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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Chapter 14. Programming for the Web</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="core.css" type="text/css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.74.0"/></head><body><div class="chapter" title="Chapter 14. Programming for the Web"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="learnjava3-CHP-14"/>Chapter 14. Programming for the Web</h1></div></div></div><p>When you think about the Web, you probably think of web-based
applications and services. If you are asked to go deeper, you may consider
tools such as web browsers and web servers that support those applications
and move data around the network. But it’s important to note that standards
and protocols, not the applications and tools themselves, have enabled the
Web’s growth. Since the earliest days of the Internet, there have been ways
to move files from here to there, and document formats that were just as
powerful as HTML, but there was not a unifying model for how to identify,
retrieve, and display information, nor was there a universal way for
applications to interact with that data over the network. Since the web
explosion began, HTML has reigned supreme as a common format for documents,
and most developers have at least some familiarity with it. In this chapter,
we’re going to talk a bit about its cousin, HTTP, the protocol that handles
communications between web clients and servers, and URLs, which provide a
standard for naming and addressing objects on the Web. Java provides a very
simple API for working with URLs to address objects on the Web. In this
chapter, we’ll discuss how to write web clients that can interact with the
servers using the HTTP <code class="literal">GET</code> and <code class="literal">POST</code> methods and also say a bit about web
services, which are the next step up the evolutionary chain. In <a class="xref" href="ch15.html" title="Chapter 15. Web Applications and Web Services">Chapter 15</a>, we’ll jump over to the server side and take
a look at servlets and web services, which are Java programs that run on web
servers and implement the other side of these conversations.</p></div></body></html>