synaptic/dist/synaptic.js

architecture-free neural network library

/*!
 * The MIT License (MIT)
 * 
 * Copyright (c) 2017 Juan Cazala - https://caza.la
 * 
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 * 
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 * 
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE
 * 
 * 
 * 
 * ********************************************************************************************
 *                                   SYNAPTIC (v1.1.4)
 * ********************************************************************************************
 * 
 * Synaptic is a javascript neural network library for node.js and the browser, its generalized
 * algorithm is architecture-free, so you can build and train basically any type of first order
 * or even second order neural network architectures.
 * 
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recurrent_neural_network#Second_Order_Recurrent_Neural_Network
 * 
 * The library includes a few built-in architectures like multilayer perceptrons, multilayer
 * long-short term memory networks (LSTM) or liquid state machines, and a trainer capable of
 * training any given network, and includes built-in training tasks/tests like solving an XOR,
 * passing a Distracted Sequence Recall test or an Embeded Reber Grammar test.
 * 
 * The algorithm implemented by this library has been taken from Derek D. Monner's paper:
 * 
 * 
 * A generalized LSTM-like training algorithm for second-order recurrent neural networks
 * http://www.overcomplete.net/papers/nn2012.pdf
 * 
 * There are references to the equations in that paper commented through the source code.
 * 
 */
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/* 0 */
/***/ (function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {

"use strict";


Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
  value: true
});

var _createClass = function () { function defineProperties(target, props) { for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) { var descriptor = props[i]; descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false; descriptor.configurable = true; if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true; Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor); } } return function (Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) { if (protoProps) defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps); if (staticProps) defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps); return Constructor; }; }();

var _LayerConnection = __webpack_require__(6);

var _LayerConnection2 = _interopRequireDefault(_LayerConnection);

var _Neuron = __webpack_require__(2);

var _Neuron2 = _interopRequireDefault(_Neuron);

var _Network = __webpack_require__(1);

var _Network2 = _interopRequireDefault(_Network);

function _interopRequireDefault(obj) { return obj && obj.__esModule ? obj : { default: obj }; }

function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) { if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) { throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function"); } }

// types of connections
var connectionType = {
  ALL_TO_ALL: "ALL TO ALL",
  ONE_TO_ONE: "ONE TO ONE",
  ALL_TO_ELSE: "ALL TO ELSE"
};

// types of gates
var gateType = {
  INPUT: "INPUT",
  OUTPUT: "OUTPUT",
  ONE_TO_ONE: "ONE TO ONE"
};

var Layer = function () {
  function Layer(size) {
    _classCallCheck(this, Layer);

    this.size = size | 0;
    this.list = [];

    this.connectedTo = [];

    while (size--) {
      var neuron = new _Neuron2.default();
      this.list.push(neuron);
    }
  }

  // activates all the neurons in the layer


  _createClass(Layer, [{
    key: 'activate',
    value: function activate(input) {

      var activations = [];

      if (typeof input != 'undefined') {
        if (input.length != this.size) throw new Error('INPUT size and LAYER size must be the same to activate!');

        for (var id in this.list) {
          var neuron = this.list[id];
          var activation = neuron.activate(input[id]);
          activations.push(activation);
        }
      } else {
        for (var id in this.list) {
          var neuron = this.list[id];
          var activation = neuron.activate();
          activations.push(activation);
        }
      }
      return activations;
    }

    // propagates the error on all the neurons of the layer

  }, {
    key: 'propagate',
    value: function propagate(rate, target) {

      if (typeof target != 'undefined') {
        if (target.length != this.size) throw new Error('TARGET size and LAYER size must be the same to propagate!');

        for (var id = this.list.length - 1; id >= 0; id--) {
          var neuron = this.list[id];
          neuron.propagate(rate, target[id]);
        }
      } else {
        for (var id = this.list.length - 1; id >= 0; id--) {
          var neuron = this.list[id];
          neuron.propagate(rate);
        }
      }
    }

    // projects a connection from this layer to another one

  }, {
    key: 'project',
    value: function project(layer, type, weights) {

      if (layer instanceof _Network2.default) layer = layer.layers.input;

      if (layer instanceof Layer) {
        if (!this.connected(layer)) return new _LayerConnection2.default(this, layer, type, weights);
      } else throw new Error('Invalid argument, you can only project connections to LAYERS and NETWORKS!');
    }

    // gates a connection betwenn two layers

  }, {
    key: 'gate',
    value: function gate(connection, type) {

      if (type == Layer.gateType.INPUT) {
        if (connection.to.size != this.size) throw new Error('GATER layer and CONNECTION.TO layer must be the same size in order to gate!');

        for (var id in connection.to.list) {
          var neuron = connection.to.list[id];
          var gater = this.list[id];
          for (var input in neuron.connections.inputs) {
            var gated = neuron.connections.inputs[input];
            if (gated.ID in connection.connections) gater.gate(gated);
          }
        }
      } else if (type == Layer.gateType.OUTPUT) {
        if (connection.from.size != this.size) throw new Error('GATER layer and CONNECTION.FROM layer must be the same size in order to gate!');

        for (var id in connection.from.list) {
          var neuron = connection.from.list[id];
          var gater = this.list[id];
          for (var projected in neuron.connections.projected) {
            var gated = neuron.connections.projected[projected];
            if (gated.ID in connection.connections) gater.gate(gated);
          }
        }
      } else if (type == Layer.gateType.ONE_TO_ONE) {
        if (connection.size != this.size) throw new Error('The number of GATER UNITS must be the same as the number of CONNECTIONS to gate!');

        for (var id in connection.list) {
          var gater = this.list[id];
          var gated = connection.list[id];
          gater.gate(gated);
        }
      }
      connection.gatedfrom.push({ layer: this, type: type });
    }

    // true or false whether the whole layer is self-connected or not

  }, {
    key: 'selfconnected',
    value: function selfconnected() {

      for (var id in this.list) {
        var neuron = this.list[id];
        if (!neuron.selfconnected()) return false;
      }
      return true;
    }

    // true of false whether the layer is connected to another layer (parameter) or not

  }, {
    key: 'connected',
    value: function connected(layer) {
      // Check if ALL to ALL connection
      var connections = 0;
      for (var here in this.list) {
        for (var there in layer.list) {
          var from = this.list[here];
          var to = layer.list[there];
          var connected = from.connected(to);
          if (connected.type == 'projected') connections++;
        }
      }
      if (connections == this.size * layer.size) return Layer.connectionType.ALL_TO_ALL;

      // Check if ONE to ONE connection
      connections = 0;
      for (var neuron in this.list) {
        var from = this.list[neuron];
        var to = layer.list[neuron];
        var connected = from.connected(to);
        if (connected.type == 'projected') connections++;
      }
      if (connections == this.size) return Layer.connectionType.ONE_TO_ONE;
    }

    // clears all the neuorns in the layer

  }, {
    key: 'clear',
    value: function clear() {
      for (var id in this.list) {
        var neuron = this.list[id];
        neuron.clear();
      }
    }

    // resets all the neurons in the layer

  }, {
    key: 'reset',
    value: function reset() {
      for (var id in this.list) {
        var neuron = this.list[id];
        neuron.reset();
      }
    }

    // returns all the neurons in the layer (array)

  }, {
    key: 'neurons',
    value: function neurons() {
      return this.list;
    }

    // adds a neuron to the layer

  }, {
    key: 'add',
    value: function add(neuron) {
      neuron = neuron || new _Neuron2.default();
      this.list.push(neuron);
      this.size++;
    }
  }, {
    key: 'set',
    value: function set(options) {
      options = options || {};

      for (var i in this.list) {
        var neuron = this.list[i];
        if (options.label) neuron.label = options.label + '_' + neuron.ID;
        if (options.squash) neuron.squash = options.squash;
        if (options.bias) neuron.bias = options.bias;
      }
      return this;
    }
  }]);

  return Layer;
}();

Layer.connectionType = connectionType;
Layer.gateType = gateType;
exports.default = Layer;

/***/ }),
/* 1 */
/***/ (function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {

"use strict";


Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
  value: true
});

var _typeof = typeof Symbol === "function" && typeof Symbol.iterator === "symbol" ? function (obj) { return typeof obj; } : function (obj) { return obj && typeof Symbol === "function" && obj.constructor === Symbol && obj !== Symbol.prototype ? "symbol" : typeof obj; };

var _createClass = function () { function defineProperties(target, props) { for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) { var descriptor = props[i]; descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false; descriptor.configurable = true; if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true; Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor); } } return function (Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) { if (protoProps) defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps); if (staticProps) defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps); return Constructor; }; }();

var _Neuron = __webpack_require__(2);

var _Neuron2 = _interopRequireDefault(_Neuron);

var _Layer = __webpack_require__(0);

var _Layer2 = _interopRequireDefault(_Layer);

var _Trainer = __webpack_require__(3);

var _Trainer2 = _interopRequireDefault(_Trainer);

function _interopRequireDefault(obj) { return obj && obj.__esModule ? obj : { default: obj }; }

function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) { if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) { throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function"); } }

var Network = function () {
  function Network(layers) {
    _classCallCheck(this, Network);

    if (typeof layers != 'undefined') {
      this.layers = {
        input: layers.input || null,
        hidden: layers.hidden || [],
        output: layers.output || null
      };
      this.optimized = null;
    }
  }

  // feed-forward activation of all the layers to produce an ouput


  _createClass(Network, [{
    key: 'activate',
    value: function activate(input) {
      if (this.optimized === false) {
        this.layers.input.activate(input);
        for (var i = 0; i < this.layers.hidden.length; i++) {
          this.layers.hidden[i].activate();
        }return this.layers.output.activate();
      } else {
        if (this.optimized == null) this.optimize();
        return this.optimized.activate(input);
      }
    }

    // back-propagate the error thru the network

  }, {
    key: 'propagate',
    value: function propagate(rate, target) {
      if (this.optimized === false) {
        this.layers.output.propagate(rate, target);
        for (var i = this.layers.hidden.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
          this.layers.hidden[i].propagate(rate);
        }
      } else {
        if (this.optimized == null) this.optimize();
        this.optimized.propagate(rate, target);
      }
    }

    // project a connection to another unit (either a network or a layer)

  }, {
    key: 'project',
    value: function project(unit, type, weights) {
      if (this.optimized) this.optimized.reset();

      if (unit instanceof Network) return this.layers.output.project(unit.layers.input, type, weights);

      if (unit instanceof _Layer2.default) return this.layers.output.project(unit, type, weights);

      throw new Error('Invalid argument, you can only project connections to LAYERS and NETWORKS!');
    }

    // let this network gate a connection

  }, {
    key: 'gate',
    value: function gate(connection, type) {
      if (this.optimized) this.optimized.reset();
      this.layers.output.gate(connection, type);
    }

    // clear all elegibility traces and extended elegibility traces (the network forgets its context, but not what was trained)

  }, {
    key: 'clear',
    value: function clear() {
      this.restore();

      var inputLayer = this.layers.input,
          outputLayer = this.layers.output;

      inputLayer.clear();
      for (var i = 0; i < this.layers.hidden.length; i++) {
        this.layers.hidden[i].clear();
      }
      outputLayer.clear();

      if (this.optimized) this.optimized.reset();
    }

    // reset all weights and clear all traces (ends up like a new network)

  }, {
    key: 'reset',
    value: function reset() {
      this.restore();

      var inputLayer = this.layers.input,
          outputLayer = this.layers.output;

      inputLayer.reset();
      for (var i = 0; i < this.layers.hidden.length; i++) {
        this.layers.hidden[i].reset();
      }
      outputLayer.reset();

      if (this.optimized) this.optimized.reset();
    }

    // hardcodes the behaviour of the whole network into a single optimized function

  }, {
    key: 'optimize',
    value: function optimize() {
      var that = this;
      var optimized = {};
      var neurons = this.neurons();

      for (var i = 0; i < neurons.length; i++) {
        var neuron = neurons[i].neuron;
        var layer = neurons[i].layer;
        while (neuron.neuron) {
          neuron = neuron.neuron;
        }optimized = neuron.optimize(optimized, layer);
      }

      for (var i = 0; i < optimized.propagation_sentences.length; i++) {
        optimized.propagation_sentences[i].reverse();
      }optimized.propagation_sentences.reverse();

      var hardcode = '';
      hardcode += 'var F = Float64Array ? new Float64Array(' + optimized.memory + ') : []; ';
      for (var i in optimized.variables) {
        hardcode += 'F[' + optimized.variables[i].id + '] = ' + (optimized.variables[i].value || 0) + '; ';
      }hardcode += 'var activate = function(input){\n';
      for (var i = 0; i < optimized.inputs.length; i++) {
        hardcode += 'F[' + optimized.inputs[i] + '] = input[' + i + ']; ';
      }for (var i = 0; i < optimized.activation_sentences.length; i++) {
        if (optimized.activation_sentences[i].length > 0) {
          for (var j = 0; j < optimized.activation_sentences[i].length; j++) {
            hardcode += optimized.activation_sentences[i][j].join(' ');
            hardcode += optimized.trace_sentences[i][j].join(' ');
          }
        }
      }
      hardcode += ' var output = []; ';
      for (var i = 0; i < optimized.outputs.length; i++) {
        hardcode += 'output[' + i + '] = F[' + optimized.outputs[i] + ']; ';
      }hardcode += 'return output; }; ';
      hardcode += 'var propagate = function(rate, target){\n';
      hardcode += 'F[' + optimized.variables.rate.id + '] = rate; ';
      for (var i = 0; i < optimized.targets.length; i++) {
        hardcode += 'F[' + optimized.targets[i] + '] = target[' + i + ']; ';
      }for (var i = 0; i < optimized.propagation_sentences.length; i++) {
        for (var j = 0; j < optimized.propagation_sentences[i].length; j++) {
          hardcode += optimized.propagation_sentences[i][j].join(' ') + ' ';
        }
      }hardcode += ' };\n';
      hardcode += 'var ownership = function(memoryBuffer){\nF = memoryBuffer;\nthis.memory = F;\n};\n';
      hardcode += 'return {\nmemory: F,\nactivate: activate,\npropagate: propagate,\nownership: ownership\n};';
      hardcode = hardcode.split(';').join(';\n');

      var constructor = new Function(hardcode);

      var network = constructor();
      network.data = {
        variables: optimized.variables,
        activate: optimized.activation_sentences,
        propagate: optimized.propagation_sentences,
        trace: optimized.trace_sentences,
        inputs: optimized.inputs,
        outputs: optimized.outputs,
        check_activation: this.activate,
        check_propagation: this.propagate
      };

      network.reset = function () {
        if (that.optimized) {
          that.optimized = null;
          that.activate = network.data.check_activation;
          that.propagate = network.data.check_propagation;
        }
      };

      this.optimized = network;
      this.activate = network.activate;
      this.propagate = network.propagate;
    }

    // restores all the values from the optimized network the their respective objects in order to manipulate the network

  }, {
    key: 'restore',
    value: function restore() {
      if (!this.optimized) return;

      var optimized = this.optimized;

      var getValue = function getValue() {
        var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);

        var unit = args.shift();
        var prop = args.pop();

        var id = prop + '_';
        for (var property in args) {
          id += args[property] + '_';
        }id += unit.ID;

        var memory = optimized.memory;
        var variables = optimized.data.variables;

        if (id in variables) return memory[variables[id].id];
        return 0;
      };

      var list = this.neurons();

      // link id's to positions in the array
      for (var i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
        var neuron = list[i].neuron;
        while (neuron.neuron) {
          neuron = neuron.neuron;
        }neuron.state = getValue(neuron, 'state');
        neuron.old = getValue(neuron, 'old');
        neuron.activation = getValue(neuron, 'activation');
        neuron.bias = getValue(neuron, 'bias');

        for (var input in neuron.trace.elegibility) {
          neuron.trace.elegibility[input] = getValue(neuron, 'trace', 'elegibility', input);
        }for (var gated in neuron.trace.extended) {
          for (var input in neuron.trace.extended[gated]) {
            neuron.trace.extended[gated][input] = getValue(neuron, 'trace', 'extended', gated, input);
          }
        } // get connections
        for (var j in neuron.connections.projected) {
          var connection = neuron.connections.projected[j];
          connection.weight = getValue(connection, 'weight');
          connection.gain = getValue(connection, 'gain');
        }
      }
    }

    // returns all the neurons in the network

  }, {
    key: 'neurons',
    value: function neurons() {
      var neurons = [];

      var inputLayer = this.layers.input.neurons(),
          outputLayer = this.layers.output.neurons();

      for (var i = 0; i < inputLayer.length; i++) {
        neurons.push({
          neuron: inputLayer[i],
          layer: 'input'
        });
      }

      for (var i = 0; i < this.layers.hidden.length; i++) {
        var hiddenLayer = this.layers.hidden[i].neurons();
        for (var j = 0; j < hiddenLayer.length; j++) {
          neurons.push({
            neuron: hiddenLayer[j],
            layer: i
          });
        }
      }

      for (var i = 0; i < outputLayer.length; i++) {
        neurons.push({
          neuron: outputLayer[i],
          layer: 'output'
        });
      }

      return neurons;
    }

    // returns number of inputs of the network

  }, {
    key: 'inputs',
    value: function inputs() {
      return this.layers.input.size;
    }

    // returns number of outputs of hte network

  }, {
    key: 'outputs',
    value: function outputs() {
      return this.layers.output.size;
    }

    // sets the layers of the network

  }, {
    key: 'set',
    value: function set(layers) {
      this.layers = {
        input: layers.input || null,
        hidden: layers.hidden || [],
        output: layers.output || null
      };
      if (this.optimized) this.optimized.reset();
    }
  }, {
    key: 'setOptimize',
    value: function setOptimize(bool) {
      this.restore();
      if (this.optimized) this.optimized.reset();
      this.optimized = bool ? null : false;
    }

    // returns a json that represents all the neurons and connections of the network

  }, {
    key: 'toJSON',
    value: function toJSON(ignoreTraces) {
      this.restore();

      var list = this.neurons();
      var neurons = [];
      var connections = [];

      // link id's to positions in the array
      var ids = {};
      for (var i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
        var neuron = list[i].neuron;
        while (neuron.neuron) {
          neuron = neuron.neuron;
        }ids[neuron.ID] = i;

        var copy = {
          trace: {
            elegibility: {},
            extended: {}
          },
          state: neuron.state,
          old: neuron.old,
          activation: neuron.activation,
          bias: neuron.bias,
          layer: list[i].layer
        };

        copy.squash = neuron.squash == _Neuron2.default.squash.LOGISTIC ? 'LOGISTIC' : neuron.squash == _Neuron2.default.squash.TANH ? 'TANH' : neuron.squash == _Neuron2.default.squash.IDENTITY ? 'IDENTITY' : neuron.squash == _Neuron2.default.squash.HLIM ? 'HLIM' : neuron.squash == _Neuron2.default.squash.RELU ? 'RELU' : null;

        neurons.push(copy);
      }

      for (var i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
        var neuron = list[i].neuron;
        while (neuron.neuron) {
          neuron = neuron.neuron;
        }for (var j in neuron.connections.projected) {
          var connection = neuron.connections.projected[j];
          connections.push({
            from: ids[connection.from.ID],
            to: ids[connection.to.ID],
            weight: connection.weight,
            gater: connection.gater ? ids[connection.gater.ID] : null
          });
        }
        if (neuron.selfconnected()) {
          connections.push({
            from: ids[neuron.ID],
            to: ids[neuron.ID],
            weight: neuron.selfconnection.weight,
            gater: neuron.selfconnection.gater ? ids[neuron.selfconnection.gater.ID] : null
          });
        }
      }

      return {
        neurons: neurons,
        connections: connections
      };
    }

    // export the topology into dot language which can be visualized as graphs using dot
    /* example: ... console.log(net.toDotLang());
                $ node example.js > example.dot
                $ dot example.dot -Tpng > out.png
    */

  }, {
    key: 'toDot',
    value: function toDot(edgeConnection) {
      if (!(typeof edgeConnection === 'undefined' ? 'undefined' : _typeof(edgeConnection))) edgeConnection = false;
      var code = 'digraph nn {\n    rankdir = BT\n';
      var layers = [this.layers.input].concat(this.layers.hidden, this.layers.output);
      for (var i = 0; i < layers.length; i++) {
        for (var j = 0; j < layers[i].connectedTo.length; j++) {
          // projections
          var connection = layers[i].connectedTo[j];
          var layerTo = connection.to;
          var size = connection.size;
          var layerID = layers.indexOf(layers[i]);
          var layerToID = layers.indexOf(layerTo);
          /* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/26845540/connect-edges-with-graph-dot
           * DOT does not support edge-to-edge connections
           * This workaround produces somewhat weird graphs ...
          */
          if (edgeConnection) {
            if (connection.gatedfrom.length) {
              var fakeNode = 'fake' + layerID + '_' + layerToID;
              code += '    ' + fakeNode + ' [label = "", shape = point, width = 0.01, height = 0.01]\n';
              code += '    ' + layerID + ' -> ' + fakeNode + ' [label = ' + size + ', arrowhead = none]\n';
              code += '    ' + fakeNode + ' -> ' + layerToID + '\n';
            } else code += '    ' + layerID + ' -> ' + layerToID + ' [label = ' + size + ']\n';
            for (var from in connection.gatedfrom) {
              // gatings
              var layerfrom = connection.gatedfrom[from].layer;
              var layerfromID = layers.indexOf(layerfrom);
              code += '    ' + layerfromID + ' -> ' + fakeNode + ' [color = blue]\n';
            }
          } else {
            code += '    ' + layerID + ' -> ' + layerToID + ' [label = ' + size + ']\n';
            for (var from in connection.gatedfrom) {
              // gatings
              var layerfrom = connection.gatedfrom[from].layer;
              var layerfromID = layers.indexOf(layerfrom);
              code += '    ' + layerfromID + ' -> ' + layerToID + ' [color = blue]\n';
            }
          }
        }
      }
      code += '}\n';
      return {
        code: code,
        link: 'https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?chl=' + escape(code.replace('/ /g', '+')) + '&cht=gv'
      };
    }

    // returns a function that works as the activation of the network and can be used without depending on the library

  }, {
    key: 'standalone',
    value: function standalone() {
      if (!this.optimized) this.optimize();

      var data = this.optimized.data;

      // build activation function
      var activation = 'function (input) {\n';

      // build inputs
      for (var i = 0; i < data.inputs.length; i++) {
        activation += 'F[' + data.inputs[i] + '] = input[' + i + '];\n';
      } // build network activation
      for (var i = 0; i < data.activate.length; i++) {
        // shouldn't this be layer?
        for (var j = 0; j < data.activate[i].length; j++) {
          activation += data.activate[i][j].join('') + '\n';
        }
      }

      // build outputs
      activation += 'var output = [];\n';
      for (var i = 0; i < data.outputs.length; i++) {
        activation += 'output[' + i + '] = F[' + data.outputs[i] + '];\n';
      }activation += 'return output;\n}';

      // reference all the positions in memory
      var memory = activation.match(/F\[(\d+)\]/g);
      var dimension = 0;
      var ids = {};

      for (var i = 0; i < memory.length; i++) {
        var tmp = memory[i].match(/\d+/)[0];
        if (!(tmp in ids)) {
          ids[tmp] = dimension++;
        }
      }
      var hardcode = 'F = {\n';

      for (var i in ids) {
        hardcode += ids[i] + ': ' + this.optimized.memory[i] + ',\n';
      }hardcode = hardcode.substring(0, hardcode.length - 2) + '\n};\n';
      hardcode = 'var run = ' + activation.replace(/F\[(\d+)]/g, function (index) {
        return 'F[' + ids[index.match(/\d+/)[0]] + ']';
      }).replace('{\n', '{\n' + hardcode + '') + ';\n';
      hardcode += 'return run';

      // return standalone function
      return new Function(hardcode)();
    }

    // Return a HTML5 WebWorker specialized on training the network stored in `memory`.
    // Train based on the given dataSet and options.
    // The worker returns the updated `memory` when done.

  }, {
    key: 'worker',
    value: function worker(memory, set, options) {
      // Copy the options and set defaults (options might be different for each worker)
      var workerOptions = {};
      if (options) workerOptions = options;
      workerOptions.rate = workerOptions.rate || .2;
      workerOptions.iterations = workerOptions.iterations || 100000;
      workerOptions.error = workerOptions.error || .005;
      workerOptions.cost = workerOptions.cost || null;
      workerOptions.crossValidate = workerOptions.crossValidate || null;

      // Cost function might be different for each worker
      var costFunction = '// REPLACED BY WORKER\nvar cost = ' + (options && options.cost || this.cost || _Trainer2.default.cost.MSE) + ';\n';
      var workerFunction = Network.getWorkerSharedFunctions();
      workerFunction = workerFunction.replace(/var cost = options && options\.cost \|\| this\.cost \|\| Trainer\.cost\.MSE;/g, costFunction);

      // Set what we do when training is finished
      workerFunction = workerFunction.replace('return results;', 'postMessage({action: "done", message: results, memoryBuffer: F}, [F.buffer]);');

      // Replace log with postmessage
      workerFunction = workerFunction.replace('console.log(\'iterations\', iterations, \'error\', error, \'rate\', currentRate)', 'postMessage({action: \'log\', message: {\n' + 'iterations: iterations,\n' + 'error: error,\n' + 'rate: currentRate\n' + '}\n' + '})');

      // Replace schedule with postmessage
      workerFunction = workerFunction.replace('abort = this.schedule.do({ error: error, iterations: iterations, rate: currentRate })', 'postMessage({action: \'schedule\', message: {\n' + 'iterations: iterations,\n' + 'error: error,\n' + 'rate: currentRate\n' + '}\n' + '})');

      if (!this.optimized) this.optimize();

      var hardcode = 'var inputs = ' + this.optimized.data.inputs.length + ';\n';
      hardcode += 'var outputs = ' + this.optimized.data.outputs.length + ';\n';
      hardcode += 'var F =  new Float64Array([' + this.optimized.memory.toString() + ']);\n';
      hardcode += 'var activate = ' + this.optimized.activate.toString() + ';\n';
      hardcode += 'var propagate = ' + this.optimized.propagate.toString() + ';\n';
      hardcode += 'onmessage = function(e) {\n' + 'if (e.data.action == \'startTraining\') {\n' + 'train(' + JSON.stringify(set) + ',' + JSON.stringify(workerOptions) + ');\n' + '}\n' + '}';

      var workerSourceCode = workerFunction + '\n' + hardcode;
      var blob = new Blob([workerSourceCode]);
      var blobURL = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);

      return new Worker(blobURL);
    }

    // returns a copy of the network

  }, {
    key: 'clone',
    value: function clone() {
      return Network.fromJSON(this.toJSON());
    }

    /**
     * Creates a static String to store the source code of the functions
     *  that are identical for all the workers (train, _trainSet, test)
     *
     * @return {String} Source code that can train a network inside a worker.
     * @static
     */

  }], [{
    key: 'getWorkerSharedFunctions',
    value: function getWorkerSharedFunctions() {
      // If we already computed the source code for the shared functions
      if (typeof Network._SHARED_WORKER_FUNCTIONS !== 'undefined') return Network._SHARED_WORKER_FUNCTIONS;

      // Otherwise compute and return the source code
      // We compute them by simply copying the source code of the train, _trainSet and test functions
      //  using the .toString() method

      // Load and name the train function
      var train_f = _Trainer2.default.prototype.train.toString();
      train_f = train_f.replace(/this._trainSet/g, '_trainSet');
      train_f = train_f.replace(/this.test/g, 'test');
      train_f = train_f.replace(/this.crossValidate/g, 'crossValidate');
      train_f = train_f.replace('crossValidate = true', '// REMOVED BY WORKER');

      // Load and name the _trainSet function
      var _trainSet_f = _Trainer2.default.prototype._trainSet.toString().replace(/this.network./g, '');

      // Load and name the test function
      var test_f = _Trainer2.default.prototype.test.toString().replace(/this.network./g, '');

      return Network._SHARED_WORKER_FUNCTIONS = train_f + '\n' + _trainSet_f + '\n' + test_f;
    }
  }, {
    key: 'fromJSON',
    value: function fromJSON(json) {
      var neurons = [];

      var layers = {
        input: new _Layer2.default(),
        hidden: [],
        output: new _Layer2.default()
      };

      for (var i = 0; i < json.neurons.length; i++) {
        var config = json.neurons[i];

        var neuron = new _Neuron2.default();
        neuron.trace.elegibility = {};
        neuron.trace.extended = {};
        neuron.state = config.state;
        neuron.old = config.old;
        neuron.activation = config.activation;
        neuron.bias = config.bias;
        neuron.squash = config.squash in _Neuron2.default.squash ? _Neuron2.default.squash[config.squash] : _Neuron2.default.squash.LOGISTIC;
        neurons.push(neuron);

        if (config.layer == 'input') layers.input.add(neuron);else if (config.layer == 'output') layers.output.add(neuron);else {
          if (typeof layers.hidden[config.layer] == 'undefined') layers.hidden[config.layer] = new _Layer2.default();
          layers.hidden[config.layer].add(neuron);
        }
      }

      for (var i = 0; i < json.connections.length; i++) {
        var config = json.connections[i];
        var from = neurons[config.from];
        var to = neurons[config.to];
        var weight = config.weight;
        var gater = neurons[config.gater];

        var connection = from.project(to, weight);
        if (gater) gater.gate(connection);
      }

      return new Network(layers);
    }
  }]);

  return Network;
}();

exports.default = Network;

/***/ }),
/* 2 */
/***/ (function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {

"use strict";


Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
  value: true
});

var _createClass = function () { function defineProperties(target, props) { for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) { var descriptor = props[i]; descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false; descriptor.configurable = true; if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true; Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor); } } return function (Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) { if (protoProps) defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps); if (staticProps) defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps); return Constructor; }; }();

var _Connection = __webpack_require__(5);

var _Connection2 = _interopRequireDefault(_Connection);

function _interopRequireDefault(obj) { return obj && obj.__esModule ? obj : { default: obj }; }

function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) { if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) { throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function"); } }

var neurons = 0;

// squashing functions
var squash = {
  // eq. 5 & 5'
  LOGISTIC: function LOGISTIC(x, derivate) {
    var fx = 1 / (1 + Math.exp(-x));
    if (!derivate) return fx;
    return fx * (1 - fx);
  },
  TANH: function TANH(x, derivate) {
    if (derivate) return 1 - Math.pow(Math.tanh(x), 2);
    return Math.tanh(x);
  },
  IDENTITY: function IDENTITY(x, derivate) {
    return derivate ? 1 : x;
  },
  HLIM: function HLIM(x, derivate) {
    return derivate ? 1 : x > 0 ? 1 : 0;
  },
  RELU: function RELU(x, derivate) {
    if (derivate) return x > 0 ? 1 : 0;
    return x > 0 ? x : 0;
  }
};

var Neuron = function () {
  function Neuron() {
    _classCallCheck(this, Neuron);

    this.ID = Neuron.uid();

    this.connections = {
      inputs: {},
      projected: {},
      gated: {}
    };
    this.error = {
      responsibility: 0,
      projected: 0,
      gated: 0
    };
    this.trace = {
      elegibility: {},
      extended: {},
      influences: {}
    };
    this.state = 0;
    this.old = 0;
    this.activation = 0;
    this.selfconnection = new _Connection2.default(this, this, 0); // weight = 0 -> not connected
    this.squash = Neuron.squash.LOGISTIC;
    this.neighboors = {};
    this.bias = Math.random() * .2 - .1;
  }

  // activate the neuron


  _createClass(Neuron, [{
    key: 'activate',
    value: function activate(input) {
      // activation from enviroment (for input neurons)
      if (typeof input != 'undefined') {
        this.activation = input;
        this.derivative = 0;
        this.bias = 0;
        return this.activation;
      }

      // old state
      this.old = this.state;

      // eq. 15
      this.state = this.selfconnection.gain * this.selfconnection.weight * this.state + this.bias;

      for (var i in this.connections.inputs) {
        var input = this.connections.inputs[i];
        this.state += input.from.activation * input.weight * input.gain;
      }

      // eq. 16
      this.activation = this.squash(this.state);

      // f'(s)
      this.derivative = this.squash(this.state, true);

      // update traces
      var influences = [];
      for (var id in this.trace.extended) {
        // extended elegibility trace
        var neuron = this.neighboors[id];

        // if gated neuron's selfconnection is gated by this unit, the influence keeps track of the neuron's old state
        var influence = neuron.selfconnection.gater == this ? neuron.old : 0;

        // index runs over all the incoming connections to the gated neuron that are gated by this unit
        for (var incoming in this.trace.influences[neuron.ID]) {
          // captures the effect that has an input connection to this unit, on a neuron that is gated by this unit
          influence += this.trace.influences[neuron.ID][incoming].weight * this.trace.influences[neuron.ID][incoming].from.activation;
        }
        influences[neuron.ID] = influence;
      }

      for (var i in this.connections.inputs) {
        var input = this.connections.inputs[i];

        // elegibility trace - Eq. 17
        this.trace.elegibility[input.ID] = this.selfconnection.gain * this.selfconnection.weight * this.trace.elegibility[input.ID] + input.gain * input.from.activation;

        for (var id in this.trace.extended) {
          // extended elegibility trace
          var xtrace = this.trace.extended[id];
          var neuron = this.neighboors[id];
          var influence = influences[neuron.ID];

          // eq. 18
          xtrace[input.ID] = neuron.selfconnection.gain * neuron.selfconnection.weight * xtrace[input.ID] + this.derivative * this.trace.elegibility[input.ID] * influence;
        }
      }

      //  update gated connection's gains
      for (var connection in this.connections.gated) {
        this.connections.gated[connection].gain = this.activation;
      }

      return this.activation;
    }

    // back-propagate the error

  }, {
    key: 'propagate',
    value: function propagate(rate, target) {
      // error accumulator
      var error = 0;

      // whether or not this neuron is in the output layer
      var isOutput = typeof target != 'undefined';

      // output neurons get their error from the enviroment
      if (isOutput) this.error.responsibility = this.error.projected = target - this.activation; // Eq. 10

      else // the rest of the neuron compute their error responsibilities by backpropagation
        {
          // error responsibilities from all the connections projected from this neuron
          for (var id in this.connections.projected) {
            var connection = this.connections.projected[id];
            var neuron = connection.to;
            // Eq. 21
            error += neuron.error.responsibility * connection.gain * connection.weight;
          }

          // projected error responsibility
          this.error.projected = this.derivative * error;

          error = 0;
          // error responsibilities from all the connections gated by this neuron
          for (var id in this.trace.extended) {
            var neuron = this.neighboors[id]; // gated neuron
            var influence = neuron.selfconnection.gater == this ? neuron.old : 0; // if gated neuron's selfconnection is gated by this neuron

            // index runs over all the connections to the gated neuron that are gated by this neuron
            for (var input in this.trace.influences[id]) {
              // captures the effect that the input connection of this neuron have, on a neuron which its input/s is/are gated by this neuron
              influence += this.trace.influences[id][input].weight * this.trace.influences[neuron.ID][input].from.activation;
            }
            // eq. 22
            error += neuron.error.responsibility * influence;
          }

          // gated error responsibility
          this.error.gated = this.derivative * error;

          // error responsibility - Eq. 23
          this.error.responsibility = this.error.projected + this.error.gated;
        }

      // learning rate
      rate = rate || .1;

      // adjust all the neuron's incoming connections
      for (var id in this.connections.inputs) {
        var input = this.connections.inputs[id];

        // Eq. 24
        var gradient = this.error.projected * this.trace.elegibility[input.ID];
        for (var id in this.trace.extended) {
          var neuron = this.neighboors[id];
          gradient += neuron.error.responsibility * this.trace.extended[neuron.ID][input.ID];
        }
        input.weight += rate * gradient; // adjust weights - aka learn
      }

      // adjust bias
      this.bias += rate * this.error.responsibility;
    }
  }, {
    key: 'project',
    value: function project(neuron, weight) {
      // self-connection
      if (neuron == this) {
        this.selfconnection.weight = 1;
        return this.selfconnection;
      }

      // check if connection already exists
      var connected = this.connected(neuron);
      if (connected && connected.type == 'projected') {
        // update connection
        if (typeof weight != 'undefined') connected.connection.weight = weight;
        // return existing connection
        return connected.connection;
      } else {
        // create a new connection
        var connection = new _Connection2.default(this, neuron, weight);
      }

      // reference all the connections and traces
      this.connections.projected[connection.ID] = connection;
      this.neighboors[neuron.ID] = neuron;
      neuron.connections.inputs[connection.ID] = connection;
      neuron.trace.elegibility[connection.ID] = 0;

      for (var id in neuron.trace.extended) {
        var trace = neuron.trace.extended[id];
        trace[connection.ID] = 0;
      }

      return connection;
    }
  }, {
    key: 'gate',
    value: function gate(connection) {
      // add connection to gated list
      this.connections.gated[connection.ID] = connection;

      var neuron = connection.to;
      if (!(neuron.ID in this.trace.extended)) {
        // extended trace
        this.neighboors[neuron.ID] = neuron;
        var xtrace = this.trace.extended[neuron.ID] = {};
        for (var id in this.connections.inputs) {
          var input = this.connections.inputs[id];
          xtrace[input.ID] = 0;
        }
      }

      // keep track
      if (neuron.ID in this.trace.influences) this.trace.influences[neuron.ID].push(connection);else this.trace.influences[neuron.ID] = [connection];

      // set gater
      connection.gater = this;
    }

    // returns true or false whether the neuron is self-connected or not

  }, {
    key: 'selfconnected',
    value: function selfconnected() {
      return this.selfconnection.weight !== 0;
    }

    // returns true or false whether the neuron is connected to another neuron (parameter)

  }, {
    key: 'connected',
    value: function connected(neuron) {
      var result = {
        type: null,
        connection: false
      };

      if (this == neuron) {
        if (this.selfconnected()) {
          result.type = 'selfconnection';
          result.connection = this.selfconnection;
          return result;
        } else return false;
      }

      for (var type in this.connections) {
        for (var connection in this.connections[type]) {
          var connection = this.connections[type][connection];
          if (connection.to == neuron) {
            result.type = type;
            result.connection = connection;
            return result;
          } else if (connection.from == neuron) {
            result.type = type;
            result.connection = connection;
            return result;
          }
        }
      }

      return false;
    }

    // clears all the traces (the neuron forgets it's context, but the connections remain intact)

  }, {
    key: 'clear',
    value: function clear() {
      for (var trace in this.trace.elegibility) {
        this.trace.elegibility[trace] = 0;
      }

      for (var trace in this.trace.extended) {
        for (var extended in this.trace.extended[trace]) {
          this.trace.extended[trace][extended] = 0;
        }
      }

      this.error.responsibility = this.error.projected = this.error.gated = 0;
    }

    // all the connections are randomized and the traces are cleared

  }, {
    key: 'reset',
    value: function reset() {
      this.clear();

      for (var type in this.connections) {
        for (var connection in this.connections[type]) {
          this.connections[type][connection].weight = Math.random() * .2 - .1;
        }
      }

      this.bias = Math.random() * .2 - .1;
      this.old = this.state = this.activation = 0;
    }

    // hardcodes the behaviour of the neuron into an optimized function

  }, {
    key: 'optimize',
    value: function optimize(optimized, layer) {

      optimized = optimized || {};
      var store_activation = [];
      var store_trace = [];
      var store_propagation = [];
      var varID = optimized.memory || 0;
      var neurons = optimized.neurons || 1;
      var inputs = optimized.inputs || [];
      var targets = optimized.targets || [];
      var outputs = optimized.outputs || [];
      var variables = optimized.variables || {};
      var activation_sentences = optimized.activation_sentences || [];
      var trace_sentences = optimized.trace_sentences || [];
      var propagation_sentences = optimized.propagation_sentences || [];
      var layers = optimized.layers || { __count: 0, __neuron: 0 };

      // allocate sentences
      var allocate = function allocate(store) {
        var allocated = layer in layers && store[layers.__count];
        if (!allocated) {
          layers.__count = store.push([]) - 1;
          layers[layer] = layers.__count;
        }
      };
      allocate(activation_sentences);
      allocate(trace_sentences);
      allocate(propagation_sentences);
      var currentLayer = layers.__count;

      // get/reserve space in memory by creating a unique ID for a variablel
      var getVar = function getVar() {
        var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(