d3-force-webgpu/dist/d3-force-webgpu.min.js

Force-directed graph layout using velocity Verlet integration with WebGPU acceleration.

// https://github.com/jamescarruthers/d3-force-webgpu v3.1.2 Copyright 2010-2021 Mike Bostock
!function(n,e){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?e(exports,require("d3-quadtree"),require("d3-dispatch"),require("d3-timer")):"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["exports","d3-quadtree","d3-dispatch","d3-timer"],e):e((n="undefined"!=typeof globalThis?globalThis:n||self).d3=n.d3||{},n.d3,n.d3,n.d3)}(this,(function(n,e,t,r){"use strict";function i(n){return function(){return n}}function a(n){return 1e-6*(n()-.5)}function o(n){return n.x+n.vx}function f(n){return n.y+n.vy}function s(n){return n.index}function u(n,e){var t=n.get(e);if(!t)throw new Error("node not found: "+e);return t}const l=4294967296;function d(){let n=1;return()=>(n=(1664525*n+1013904223)%l)/l}function c(n){return n.x}function h(n){return n.y}var g=Math.PI*(3-Math.sqrt(5));let y=null,p=null,x=null;async function v(){return y||(x||(x=(async()=>{if(!navigator.gpu)throw new Error("WebGPU not supported in this browser");if(p=await navigator.gpu.requestAdapter({powerPreference:"high-performance"}),!p)throw new Error("No WebGPU adapter found");const n={maxStorageBufferBindingSize:p.limits.maxStorageBufferBindingSize,maxBufferSize:p.limits.maxBufferSize,maxComputeWorkgroupsPerDimension:p.limits.maxComputeWorkgroupsPerDimension};return y=await p.requestDevice({requiredLimits:n}),y.lost.then((n=>{console.error("WebGPU device lost:",n.message),y=null,p=null,x=null})),y.onuncapturederror=n=>{console.error("WebGPU uncaptured error:",n.error)},y})(),x))}function m(){return"undefined"!=typeof navigator&&!!navigator.gpu}async function b(n,e,t,r){const i=n.createShaderModule({code:e}),a=await i.getCompilationInfo();if(a.messages.some((n=>"error"===n.type))){const n=a.messages.filter((n=>"error"===n.type));throw new Error("Shader compilation failed: "+n.map((n=>n.message)).join("\n"))}return n.createComputePipeline({layout:r?n.createPipelineLayout({bindGroupLayouts:[r]}):"auto",compute:{module:i,entryPoint:t}})}class w{constructor(n,e){this.device=n,this.nodeCount=e,this.isMapped=!1,this.floatsPerNode=8,this.bytesPerNode=4*this.floatsPerNode,this.bufferSize=this.nodeCount*this.bytesPerNode,this.storageBuffer=n.createBuffer({size:this.bufferSize,usage:GPUBufferUsage.STORAGE|GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST|GPUBufferUsage.COPY_SRC,label:"Node Storage Buffer"}),this.stagingBuffer=n.createBuffer({size:this.bufferSize,usage:GPUBufferUsage.MAP_READ|GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST,label:"Node Staging Buffer"}),this.cpuData=new Float32Array(this.nodeCount*this.floatsPerNode)}uploadNodes(n){for(let e=0;e<n.length;e++){const t=n[e],r=e*this.floatsPerNode;this.cpuData[r+0]=t.x||0,this.cpuData[r+1]=t.y||0,this.cpuData[r+2]=t.vx||0,this.cpuData[r+3]=t.vy||0,this.cpuData[r+4]=null!=t.fx?t.fx:NaN,this.cpuData[r+5]=null!=t.fy?t.fy:NaN,this.cpuData[r+6]=null!=t._strength?t._strength:-30,this.cpuData[r+7]=null!=t.radius?t.radius:5}this.device.queue.writeBuffer(this.storageBuffer,0,this.cpuData)}async downloadNodes(n){if(this.isMapped)return void console.warn("Buffer already mapped, skipping download");const e=this.device.createCommandEncoder();e.copyBufferToBuffer(this.storageBuffer,0,this.stagingBuffer,0,this.bufferSize),this.device.queue.submit([e.finish()]),this.isMapped=!0;try{await this.stagingBuffer.mapAsync(GPUMapMode.READ);const e=new Float32Array(this.stagingBuffer.getMappedRange().slice(0));this.stagingBuffer.unmap();for(let t=0;t<n.length;t++){const r=t*this.floatsPerNode;n[t].x=e[r+0],n[t].y=e[r+1],n[t].vx=e[r+2],n[t].vy=e[r+3]}}finally{this.isMapped=!1}}async downloadVelocities(n){const e=this.device.createCommandEncoder();e.copyBufferToBuffer(this.storageBuffer,0,this.stagingBuffer,0,this.bufferSize),this.device.queue.submit([e.finish()]),await this.stagingBuffer.mapAsync(GPUMapMode.READ);const t=new Float32Array(this.stagingBuffer.getMappedRange().slice(0));this.stagingBuffer.unmap();for(let e=0;e<n.length;e++){const r=e*this.floatsPerNode;n[e].vx=t[r+2],n[e].vy=t[r+3]}}destroy(){this.storageBuffer.destroy(),this.stagingBuffer.destroy()}}class B{constructor(n,e){this.device=n,this.linkCount=e,this.floatsPerLink=8,this.bytesPerLink=4*this.floatsPerLink,this.bufferSize=Math.max(32,this.linkCount*this.bytesPerLink),this.storageBuffer=n.createBuffer({size:this.bufferSize,usage:GPUBufferUsage.STORAGE|GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST,label:"Link Storage Buffer"}),this.cpuData=new Float32Array(this.linkCount*this.floatsPerLink)}uploadLinks(n,e,t,r){for(let i=0;i<n.length;i++){const a=n[i],o=i*this.floatsPerLink;this.cpuData[o+0]=a.source.index,this.cpuData[o+1]=a.target.index,this.cpuData[o+2]=e[i],this.cpuData[o+3]=t[i],this.cpuData[o+4]=r[i],this.cpuData[o+5]=0,this.cpuData[o+6]=0,this.cpuData[o+7]=0}this.device.queue.writeBuffer(this.storageBuffer,0,this.cpuData)}destroy(){this.storageBuffer.destroy()}}class k{constructor(n){this.device=n,this.bufferSize=96,this.storageBuffer=n.createBuffer({size:this.bufferSize,usage:GPUBufferUsage.UNIFORM|GPUBufferUsage.COPY_DST,label:"Simulation Params Buffer"}),this.arrayBuffer=new ArrayBuffer(96),this.floatView=new Float32Array(this.arrayBuffer),this.uintView=new Uint32Array(this.arrayBuffer)}update(n){this.floatView[0]=n.alpha||1,this.floatView[1]=n.velocityDecay||.6,this.uintView[2]=n.nodeCount||0,this.uintView[3]=n.linkCount||0,this.floatView[4]=n.centerX||0,this.floatView[5]=n.centerY||0,this.floatView[6]=n.centerStrength||1,this.floatView[7]=n.theta2||.81,this.floatView[8]=n.distanceMin2||1;const e=n.distanceMax2;this.floatView[9]=e===1/0||e>1e30?1e30:e,this.uintView[10]=n.iterations||1,this.floatView[11]=n.collisionRadius||5,this.floatView[12]=n.collisionStrength||1,this.uintView[13]=n.collisionIterations||1,this.floatView[14]=n.forceXTarget||0,this.floatView[15]=n.forceXStrength||.1,this.floatView[16]=n.forceYTarget||0,this.floatView[17]=n.forceYStrength||.1,this.floatView[18]=n.radialX||0,this.floatView[19]=n.radialY||0,this.floatView[20]=n.radialRadius||100,this.floatView[21]=n.radialStrength||.1,this.floatView[22]=0,this.floatView[23]=0,this.device.queue.writeBuffer(this.storageBuffer,0,this.arrayBuffer)}destroy(){this.storageBuffer.destroy()}}const S="\n// Many-Body Force Compute Shader\n// Implements N-body gravitational/repulsive force using tile-based algorithm\n\nstruct Node {\n  x: f32,\n  y: f32,\n  vx: f32,\n  vy: f32,\n  fx: f32,\n  fy: f32,\n  strength: f32,\n  radius: f32,\n}\n\nstruct Params {\n  alpha: f32,\n  velocityDecay: f32,\n  nodeCount: u32,\n  linkCount: u32,\n  centerX: f32,\n  centerY: f32,\n  centerStrength: f32,\n  theta2: f32,\n  distanceMin2: f32,\n  distanceMax2: f32,\n  iterations: u32,\n  collisionRadius: f32,\n  collisionStrength: f32,\n  collisionIterations: u32,\n  forceXTarget: f32,\n  forceXStrength: f32,\n  forceYTarget: f32,\n  forceYStrength: f32,\n  radialX: f32,\n  radialY: f32,\n  radialRadius: f32,\n  radialStrength: f32,\n  _pad1: f32,\n  _pad2: f32,\n}\n\n@group(0) @binding(0) var<storage, read_write> nodes: array<Node>;\n@group(0) @binding(1) var<uniform> params: Params;\n\nconst TILE_SIZE: u32 = 256u;\nvar<workgroup> tile: array<vec4<f32>, 256>;\n\nfn jiggle(seed: u32) -> f32 {\n  let s = (seed * 1103515245u + 12345u) & 0x7fffffffu;\n  return (f32(s) / f32(0x7fffffff) - 0.5) * 1e-6;\n}\n\n@compute @workgroup_size(256)\nfn main(\n  @builtin(global_invocation_id) global_id: vec3<u32>,\n  @builtin(local_invocation_id) local_id: vec3<u32>,\n  @builtin(workgroup_id) workgroup_id: vec3<u32>\n) {\n  let i = global_id.x;\n  let nodeCount = params.nodeCount;\n  let isValid = i < nodeCount;\n\n  // Load node data (use defaults for out-of-bounds threads)\n  var myPos = vec2<f32>(0.0, 0.0);\n  var myVx: f32 = 0.0;\n  var myVy: f32 = 0.0;\n\n  if (isValid) {\n    let node = nodes[i];\n    myPos = vec2<f32>(node.x, node.y);\n    myVx = node.vx;\n    myVy = node.vy;\n  }\n\n  var forceX: f32 = 0.0;\n  var forceY: f32 = 0.0;\n\n  let alpha = params.alpha;\n  let distanceMin2 = params.distanceMin2;\n  let distanceMax2 = params.distanceMax2;\n\n  let numTiles = (nodeCount + TILE_SIZE - 1u) / TILE_SIZE;\n\n  for (var t: u32 = 0u; t < numTiles; t++) {\n    // All threads participate in loading the tile\n    let tileIdx = t * TILE_SIZE + local_id.x;\n    if (tileIdx < nodeCount) {\n      let other = nodes[tileIdx];\n      tile[local_id.x] = vec4<f32>(other.x, other.y, other.strength, 0.0);\n    } else {\n      tile[local_id.x] = vec4<f32>(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);\n    }\n\n    // All threads must hit this barrier\n    workgroupBarrier();\n\n    // Only valid threads compute forces\n    if (isValid) {\n      let tileEnd = min(TILE_SIZE, nodeCount - t * TILE_SIZE);\n      for (var j: u32 = 0u; j < tileEnd; j++) {\n        let otherIdx = t * TILE_SIZE + j;\n        if (otherIdx != i) {\n          let other = tile[j];\n          var dx = other.x - myPos.x;\n          var dy = other.y - myPos.y;\n          var l2 = dx * dx + dy * dy;\n\n          if (l2 < distanceMax2) {\n            if (dx == 0.0) {\n              dx = jiggle(i * nodeCount + otherIdx);\n              l2 += dx * dx;\n            }\n            if (dy == 0.0) {\n              dy = jiggle(i * nodeCount + otherIdx + 1u);\n              l2 += dy * dy;\n            }\n\n            if (l2 < distanceMin2) {\n              l2 = sqrt(distanceMin2 * l2);\n            }\n\n            let strength = other.z;\n            let force = strength * alpha / l2;\n\n            forceX += dx * force;\n            forceY += dy * force;\n          }\n        }\n      }\n    }\n\n    // All threads must hit this barrier\n    workgroupBarrier();\n  }\n\n  // Only valid threads write results\n  if (isValid) {\n    nodes[i].vx = myVx + forceX;\n    nodes[i].vy = myVy + forceY;\n  }\n}\n",_="\n// Link Force Compute Shader\n\nstruct Node {\n  x: f32,\n  y: f32,\n  vx: f32,\n  vy: f32,\n  fx: f32,\n  fy: f32,\n  strength: f32,\n  radius: f32,\n}\n\nstruct Link {\n  sourceIdx: f32,\n  targetIdx: f32,\n  distance: f32,\n  strength: f32,\n  bias: f32,\n  _pad1: f32,\n  _pad2: f32,\n  _pad3: f32,\n}\n\nstruct Params {\n  alpha: f32,\n  velocityDecay: f32,\n  nodeCount: u32,\n  linkCount: u32,\n  centerX: f32,\n  centerY: f32,\n  centerStrength: f32,\n  theta2: f32,\n  distanceMin2: f32,\n  distanceMax2: f32,\n  iterations: u32,\n  collisionRadius: f32,\n  collisionStrength: f32,\n  collisionIterations: u32,\n  forceXTarget: f32,\n  forceXStrength: f32,\n  forceYTarget: f32,\n  forceYStrength: f32,\n  radialX: f32,\n  radialY: f32,\n  radialRadius: f32,\n  radialStrength: f32,\n  _pad1: f32,\n  _pad2: f32,\n}\n\n@group(0) @binding(0) var<storage, read_write> nodes: array<Node>;\n@group(0) @binding(1) var<storage, read> links: array<Link>;\n@group(0) @binding(2) var<uniform> params: Params;\n\nfn jiggle(seed: u32) -> f32 {\n  let s = (seed * 1103515245u + 12345u) & 0x7fffffffu;\n  return (f32(s) / f32(0x7fffffff) - 0.5) * 1e-6;\n}\n\n@compute @workgroup_size(256)\nfn main(\n  @builtin(global_invocation_id) global_id: vec3<u32>\n) {\n  let nodeIdx = global_id.x;\n  let nodeCount = params.nodeCount;\n  let linkCount = params.linkCount;\n  let alpha = params.alpha;\n\n  if (nodeIdx >= nodeCount) {\n    return;\n  }\n\n  let node = nodes[nodeIdx];\n  var dvx: f32 = 0.0;\n  var dvy: f32 = 0.0;\n\n  for (var i: u32 = 0u; i < linkCount; i++) {\n    let link = links[i];\n    let sourceIdx = u32(link.sourceIdx);\n    let targetIdx = u32(link.targetIdx);\n\n    if (sourceIdx != nodeIdx && targetIdx != nodeIdx) {\n      continue;\n    }\n\n    let srcNode = nodes[sourceIdx];\n    let dstNode = nodes[targetIdx];\n\n    var dx = dstNode.x + dstNode.vx - srcNode.x - srcNode.vx;\n    var dy = dstNode.y + dstNode.vy - srcNode.y - srcNode.vy;\n\n    if (dx == 0.0 && dy == 0.0) {\n      dx = jiggle(i * 2u);\n      dy = jiggle(i * 2u + 1u);\n    }\n\n    let l = sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);\n    let force = (l - link.distance) / l * alpha * link.strength;\n    let fx = dx * force;\n    let fy = dy * force;\n\n    if (nodeIdx == targetIdx) {\n      dvx -= fx * link.bias;\n      dvy -= fy * link.bias;\n    } else {\n      dvx += fx * (1.0 - link.bias);\n      dvy += fy * (1.0 - link.bias);\n    }\n  }\n\n  nodes[nodeIdx].vx = node.vx + dvx;\n  nodes[nodeIdx].vy = node.vy + dvy;\n}\n",P="\n// Position Integration Compute Shader\n\nstruct Node {\n  x: f32,\n  y: f32,\n  vx: f32,\n  vy: f32,\n  fx: f32,\n  fy: f32,\n  strength: f32,\n  radius: f32,\n}\n\nstruct Params {\n  alpha: f32,\n  velocityDecay: f32,\n  nodeCount: u32,\n  linkCount: u32,\n  centerX: f32,\n  centerY: f32,\n  centerStrength: f32,\n  theta2: f32,\n  distanceMin2: f32,\n  distanceMax2: f32,\n  iterations: u32,\n  collisionRadius: f32,\n  collisionStrength: f32,\n  collisionIterations: u32,\n  forceXTarget: f32,\n  forceXStrength: f32,\n  forceYTarget: f32,\n  forceYStrength: f32,\n  radialX: f32,\n  radialY: f32,\n  radialRadius: f32,\n  radialStrength: f32,\n  _pad1: f32,\n  _pad2: f32,\n}\n\n@group(0) @binding(0) var<storage, read_write> nodes: array<Node>;\n@group(0) @binding(1) var<uniform> params: Params;\n\nfn isNaN(v: f32) -> bool {\n  return !(v == v);\n}\n\n@compute @workgroup_size(256)\nfn main(\n  @builtin(global_invocation_id) global_id: vec3<u32>\n) {\n  let i = global_id.x;\n  let nodeCount = params.nodeCount;\n\n  if (i >= nodeCount) {\n    return;\n  }\n\n  var node = nodes[i];\n  let velocityDecay = params.velocityDecay;\n\n  if (isNaN(node.fx)) {\n    node.vx = node.vx * velocityDecay;\n    node.x = node.x + node.vx;\n  } else {\n    node.x = node.fx;\n    node.vx = 0.0;\n  }\n\n  if (isNaN(node.fy)) {\n    node.vy = node.vy * velocityDecay;\n    node.y = node.y + node.vy;\n  } else {\n    node.y = node.fy;\n    node.vy = 0.0;\n  }\n\n  nodes[i] = node;\n}\n",M="\n// Collision Force Compute Shader\n\nstruct Node {\n  x: f32,\n  y: f32,\n  vx: f32,\n  vy: f32,\n  fx: f32,\n  fy: f32,\n  strength: f32,\n  radius: f32,\n}\n\nstruct Params {\n  alpha: f32,\n  velocityDecay: f32,\n  nodeCount: u32,\n  linkCount: u32,\n  centerX: f32,\n  centerY: f32,\n  centerStrength: f32,\n  theta2: f32,\n  distanceMin2: f32,\n  distanceMax2: f32,\n  iterations: u32,\n  collisionRadius: f32,\n  collisionStrength: f32,\n  collisionIterations: u32,\n  forceXTarget: f32,\n  forceXStrength: f32,\n  forceYTarget: f32,\n  forceYStrength: f32,\n  radialX: f32,\n  radialY: f32,\n  radialRadius: f32,\n  radialStrength: f32,\n  _pad1: f32,\n  _pad2: f32,\n}\n\n@group(0) @binding(0) var<storage, read_write> nodes: array<Node>;\n@group(0) @binding(1) var<uniform> params: Params;\n\nconst TILE_SIZE: u32 = 256u;\nvar<workgroup> tile: array<vec4<f32>, 256>;\n\nfn jiggle(seed: u32) -> f32 {\n  let s = (seed * 1103515245u + 12345u) & 0x7fffffffu;\n  return (f32(s) / f32(0x7fffffff) - 0.5) * 1e-6;\n}\n\n@compute @workgroup_size(256)\nfn main(\n  @builtin(global_invocation_id) global_id: vec3<u32>,\n  @builtin(local_invocation_id) local_id: vec3<u32>\n) {\n  let i = global_id.x;\n  let nodeCount = params.nodeCount;\n  let isValid = i < nodeCount;\n\n  // Load node data (use defaults for out-of-bounds threads)\n  var myX: f32 = 0.0;\n  var myY: f32 = 0.0;\n  var myRadius: f32 = 0.0;\n  var myVx: f32 = 0.0;\n  var myVy: f32 = 0.0;\n\n  if (isValid) {\n    let node = nodes[i];\n    myX = node.x;\n    myY = node.y;\n    myRadius = node.radius;\n    myVx = node.vx;\n    myVy = node.vy;\n  }\n\n  var dvx: f32 = 0.0;\n  var dvy: f32 = 0.0;\n\n  let strength = params.collisionStrength;\n  let numTiles = (nodeCount + TILE_SIZE - 1u) / TILE_SIZE;\n\n  for (var t: u32 = 0u; t < numTiles; t++) {\n    // All threads participate in loading the tile\n    let tileIdx = t * TILE_SIZE + local_id.x;\n    if (tileIdx < nodeCount) {\n      let other = nodes[tileIdx];\n      tile[local_id.x] = vec4<f32>(other.x, other.y, other.radius, 0.0);\n    } else {\n      tile[local_id.x] = vec4<f32>(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);\n    }\n\n    // All threads must hit this barrier\n    workgroupBarrier();\n\n    // Only valid threads compute collisions\n    if (isValid) {\n      let tileEnd = min(TILE_SIZE, nodeCount - t * TILE_SIZE);\n      for (var j: u32 = 0u; j < tileEnd; j++) {\n        let otherIdx = t * TILE_SIZE + j;\n        if (otherIdx != i) {\n          let other = tile[j];\n          let otherRadius = other.z;\n          let combinedRadius = myRadius + otherRadius;\n\n          var dx = myX - other.x;\n          var dy = myY - other.y;\n          var l2 = dx * dx + dy * dy;\n          let minDist2 = combinedRadius * combinedRadius;\n\n          if (l2 < minDist2) {\n            if (dx == 0.0) {\n              dx = jiggle(min(i, otherIdx) * nodeCount + max(i, otherIdx));\n              l2 += dx * dx;\n            }\n            if (dy == 0.0) {\n              dy = jiggle(min(i, otherIdx) * nodeCount + max(i, otherIdx) + 1u);\n              l2 += dy * dy;\n            }\n\n            let l = sqrt(l2);\n            let overlap = combinedRadius - l;\n\n            let totalRadius = myRadius + otherRadius;\n            let myWeight = otherRadius / totalRadius;\n\n            let impulse = overlap * strength * 0.5;\n            let nx = dx / l;\n            let ny = dy / l;\n\n            dvx += nx * impulse * myWeight;\n            dvy += ny * impulse * myWeight;\n          }\n        }\n      }\n    }\n\n    // All threads must hit this barrier\n    workgroupBarrier();\n  }\n\n  // Only valid threads write results\n  if (isValid) {\n    nodes[i].vx = myVx + dvx;\n    nodes[i].vy = myVy + dvy;\n  }\n}\n",C="\n// X-Positioning Force Compute Shader\n// Pushes nodes toward a target x position\n\nstruct Node {\n  x: f32,\n  y: f32,\n  vx: f32,\n  vy: f32,\n  fx: f32,\n  fy: f32,\n  strength: f32,\n  radius: f32,\n}\n\nstruct Params {\n  alpha: f32,\n  velocityDecay: f32,\n  nodeCount: u32,\n  linkCount: u32,\n  centerX: f32,\n  centerY: f32,\n  centerStrength: f32,\n  theta2: f32,\n  distanceMin2: f32,\n  distanceMax2: f32,\n  iterations: u32,\n  collisionRadius: f32,\n  collisionStrength: f32,\n  collisionIterations: u32,\n  forceXTarget: f32,\n  forceXStrength: f32,\n  forceYTarget: f32,\n  forceYStrength: f32,\n  radialX: f32,\n  radialY: f32,\n  radialRadius: f32,\n  radialStrength: f32,\n  _pad1: f32,\n  _pad2: f32,\n}\n\n@group(0) @binding(0) var<storage, read_write> nodes: array<Node>;\n@group(0) @binding(1) var<uniform> params: Params;\n\n@compute @workgroup_size(256)\nfn main(@builtin(global_invocation_id) global_id: vec3<u32>) {\n  let i = global_id.x;\n  if (i >= params.nodeCount) {\n    return;\n  }\n\n  let node = nodes[i];\n  let alpha = params.alpha;\n  let targetX = params.forceXTarget;\n  let strength = params.forceXStrength;\n\n  let dx = targetX - node.x;\n  nodes[i].vx = node.vx + dx * strength * alpha;\n}\n",I="\n// Y-Positioning Force Compute Shader\n// Pushes nodes toward a target y position\n\nstruct Node {\n  x: f32,\n  y: f32,\n  vx: f32,\n  vy: f32,\n  fx: f32,\n  fy: f32,\n  strength: f32,\n  radius: f32,\n}\n\nstruct Params {\n  alpha: f32,\n  velocityDecay: f32,\n  nodeCount: u32,\n  linkCount: u32,\n  centerX: f32,\n  centerY: f32,\n  centerStrength: f32,\n  theta2: f32,\n  distanceMin2: f32,\n  distanceMax2: f32,\n  iterations: u32,\n  collisionRadius: f32,\n  collisionStrength: f32,\n  collisionIterations: u32,\n  forceXTarget: f32,\n  forceXStrength: f32,\n  forceYTarget: f32,\n  forceYStrength: f32,\n  radialX: f32,\n  radialY: f32,\n  radialRadius: f32,\n  radialStrength: f32,\n  _pad1: f32,\n  _pad2: f32,\n}\n\n@group(0) @binding(0) var<storage, read_write> nodes: array<Node>;\n@group(0) @binding(1) var<uniform> params: Params;\n\n@compute @workgroup_size(256)\nfn main(@builtin(global_invocation_id) global_id: vec3<u32>) {\n  let i = global_id.x;\n  if (i >= params.nodeCount) {\n    return;\n  }\n\n  let node = nodes[i];\n  let alpha = params.alpha;\n  let targetY = params.forceYTarget;\n  let strength = params.forceYStrength;\n\n  let dy = targetY - node.y;\n  nodes[i].vy = node.vy + dy * strength * alpha;\n}\n",N="\n// Radial Force Compute Shader\n// Pushes nodes toward a target radius from a center point\n\nstruct Node {\n  x: f32,\n  y: f32,\n  vx: f32,\n  vy: f32,\n  fx: f32,\n  fy: f32,\n  strength: f32,\n  radius: f32,\n}\n\nstruct Params {\n  alpha: f32,\n  velocityDecay: f32,\n  nodeCount: u32,\n  linkCount: u32,\n  centerX: f32,\n  centerY: f32,\n  centerStrength: f32,\n  theta2: f32,\n  distanceMin2: f32,\n  distanceMax2: f32,\n  iterations: u32,\n  collisionRadius: 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