manual-visual-studio-code
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Visual Studio Code 手册
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<h1 id="c--c">C / C++</h1>
<p>将 C 添加至环境变量，打开应用商店，输入 <code>C/C++</code> 并安装，安装完成后打开工作区中的 C 文件或 C++ 文件，使用快捷键 <code>F5</code> ，然后选择 <code>C++ (GDB/LLDB)</code> ，选择 <code>gcc.exe build and debug active file</code> ，之后会在当前工作区中的 <code>.vscode</code> 文件夹中自动生成 <code>launch.json</code> 配置文件。</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-json"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"version"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"0.2.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"configurations"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"name"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"gcc.exe build and debug active file"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"type"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"cppdbg"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"request"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"launch"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"program"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"args"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"stopAtEntry"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"cwd"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"${workspaceFolder}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"environment"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"externalConsole"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"MIMode"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"gdb"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"miDebuggerPath"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"当前环境中 gdb.exe 的执行路径"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"setupCommands"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"description"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"为 gdb 启用整齐打印"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"text"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"-enable-pretty-printing"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"ignoreFailures"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"preLaunchTask"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"gcc.exe build active file"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<p>编辑好 <code>launch.json</code> 配置文件后保存，返回到工作区中的 C 文件或 C++ 文件，重新使用快捷键 <code>F5</code> ， Visual Studio Code 会弹出错误窗口并提示 <code>找不到任务"gcc.exe build active file"</code> ，选择 <code>配置任务</code> ，选择 <code>C/C++: gcc.exe build active file</code> ，会在当前工作区中的 <code>.vscode</code> 文件夹中自动生成 <code>tasks.json</code> 配置文件。</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-json"><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"version"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"2.0.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"tasks"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"type"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"shell"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"label"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"gcc.exe build active file"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"command"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"当前环境中 gcc.exe 的执行路径"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"args"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">"-g"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"${file}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"-o"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"options"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"cwd"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"当前环境中 C 的执行路径"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"problemMatcher"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">"$gcc"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"group"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"build"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<p>编辑好 <code>tasks.json</code> 配置文件后保存，再次返回到工作区中的 C 文件或 C++ 文件，此时再次使用快捷键 <code>F5</code> 即可看到运行结果。</p>
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