tea-test-dao

*version5.txt* For Vim version 9.1. Last change: 2022 Nov 09 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar Welcome to Vim Version 5.0! This document lists the differences between Vim 4.x and Vim 5.0. Although 5.0 is mentioned here, this is also for version 5.1, 5.2, etc. See |vi_diff.txt| for an overview of differences between Vi and Vim 5.0. See |version4.txt| for differences between Vim 3.0 and Vim 4.0. INCOMPATIBLE: |incompatible-5| Default value for 'compatible' changed |cp-default| Text formatting command "Q" changed |Q-command-changed| Command-line arguments changed |cmdline-changed| Autocommands are kept |autocmds-kept| Use of 'hidden' changed |hidden-changed| Text object commands changed |text-objects-changed| X-Windows Resources removed |x-resources| Use of $VIM |$VIM-use| Use of $HOME for MS-DOS and Win32 |$HOME-use| Tags file format changed |tags-file-changed| Options changed |options-changed| CTRL-B in Insert mode gone |i_CTRL-B-gone| NEW FEATURES: |new-5| Syntax highlighting |new-highlighting| Built-in script language |new-script| Perl and Python support |new-perl-python| Win32 GUI version |added-win32-GUI| VMS version |added-VMS| BeOS version |added-BeOS| Macintosh GUI version |added-Mac| More Vi compatible |more-compatible| Read input from stdin |read-stdin| Regular expression patterns |added-regexp| Overloaded tags |tag-overloaded| New commands |new-commands| New options |added-options| New command-line arguments |added-cmdline-args| Various additions |added-various| IMPROVEMENTS |improvements-5| COMPILE TIME CHANGES |compile-changes-5| BUG FIXES |bug-fixes-5| VERSION 5.1 |version-5.1| Changed |changed-5.1| Added |added-5.1| Fixed |fixed-5.1| VERSION 5.2 |version-5.2| Long lines editable |long-lines| File browser added |file-browser-5.2| Dialogs added |dialogs-added| Popup menu added |popup-menu-added| Select mode added |new-Select-mode| Session files added |new-session-files| User defined functions and commands |new-user-defined| New interfaces |interfaces-5.2| New ports |ports-5.2| Multi-byte support |new-multi-byte| New functions |new-functions-5.2| New options |new-options-5.2| New Ex commands |new-ex-commands-5.2| Changed |changed-5.2| Added |added-5.2| Fixed |fixed-5.2| VERSION 5.3 |version-5.3| Changed |changed-5.3| Added |added-5.3| Fixed |fixed-5.3| VERSION 5.4 |version-5.4| Runtime directory introduced |new-runtime-dir| Filetype introduced |new-filetype-5.4| Vim script line continuation |new-line-continuation| Improved session files |improved-sessions| Autocommands improved |improved-autocmds-5.4| Encryption |new-encryption| GTK GUI port |new-GTK-GUI| Menu changes |menu-changes-5.4| Viminfo improved |improved-viminfo| Various new commands |new-commands-5.4| Various new options |new-options-5.4| Vim scripts |new-script-5.4| Avoid hit-enter prompt |avoid-hit-enter| Improved quickfix |improved-quickfix| Regular expressions |regexp-changes-5.4| Changed |changed-5.4| Added |added-5.4| Fixed |fixed-5.4| VERSION 5.5 |version-5.5| Changed |changed-5.5| Added |added-5.5| Fixed |fixed-5.5| VERSION 5.6 |version-5.6| Changed |changed-5.6| Added |added-5.6| Fixed |fixed-5.6| VERSION 5.7 |version-5.7| Changed |changed-5.7| Added |added-5.7| Fixed |fixed-5.7| VERSION 5.8 |version-5.8| Changed |changed-5.8| Added |added-5.8| Fixed |fixed-5.8| ============================================================================== INCOMPATIBLE *incompatible-5* Default value for 'compatible' changed *cp-default* -------------------------------------- Vim version 5.0 tries to be more Vi compatible. This helps people who use Vim as a drop-in replacement for Vi, but causes some things to be incompatible with version 4.x. In version 4.x the default value for the 'compatible' option was off. Now the default is on. The first thing you will notice is that the "u" command undoes itself. Other side effects will be that mappings may work differently or not work at all. Since a lot of people switching from Vim 4.x to 5.0 will find this annoying, the 'compatible' option is switched off if Vim finds a vimrc file. This is a bit of magic to make sure that 90% of the Vim users will not be bitten by this change. What does this mean? - If you prefer to run in 'compatible' mode and don't have a vimrc file, you don't have to do anything. - If you prefer to run in 'nocompatible' mode and do have a vimrc file, you don't have to do anything. - If you prefer to run in 'compatible' mode and do have a vimrc file, you should put this line first in your vimrc file: > :set compatible - If you prefer to run in 'nocompatible' mode and don't have a vimrc file, you can do one of the following: - Create an empty vimrc file (e.g.: "~/.vimrc" for Unix). - Put this command in your .exrc file or $EXINIT: > :set nocompatible < - Start Vim with the "-N" argument. If you are new to Vi and Vim, using 'nocompatible' is strongly recommended, because Vi has a lot of unexpected side effects, which are avoided by this setting. See 'compatible'. If you like some things from 'compatible' and some not, you can tune the compatibility with 'cpoptions'. When you invoke Vim as "ex" or "gex", Vim always starts in compatible mode. Text formatting command "Q" changed *Q-command-changed* ----------------------------------- The "Q" command formerly formatted lines to the width the 'textwidth' option specifies. The command for this is now "gq" (see |gq| for more info). The reason for this change is that "Q" is the standard Vi command to enter "Ex" mode, and Vim now does in fact have an "Ex" mode (see |Q| for more info). If you still want to use "Q" for formatting, use this mapping: > :noremap Q gq And if you also want to use the functionality of "Q": > :noremap gQ Q Command-line arguments changed *cmdline-changed* ------------------------------ Command-line file-arguments and option-arguments can now be mixed. You can give options after the file names. Example: > vim main.c -g This is not possible when editing a file that starts with a '-'. Use the "--" argument then |---|: > vim -g -- -main.c "-v" now means to start Ex in Vi mode, use "-R" for read-only mode. old: "vim -v file" |-v| new: "vim -R file" |-R| "-e" now means to start Vi in Ex mode, use "-q" for quickfix. old: "vim -e errorfile" |-e| new: "vim -q errorfile" |-q| "-s" in Ex mode now means to run in silent (batch) mode. |-s-ex| "-x" reserved for crypt, use "-f" to avoid starting a new CLI (Amiga). old: "vim -x file" |-x| new: "vim -f file" |-f| Vim allows up to ten "+cmd" and "-c cmd" arguments. Previously Vim executed only the last one. "-n" now overrides any setting for 'updatecount' in a vimrc file, but not in a gvimrc file. Autocommands are kept *autocmds-kept* --------------------- Before version 5.0, autocommands with the same event, file name pattern, and command could appear only once. This was fine for simple autocommands (like setting option values), but for more complicated autocommands, where the same command might appear twice, this restriction caused problems. Therefore Vim stores all autocommands and keeps them in the order that they are defined. The most obvious side effect of this change is that when you source a vimrc file twice, the autocommands in it will be defined twice. To avoid this, do one of these: - Remove any autocommands that might already be defined before defining them. Example: > :au! * *.ext :au BufEnter *.ext ... - Put the autocommands inside an ":if" command. Example: > if !exists("did_ext_autocmds") let did_ext_autocmds = 1 autocmd BufEnter *.ext ... endif - Put your autocommands in a different autocommand group so you can remove them before defining them |:augroup|: > augroup uncompress au! au BufReadPost *.gz ... augroup END Use of 'hidden' changed *hidden-changed* ----------------------- In version 4.x, only some commands used the 'hidden' option. Now all commands uses it whenever a buffer disappears from a window. Previously you could do ":buf xxx" in a changed buffer and that buffer would then become hidden. Now you must set the 'hidden' option for this to work. The new behavior is simpler: whether Vim hides buffers no longer depends on the specific command that you use. - with 'hidden' not set, you never get hidden buffers. Exceptions are the ":hide" and ":close!" commands and, in rare cases, where you would otherwise lose changes to the buffer. - With 'hidden' set, you almost never unload a buffer. Exceptions are the ":bunload" or ":bdel" commands. ":buffer" now supports a "!": abandon changes in current buffer. So do ":bnext", ":brewind", etc. Text object commands changed *text-objects-changed* ---------------------------- Text object commands have new names. This allows more text objects and makes characters available for other Visual mode commands. Since no more single characters were available, text objects names now require two characters. The first one is always 'i' or 'a'. OLD NEW ~ a aw a word |v_aw| A aW a WORD |v_aW| s as a sentence |v_as| p ap a paragraph |v_ap| S ab a () block |v_ab| P aB a {} block |v_aB| There is another set of text objects that starts with "i", for "inner". These select the same objects, but exclude white space. X-Windows Resources removed *x-resources* -------------------------- Vim no longer supports the following X resources: - boldColor - italicColor - underlineColor - cursorColor Vim now uses highlight groups to set colors. This avoids the confusion of using a bold Font, which would imply a certain color. See |:highlight| and |gui-resources|. Use of $VIM *$VIM-use* ----------- Vim now uses the VIM environment variable to find all Vim system files. This includes the global vimrc, gvimrc, and menu.vim files and all on-line help and syntax files. See |$VIM|. Starting with version 5.4, |$VIMRUNTIME| can also be used. For Unix, Vim sets a default value for $VIM when doing "make install". When $VIM is not set, its default value is the directory from 'helpfile', excluding "/doc/help.txt". Use of $HOME for MS-DOS and Win32 *$HOME-use* --------------------------------- The MS-DOS and Win32 versions of Vim now first check $HOME when searching for a vimrc or exrc file and for reading/storing the viminfo file. Previously Vim used $VIM for these systems, but this causes trouble on a system with several users. Now Vim uses $VIM only when $HOME is not set or the file is not found in $HOME. See |_vimrc|. Tags file format changed *tags-file-changed* ------------------------ Only tabs are allowed to separate fields in a tags file. This allows for spaces in a file name and is still Vi compatible. In previous versions of Vim, any white space was allowed to separate the fields. If you have a file which doesn't use a single tab between fields, edit the tags file and execute this command: > :%s/$\S*$\s\+$\S*$\s\+$.*$/\1\t\2\t\3/ Options changed *options-changed* --------------- The default value of 'errorfile' has changed from "errors.vim" to "errors.err". The reason is that only Vim scripts should have the ".vim" extensions. The ":make" command no longer uses the 'errorfile' option. This prevents the output of the ":make" command from overwriting a manually saved error file. ":make" uses the 'makeef' option instead. This also allows for generating a unique name, to prevent concurrently running ":make" commands from overwriting each other's files. With 'insertmode' set, a few more things change: - <Esc> in Normal mode goes to Insert mode. - <Esc> in Insert mode doesn't leave Insert mode. - When doing ":set im", go to Insert mode immediately. Vim considers a buffer to be changed when the 'fileformat' (formerly the 'textmode' option) is different from the buffer's initial format. CTRL-B in Insert mode gone *i_CTRL-B-gone* -------------------------- When Vim was compiled with the |+rightleft| feature, you could use CTRL-B to toggle the 'revins' option. Unfortunately, some people hit the 'B' key accidentally when trying to type CTRL-V or CTRL-N and then didn't know how to undo this. Since toggling the 'revins' option can easily be done with the mapping below, this use of the CTRL-B key is disabled. You can still use the CTRL-_ key for this |i_CTRL-_|. > :imap <C-B> <C-O>:set revins!<CR> ============================================================================== NEW FEATURES *new-5* Syntax highlighting *new-highlighting* ------------------- Vim now has a very flexible way to highlighting just about any type of file. See |syntax|. Summary: > :syntax on Colors and attributes can be set for the syntax highlighting, and also for other highlighted items with the ':' flag in the 'highlight' option. All highlighted items are assigned a highlight group which specifies their highlighting. See |:highlight|. The default colors have been improved. You can use the "Normal" group to set the default fore/background colors for a color terminal. For the GUI, you can use this group to specify the font, too. The "2html.vim" script can be used to convert any file that has syntax highlighting to HTML. The colors will be exactly the same as how you see them in Vim. With a HTML viewer you can also print the file with colors. Built-in script language *new-script* ------------------------ A few extra commands and an expression evaluator enable you to write simple but powerful scripts. Commands include ":if" and ":while". Expressions can manipulate numbers and strings. You can use the '=' register to insert directly the result of an expression. See |expression|. Perl and Python support *new-perl-python* ----------------------- Vim can call Perl commands with ":perldo", ":perl", etc. See |perl|. Patches made by Sven Verdoolaege and Matt Gerassimoff. Vim can call Python commands with ":python" and ":pyfile". See |python|. Both of these are only available when enabled at compile time. Win32 GUI version *added-win32-GUI* ----------------- The GUI has been ported to MS-Windows 95 and NT. All the features of the X11 GUI are available to Windows users now. |gui-w32| This also fixes problems with running the Win32 console version under Windows 95, where console support has always been bad. There is also a version that supports OLE automation interface. |if_ole.txt| Vim can be integrated with Microsoft Developer Studio using the VisVim DLL. It is possible to produce a DLL version of gvim with Borland C++ (Aaron). VMS version *added-VMS* ----------- Vim can now also be used on VMS systems. Port done by Henk Elbers. This has not been tested much, but it should work. Sorry, no documentation! BeOS version *added-BeOS* ------------ Vim can be used on BeOS systems (including the BeBox). (Olaf Seibert) See |os_beos.txt|. Macintosh GUI version *added-Mac* --------------------- Vim can now be used on the Macintosh. (Dany St-Amant) It has not been tested much yet, be careful! See |os_mac.txt|. More Vi compatible *more-compatible* ------------------ There is now a real Ex mode. Started with the "Q" command, or by calling the executable "ex" or "gex". |Ex-mode| Always allow multi-level undo, also in Vi compatible mode. When the 'u' flag in 'cpoptions' is included, CTRL-R is used for repeating the undo or redo (like "." in Nvi). Read input from stdin *read-stdin* --------------------- When using the "-" command-line argument, Vim reads its text input from stdin. This can be used for putting Vim at the end of a pipe: > grep "^a.*" *.c | vim - See |--|. Regular expression patterns *added-regexp* --------------------------- Added specifying a range for the number of matches of an atom: "\{a,b}". |/\{| Added the "shortest match" regexp "\{-}" (Webb). Added "\s", matches a white character. Can replace "[ \t]". |/\s| Added "\S", matches a non-white character. Can replace "[^ \t]". |/\S| Overloaded tags *tag-overloaded* --------------- When using a language like C++, there can be several tags for the same tagname. Commands have been added to be able to jump to any of these overloaded tags: |:tselect| List matching tags, and jump to one of them. |:stselect| Idem, and split window. |g_CTRL-]| Do ":tselect" with the word under the cursor. After ":ta {tagname}" with multiple matches: |:tnext| Go to next matching tag. |:tprevious| Go to previous matching tag. |:trewind| Go to first matching tag. |:tlast| Go to last matching tag. The ":tag" command now also accepts wildcards. When doing command-line completion on tags, case-insensitive matching is also available (at the end). New commands *new-commands* ------------ |:amenu| Define menus for all modes, inserting a CTRL-O for Insert mode, ESC for Visual and CTRL-C for Cmdline mode. "amenu" is used for the default menus and the Syntax menu. |:augroup| Set group to be used for following autocommands. Allows the grouping of autocommands to enable deletion of a specific group. |:crewind| Go to first error. |:clast| Go to last error. |:doautoall| Execute autocommands for all loaded buffers. |:echo| Echo its argument, which is an expression. Can be used to display messages which include variables. |:execute| Execute its argument, which is an expression. Can be used to built up an Ex command with anything. |:hide| Works like ":close". |:if| Conditional execution, for built-in script language. |:intro| Show introductory message. This is always executed when Vim is started without file arguments. |:let| Assign a value to an internal variable. |:omap| Map only in operator-pending mode. Makes it possible to map text-object commands. |:redir| Redirect output of messages to a file. |:update| Write when buffer has changed. |:while| While-loop for built-in script language. Visual mode: |v_O| "O" in Visual block mode, moves the cursor to the other corner horizontally. |v_D| "D" in Visual block mode deletes till end of line. Insert mode: |i_CTRL-]| Triggers abbreviation, without inserting any character. New options *added-options* ----------- 'background' Used for selecting highlight color defaults. Also used in "syntax.vim" for selecting the syntax colors. Often set automatically, depending on the terminal used. 'complete' Specifies how Insert mode completion works. 'eventignore' Makes it possible to ignore autocommands temporarily. 'fileformat' Current file format. Replaces 'textmode'. 'fileformats' Possible file formats. Replaces 'textauto'. New is that this also supports Macintosh format: A single <CR> separates lines. The default for 'fileformats' for MS-DOS, Win32 and OS/2 is "dos,unix", also when 'compatible' set. Unix type files didn't work anyway when 'fileformats' was empty. 'guicursor' Set the cursor shape and blinking in various modes. Default is to adjust the cursor for Insert and Replace mode, and when an operator is pending. Blinking is default on. 'fkmap' Farsi key mapping. 'hlsearch' Highlight all matches with the last used search pattern. 'hkmapp' Phonetic Hebrew mapping. (Ilya Dogolazky) 'iconstring' Define the name of the icon, when not empty. (Version 5.2: the string is used literally, a newline can be used to make two lines.) 'lazyredraw' Don't redraw the screen while executing macros, registers or other not typed commands. 'makeef' Errorfile to be used for ":make". "##" is replaced with a unique number. Avoids that two Vim sessions overwrite each others errorfile. The Unix default is "/tmp/vim##.err"; for Amiga "t:vim##.Err, for others "vim##.err". 'matchtime' 1/10s of a second to show a matching paren, when 'showmatch' is set. Like Nvi. 'mousehide' Hide mouse pointer in GUI when typing text. 'nrformats' Defines what bases Vim will consider for numbers when using the CTRL-A and CTRL-X commands. Default: "hex,octal". 'shellxquote' Add extra quotes around the whole shell command, including redirection. 'softtabstop' Make typing behave like tabstop is set at this value, without changing the value of 'tabstop'. Makes it more easy to keep 'ts' at 8, while still getting four spaces for a <Tab>. 'titlestring' String for the window title, when not empty. (Version 5.2: this string is used literally, a newline can be used to make two lines.) 'verbose' Level of verbosity. Makes it possible to show which .vimrc, .exrc, .viminfo files etc. are used for initializing. Also to show autocommands that are being executed. Can also be set by using the "-V" command-line argument. New command-line arguments *added-cmdline-args* -------------------------- |-U| Set the gvimrc file to be used. Like "-u" for the vimrc. |-V| Set the 'verbose' option. E.g. "vim -V10". |-N| Start in non-compatible mode. |-C| Start in compatible mode. |-Z| Start in restricted mode, disallow shell commands. Can also be done by calling the executable "rvim". |-h| Show usage information and exit. Various additions *added-various* ----------------- Added support for SNiFF+ connection (submitted by Toni Leherbauer). Vim can be used as an editor for SNiFF. No documentation available... For producing a bug report, the bugreport.vim script has been included. Can be used with ":so $VIMRUNTIME/bugreport.vim", which creates the file "bugreport.txt" in the current directory. |bugs| Added range to ":normal" command. Now you can repeat the same command for each line in the range. |:normal-range| Included support for the Farsi language (Shiran). Only when enabled at compile time. See |farsi|. ============================================================================== IMPROVEMENTS *improvements-5* Performance: - When 'showcmd' was set, mappings would execute much more slowly because the output would be flushed very often. Helps a lot when executing the "life" macros with 'showcmd' set. - Included patches for binary searching in tags file (David O'Neill). Can be disabled by resetting the 'tagbsearch' option. - Don't update the ruler when repeating insert (slowed it down a lot). - For Unix, file name expansion is now done internally instead of starting a shell for it. - Expand environment variables with expand_env(), instead of calling the shell. Makes ":so $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/syntax.vim" a LOT faster. - Reduced output for cursor positioning: Use CR-LF for moving to first few columns in next few lines; Don't output CR twice when using termios. - Optimized cursor positioning. Use CR, BS and NL when it's shorter than absolute cursor positioning. - Disable redrawing while repeating insert "1000ii<Esc>". - Made "d$" or "D" for long lines a lot faster (delete all characters at once, instead of one by one). - Access option table by first letter, instead of searching from start. - Made setting special highlighting attributes a lot faster by using highlight_attr[], instead of searching in the 'highlight' string. - Don't show the mode when redrawing is disabled. - When setting an option, only redraw the screen when required. - Improved performance of Ex commands by using a lookup table for the first character. Options: 'cinoptions' Added 'g' flag, for C++ scope declarations. 'cpoptions' Added 'E' flag: Disallow yanking, deleting, etc. empty text area. Default is to allow empty yanks. When 'E' is included, "y$" in an empty line now is handled as an error (Vi compatible). Added 'j' flag: Only add two spaces for a join after a '.', not after a '?' or '!'. Added 'A' flag: don't give ATTENTION message. Added 'L' flag: When not included, and 'list' is set, 'textwidth' formatting works like 'list' is not set. Added 'W' flag: Let ":w!" behave like Vi: don't overwrite readonly files, or a file owned by someone else. 'highlight' Added '@' flag, for '@' characters after the last line on the screen, and '$' at the end of the line when 'list' is set. Added 'i' flag: Set highlighting for 'incsearch'. Default uses "IncSearch" highlight group, which is linked to "Visual". Disallow 'h' flag in 'highlight' (wasn't used anymore since 3.0). 'guifont' Win32 GUI only: When set to "*" brings up a font requester. 'guipty' Default on, because so many people need it. 'path' Can contain wildcards, and "**" for searching a whole tree. 'shortmess' Added 'I' flag to avoid the intro message. 'viminfo' Added '%' flag: Store buffer list in viminfo file. - Increased defaults for 'maxmem' and 'maxmemtot' for Unix and Win32. Most machines have much more RAM now that prices have dropped. - Implemented ":set all&", set all options to their default value. |:set| Swap file: - Don't create a swap file for a readonly file. Then create one on the first change. Also create a swapfile when the amount of memory used is getting too high. |swap-file| - Make swap file "hidden", if possible. On Unix this is done by prepending a dot to the swap file name. When long file names are used, the DJGPP and Win32 versions also prepend a dot, in case a file on a mounted Unix file system is edited. |:swapname| On MSDOS the hidden file attribute is NOT set, because this causes problems with share.exe. - 'updatecount' always defaults to non-zero, also for Vi compatible mode. This means there is a swap file, which can be used for recovery. Tags: - Included ctags 2.0 (Darren Hiebert). The syntax for static tags changed from {tag}:{fname} {fname} {command} to {tag} {fname} {command};" file: Which is both faster to parse, shorter and Vi compatible. The old format is also still accepted, unless disabled in src/feature.h (see OLD_STATIC_TAGS). |tags-file-format| - Completion of tags now also includes static tags for other files, at the end. - Included "shtags" from Stephen Riehm. - When finding a matching tag, but the file doesn't exist, continue searching for another match. Helps when using the same tags file (with links) for different versions of source code. - Give a tag with a global match in the current file a higher priority than a global match in another file. Included xxd version V1.8 (Juergen Weigert). Autocommands: - VimLeave autocommands are executed after writing the viminfo file, instead of before. |VimLeave| - Allow changing autocommands while executing them. This allows for self-modifying autocommands. (idea from Goldberg) - When using autocommands with two or more patterns, could not split ":if/:endif" over two lines. Now all matching autocommands are executed in one do_cmdline(). - Autocommands no longer change the command repeated with ".". - Search patterns are restored after executing autocommands. This avoids that the 'hlsearch' highlighting is messed up by autocommands. - When trying to execute an autocommand, also try matching the pattern with the short file name. Helps when short file name is different from full file name (expanded symbolic links). |autocmd-patterns| - Made the output of ":autocmd" shorter and look better. - Expand <sfile> in an ":autocmd" when it is defined. |<sfile>| - Added "nested" flag to ":autocmd", allows nesting. |autocmd-nested| - Added [group] argument to ":autocmd". Overrides the currently set group. |autocmd-groups| - new events: |BufUnload| before a buffer is unloaded |BufDelete| before a buffer is deleted from the buffer list |FileChangedShell| when a file's modification time has changed after executing a shell command |User| user-defined autocommand - When 'modified' was set by a BufRead* autocommand, it was reset again afterwards. Now the ":set modified" is remembered. GUI: - Improved GUI scrollbar handling when redrawing is slower than the scrollbar events are generated. - "vim -u NONE" now also stops loading the .gvimrc and other GUI inits. |-u| Use "-U" to use another gvimrc file. |-U| - Handle CTRL-C for external command, also for systems where "setsid()" is supported. - When starting the GUI, restrict the window size to the screen size. - The default menus are read from $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim. This allows for a customized default menu. |menu.vim| - Improved the default menus. Added File/Print, a Window menu, Syntax menu, etc. - Added priority to the ":menu" command. Now each menu can be put in a place where you want it, independent of the order in which the menus are defined. |menu-priority| Give a warning in the intro screen when running the Win32 console version on Windows 95 because there are problems using this version under Windows 95. |win32-problems| Added 'e' flag for ":substitute" command: Don't complain when not finding a match (Campbell). |:s| When using search commands in a mapping, only the last one is kept in the history. Avoids that the history is trashed by long mappings. Ignore characters after "ex", "view" and "gvim" when checking startup mode. Allows the use of "gvim5" et. al. |gvim| "gview" starts the GUI in readonly mode. |gview| When resizing windows, the cursor is kept in the same relative position, if possible. (Webb) ":all" and ":ball" no longer close and then open a window for the same buffer. Avoids losing options, jumplist, and other info. "-f" command-line argument is now ignored if Vim was compiled without GUI. |-f| In Visual block mode, the right mouse button picks up the nearest corner. Changed default mappings for DOS et al. Removed the DOS-specific mappings, only use the Windows ones. Added Shift-Insert, Ctrl-Insert, Ctrl-Del and Shift-Del. Changed the numbers in the output of ":jumps", so you can see where {count} CTRL-O takes you. |:jumps| Using "~" for $HOME now works for all systems. |$HOME| Unix: Besides using CTRL-C, also use the INTR character from the tty settings. Somebody has INTR set to DEL. Allow a <NL> in a ":help" command argument to end the help command, so another command can follow. Doing "%" on a line that starts with " #if" didn't jump to matching "#else". Don't recognize "#if", "#else" etc. for '%' when 'cpo' contains the '%' flag. |%| Insert mode expansion with "CTRL-N", "CTRL-P" and "CTRL-X" improved |ins-completion|: - 'complete' option added. - When 'nowrapscan' is set, and no match found, report the searched direction in the error message. - Repeating CTRL-X commands adds following words/lines after the match. - When adding-expansions, accept single character matches. - Made repeated CTRL-X CTRL-N not break undo, and "." repeats the whole insertion. Also fixes not being able to backspace over a word that has been inserted with CTRL-N. When copying characters in Insert mode from previous/next line, with CTRL-E or CTRL-Y, 'textwidth' is no longer used. |i_CTRL-E| Commands that move in the arglist, like ":n" and ":rew", keep the old cursor position of the file (this is mostly Vi compatible). Vim now remembers the '< and '> marks for each buffer. This fixes a problem that a line-delete in one buffer invalidated the '< and '> marks in another buffer. |'<| For MSDOS, Unix and OS/2: When $VIM not set, use the path from the executable. When using the executable path for $VIM, remove "src/" when present. Should make Vim find the docs and syntax files when it is run directly after compiling. |$VIM| When quitting Visual mode with <Esc>, the cursor is put at start of the Visual area (like after executing an operator). Win32 and Unix version: Removed 1100 character limit on external commands. Added possibility to include a space in a ":edit +command" argument, by putting a backslash before it. |+cmd| After recovery, BufReadPost autocommands are applied. |:recover| Added color support for "os2ansi", OS/2 console. (Slootman) Allow "%:p:h" when % is empty. |:_%| Included "<sfile>": file name from the ":source" command. |<sfile>| Added "<Bslash>" special character. Helps for avoiding multiple backslashes in mappings and menus. In a help window, a double-click jumps to the tag under the cursor (like CTRL-]). <C-Left> and <C-Right> now work like <S-Left> and <S-Right>, move a word forward/backward (Windows compatible). |<C-Left>| Removed the requirement for a ":version" command in a .vimrc file. It wasn't used for anything. You can use ":if" to handle differences between versions. |:version| For MS-DOS, Win32 and OS/2: When comparing file names for autocommands, don't make a difference between '/' and '\' for path separator. New termcap options: "mb": blink. Can only be used by assigning it to one of the other highlight options. |t_mb| "bc": backspace character. |t_bc| "nd": Used for moving the cursor right in the GUI, to avoid removing one line of pixels from the last bold character. |t_nd| "xs": highlighting not erased by overwriting, for hpterm. Combined with 'weirdinvert'. Visual mode works on hpterm now. |t_xs| Unix: Set time of patch and backup file same as original file. (Hiebert). Amiga: In QuickFix mode no longer opens another window. Shell commands can be used now. Added decmouse patches from David Binette. Can now use Dec and Netterm mouse. But only when enabled at compile time. Added '#' register: Alternate file name |quote#|. Display '#' register with ":dis" command. |:display| Removed ':' from 'isfname' default for Unix. Check for "://" in a file name anyway. Also check for ":\\", for MS-DOS. Added count to "K"eyword command, when 'keywordprg' is "man", is inserted in the man command. "2K" results in "!man 2 <cword>". |K| When using "gf" on a relative path name, remove "../" from the file name, like it's done for file names in the tags file. |gf| When finishing recording, don't make the recorded register the default put register. When using "!!", don't put ":5,5!" on the command-line, but ":.!". And some other enhancements to replace the line number with "." or "$" when possible. MSDOS et al.: Renamed $VIM/viminfo to $VIM/_viminfo. It's more consistent: .vimrc/_vimrc and .viminfo/_viminfo For systems where case doesn't matter in file names (MSDOS, Amiga), ignore case while sorting file names. For buffer names too. When reading from stdin doesn't work, read from stderr (helps for "foo | xargs vim"). 32 bit MS-DOS version: Replaced csdpmi3 by csdpmi4. Changed <C-Left> and <C-Right> to skip a WORD instead of a word. Warning for changed modified time when overwriting a file now also works on other systems than Unix. Unix: Changed the defaults for configure to be the same as the defaults for Makefile: include GUI, Perl, and Python. Some versions of Motif require "-lXpm". Added check for this in configure. Don't add "-L/usr/lib" to the link line, causes problems on a few systems. ============================================================================== COMPILE TIME CHANGES *compile-changes-5* When compiling, allow a choice for minimal, normal or maximal features in an easy way, by changing a single line in src/feature.h. The DOS16 version has been compiled with minimal features to avoid running out of memory too quickly. The Win32, DJGPP, and OS/2 versions use maximal features, because they have enough memory. The Amiga version is available with normal and maximal features. Added "make test" to Unix version Makefile. Allows for a quick check if most "normal" commands work properly. Also tests a few specific commands. Added setlocale() with codepage support for DJGPP version. autoconf: - Added autoconf check for -lXdmcp. - Included check for -lXmu, no longer needed to edit the Makefile for this. - Switched to autoconf 2.12. - Added configure check for <poll.h>. Seems to be needed when including Perl on Linux? - termlib is now checked before termcap. - Added configure check for strncasecmp(), stricmp() and strnicmp(). Added vim_stricmp() for when there's no library function for stricmp(). - Use "datadir" in configure, instead of our own check for HELPDIR. Removed "make proto" from Makefile.manx. Could not make it work without a lot of #ifdefs. Removed "proto/" from paths in proto.h. Needed for the Mac port. Drastically changed Makefile.mint. Now it includes the Unix Makefile. Added support for Dos16 in Makefile.b32 (renamed Makefile.b32 to Makefile.bor) All source files are now edited with a tabstop of 8 instead of 4, which is better when debugging and using other tools. 'softtabstop' is set to 4, to make editing easier. Unix: Added "link.sh" script, which removes a few unnecessary libraries from the link command. Don't use HPUX digraphs by default, but only when HPUX_DIGRAPHS is defined. |digraphs-default| ============================================================================== BUG FIXES *bug-fixes-5* Note: Some of these fixes may only apply to test versions which were created after version 4.6, but before 5.0. When doing ":bdel", try going to the next loaded buffer. Don't rewind to the start of the buffer list. mch_isdir() for Unix returned TRUE for "" on some systems. Win32: 'shell' set to "mksnt/sh.exe" breaks ":!" commands. Don't use backslashes in the temp file names. On linux, with a FAT file system, could get spurious "file xxx changed since editing started" messages, because the time is rounded off to two seconds unexpectedly. Crash in GUI, when selecting a word (double click) and then extend until an empty line. For systems where isdigit() can't handle characters > 255, get_number() caused a crash when moving the mouse during the prompt for recovery. In Insert mode, "CTRL-O P" left the cursor on the last inserted character. Now the cursor is left after the last putted character. When quickfix found an error type other than 'e' or 'w', it was never printed. A setting for 'errorfile' in a .vimrc overruled the "-q errorfile" argument. Some systems create a file when generating a temp file name. Filtering would then create a backup file for this, which was never deleted. Now no backup file is made when filtering. simplify_filename() could remove a ".." after a link, resulting in the wrong file name. Made simplify_filename also work for MSDOS. Don't use it for Amiga, since it doesn't have "../". otherfile() was unreliable when using links. Could think that reading/writing was for a different file, when it was the same. Pasting with mouse in Replace mode didn't replace anything. Window height computed wrong when resizing a window with an autocommand (could cause a crash). ":s!foo!bar!" wasn't possible (Vi compatible). do_bang() freed memory twice when called recursively, because of autocommands (test11). Thanks to Electric Fence! "v$d" on an empty line didn't remove the "-- VISUAL --" mode message from the command-line, and inverted the cursor. ":mkexrc" didn't check for failure to open the file, causing a crash. (Felderhoff). Win32 mch_write() wrote past fixed buffer, causing terminal keys no longer to be recognized. Both console and GUI version. Athena GUI: Crash when removing a menu item. Now Vim doesn't crash, but the reversing of the menu item is still wrong. Always reset 'list' option for the help window. When 'scrolloff' is non-zero, a 'showmatch' could cause the shown match to be in the wrong line and the window to be scrolled (Acevedo). After ":set all&", 'lines' and 'ttytype' were still non-default, because the defaults never got set. Now the defaults for 'lines' and 'columns' are set after detecting the window size. 'term' and 'ttytype' defaults are set when detecting the terminal type. For (most) non-Unix systems, don't add file names with illegal characters when expanding. Fixes "cannot open swapfile" error when doing ":e *.burp", when there is no match. In X11 GUI, drawing part of the cursor obscured the text. Now the text is drawn over the cursor, like when it fills the block. (Seibert) when started with "-c cmd -q errfile", the cursor would be left in line 1. Now a ":cc" is done after executing "cmd". ":ilist" never ignored case, even when 'ignorecase' set. "vim -r file" for a readonly file, then making a change, got ATTENTION message in insert mode, display mixed up until <Esc> typed. Also don't give ATTENTION message after recovering a file. The abbreviation ":ab #i #include" could not be removed. CTRL-L completion (longest common match) on command-line didn't work properly for case-insensitive systems (MS-DOS, Windows, etc.). (suggested by Richard Kilgore). For terminals that can hide the cursor ("vi" termcap entry), resizing the window caused the cursor to disappear. Using an invalid mark in an Ex address didn't abort the command. When 'smarttab' set, would use 'shiftround' when inserting a TAB after a space. Now it always rounds to a tabstop. Set '[ and '] marks for ":copy", ":move", ":append", ":insert", ":substitute" and ":change". (Acevedo). "d$" in an empty line still caused an error, even when 'E' is not in 'cpoptions'. Help files were stored in the viminfo buffer list without a path. GUI: Displaying cursor was not synchronized with other displaying. Caused several display errors. For example, when the last two lines in the file start with spaces, "dd" on the last line copied text to the (then) last line. Win32: Needed to type CTRL-SHIFT-- to get CTRL-_. GUI: Moving the cursor forwards over bold text would remove one column of bold pixels. X11 GUI: When a bold character in the last column was scrolled up or down, one column of pixels would not be copied. Using <BS> to move the cursor left can sometimes erase a character. Now use "le" termcap entry for this. Keyword completion with regexp didn't work. e.g., for "b.*crat". Fixed: With CTRL-O that jumps to another file, cursor could end up just after the line. Amiga: '$' was missing from character recognized as wildcards, causing $VIM sometimes not to be expanded. ":change" didn't adjust marks for deleted lines. ":help [range]" didn't work. Also for [pattern], [count] and [quotex]. For 'cindent'ing, typing "class::method" doesn't align like a label when the second ':' is typed. When inserting a CR with 'cindent' set (and a bunch of other conditions) the cursor went to a wrong location. 'cindent' was wrong for a line that ends in '}'. 'cindent' was wrong after "else {". While editing the cmdline in the GUI, could not use the mouse to select text from the command-line itself. When deleting lines, marks in tag stack were only adjusted for the current window, not for other windows on the same buffer. Tag guessing could find a function "some_func" instead of the "func" we were looking for. Tags file name relative to the current file didn't work. ":g/pat2/s//pat2/g", causing the number of subs to be reported, used to cause a scroll up. Now you no longer have to hit <CR>. X11 GUI: Selecting text could cause a crash. 32 bit DOS version: CTRL-C in external command killed Vim. When SHELL is set to "sh.exe", external commands didn't work. Removed using of command.com, no longer need to set 'shellquote'. Fixed crash when using ":g/pat/i". Fixed (potential) crash for X11 GUI, when using an X selection. Was giving a pointer on the stack to a callback function, now it's static. Using "#" and "*" with an operator didn't work. E.g. "c#". Command-line expansion didn't work properly after ":*". (Acevedo) Setting 'weirdinvert' caused highlighting to be wrong in the GUI. ":e +4 #" didn't work, because the "4" was in unallocated memory (could cause a crash). Cursor position was wrong for ":e #", after ":e #" failed, because of changes to the buffer. When doing ":buf N", going to a buffer that was edited with ":view", the readonly flag was reset. Now make a difference between ":e file" and ":buf file": Only set/reset 'ro' for the first one. Avoid |hit-enter| prompt when not able to write viminfo on exit. When giving error messages in the terminal where the GUI was started, GUI escape codes would be written to the terminal. In an xterm this could be seen as a '$' after the message. Mouse would not work directly after ":gui", because full_screen isn't set, which causes starttermcap() not to do its work. 'incsearch' did not scroll the window in the same way as the actual search. When 'nowrap' set, incsearch didn't show a match when it was off the side of the screen. Now it also shows the whole match, instead of just the cursor position (if possible). ":unmap", ":unab" and ":unmenu" did not accept a double quote, it was seen as the start of a comment. Now it's Vi compatible. Using <Up><Left><Left><Up> in the command-line, when there is no previous cmdline in the history, inserted a NUL on the command-line. "i<Esc>" when on a <Tab> in column 0 left the cursor in the wrong place. GUI Motif: When adding a lot of menu items, the menu bar goes into two rows. Deleting menu items, reducing the number of rows, now also works. With ":g/pat/s//foo/c", a match in the first line was scrolled off of the screen, so you could not see it. When using ":s//c", with 'nowrap' set, a match could be off the side of the screen, so you could not see it. When 'helpfile' was set to a fixed, non-absolute path in feature.h, Vim would crash. mch_Fullname can now handle file names in read-only memory. (Lottem) When using CTRL-A or CTRL-@ in Insert mode, there could be strange effects when using CTRL-D next. Also, when repeating inserted text that included "0 CTRL-D" or "^ CTRL-D" this didn't work. (Acevedo) Using CTRL-D after using CTRL-E or CTRL-Y in Insert mode that inserted a '0' or '^', removed the '0' or '^' and more indent. The command "2".p" caused the last inserted text to be executed as commands. (Acevedo) Repeating the insert of "CTRL-V 048" resulted in "^@" to be inserted. Repeating Insert completion could fail if there are special characters in the text. (Acevedo) ":normal /string<CR>" caused the window to scroll. Now all ":normal" commands are executed without scrolling messages. Redo of CTRL-E or CTRL-Y in Insert mode interpreted special characters as commands. Line wrapping for 'tw' was done one character off for insert expansion inserts. buffer_exists() function didn't work properly for buffer names with a symbolic link in them (e.g. when using buffer_exists(#)). Removed the "MOTIF_COMMENT" construction from Makefile. It now works with FreeBSD make, and probably with NeXT make too. Matching the 'define' and 'include' arguments now honor the settings for 'ignorecase'. (Acevedo) When one file shown in two windows, Visual selection mixed up cursor position in current window and other window. When doing ":e file" from a help file, the 'isk' option wasn't reset properly, because of a modeline in the help file. When doing ":e!", a cursor in another window on the same buffer could become invalid, leading to "ml_get: invalid lnum" errors. Matching buffer name for when expanded name has a different path from not expanded name (Brugnara). Normal mappings didn't work after an operator. For example, with ":map Q gq", "QQ" didn't work. When ":make" resulted in zero errors, a "No Errors" error message was given (which breaks mappings). When ":sourcing" a file, line length was limited to 1024 characters. CTRL-V before <EOL> was not handled Vi compatible. (Acevedo) Unexpected exit for X11 GUI, caused by SAVE_YOURSELF event. (Heimann) CTRL-X CTRL-I only found one match per line. (Acevedo) When using an illegal CTRL-X key in Insert mode, the CTRL-X mode message was stuck. Finally managed to ignore the "Quit" menu entry of the Window manager! Now Vim only exists when there are no changed buffers. Trying to start the GUI when $DISPLAY is not set resulted in a crash. When $DISPLAY is not set and gvim starts vim, title was restored to "Thanks for flying Vim". When $DISPLAY not set, starting "gvim" (dropping back to vim) and then selecting text with the mouse caused a crash. "J", with 'joinspaces' set, on a line ending in ". ", caused one space too many to be added. (Acevedo) In insert mode, a CTRL-R {regname} which didn't insert anything left the '"' on the screen. ":z10" didn't work. (Clapp) "Help "*" didn't work. Renamed a lot of functions, to avoid clashes with POSIX name space. When adding characters to a line, making it wrap, the following lines were sometimes not shifted down (e.g. after a tag jump). CTRL-E, with 'so' set and cursor on last line, now does not move cursor as long as the last line is on the screen. When there are two windows, doing "^W+^W-" in the bottom window could cause the status line to be doubled (not redrawn correctly). This command would hang: ":n `cat`". Now connect stdin of the external command to /dev/null, when expanding. Fixed lalloc(0,) error for ":echo %:e:r". (Acevedo) The "+command" argument to ":split" didn't work when there was no file name. When selecting text in the GUI, which is the output of a command-line command or an external command, the inversion would sometimes remain. GUI: "-mh 70" argument was broken. Now, when menuheight is specified, it is not changed anymore. GUI: When using the scrollbar or mouse while executing an external command, this caused garbage characters. Showmatch sometimes jumped to the wrong position. Was caused by a call to findmatch() when redrawing the display (when syntax highlighting is on). Search pattern "$a *$\{3} did not work correctly, also matched "a a". Problem with brace_count not being decremented. Wildcard expansion added too many non-matching file names. When 'iskeyword' contains characters like '~', "*" and "#" didn't work properly. (Acevedo) On Linux, on a FAT file system, modification time can change by one second. Avoid a "file has