","native":"한국어"},{"title":"Utilizando propriedades CSS personalizadas (variáveis)","locale":"pt-BR","native":"Português (do Brasil)"},{"title":"Использование переменных в CSS","locale":"ru","native":"Русский"},{"title":"使用 CSS 自定义属性（变量）","locale":"zh-CN","native":"中文 (简体)"}],"source":{"folder":"en-us/web/css/using_css_custom_properties","github_url":"https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/web/css/using_css_custom_properties/index.md","last_commit_url":"https://github.com/mdn/content/commit/71c4bc0b6329ec40ddbefd8d3124547e91cfa612","filename":"index.md"},"short_title":"Using CSS custom properties (variables)","parents":[{"uri":"/en-US/docs/Web","title":"References"},{"uri":"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS","title":"CSS"},{"uri":"/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Using_CSS_custom_properties","title":"Using CSS custom properties (variables)"}],"pageTitle":"Using CSS custom properties (variables) - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN","noIndexing":false}}</script><div id="a11y-status-message" role="status" aria-live="polite" aria-relevant="additions text" style="border: 0px; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; width: 1px;"></div>
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