cs-mpx-dataservice/www/tests.js

MPX Dataservices

(function e(t,n,r){function s(o,u){if(!n[o]){if(!t[o]){var a=typeof require=="function"&&require;if(!u&&a)return a(o,!0);if(i)return i(o,!0);var f=new Error("Cannot find module '"+o+"'");throw f.code="MODULE_NOT_FOUND",f}var l=n[o]={exports:{}};t[o][0].call(l.exports,function(e){var n=t[o][1][e];return s(n?n:e)},l,l.exports,e,t,n,r)}return n[o].exports}var i=typeof require=="function"&&require;for(var o=0;o<r.length;o++)s(r[o]);return s})({1:[function(require,module,exports){
/**
 * Created by paul.rangel on 6/10/15.
 */

module.exports =  function(res, url) {
        var err;
        if (res.responseCode == 401 || res.responseCode == 403) {
            err = {
                code:res.responseCode,
                message:"Your security token is expired or invalid. Please login to MPX again.",
                url:url
            };
        }
        else if (res.responseCode === 422) {
            err = {
                code:res.responseCode,
                message: res.description,
                url:url
            };
        }
        else {
            err = {
                code:res.responseCode,
                message:'Unable to connect to Registry Service.',
                url:url
            };
        }
        return err;
    };

},{}],2:[function(require,module,exports){
/**
 * Created by paul.rangel on 4/29/15.
 */

var extend = require('extend');

module.exports = {
    create : function(service, schema, suffix, params) {
        var endpoint = {
            service: service,
            schema: schema,
            suffix: suffix,
            postMethod: 'Flash',
            putMethod: 'Flash',
            deleteMethod: 'Get',
            webMethod: 'Flash'
        };
        if (params) {
            extend(endpoint, params);
        }
        return endpoint;
    },
    createDataService : function(service, schema, objectType) {
        return this.create(service, schema, '/data/' + objectType, {objectType: objectType});
    }
};
},{"extend":52}],3:[function(require,module,exports){
var q = require("q");
var rawGet = require("./rawGet");
var generateParams = require("./generateParams");
// todo move this to its own module
var Endpoint = require("./endpoint");
var FlashPostBridge = require('../lib/flashPostBridge');

var extend = require('extend');
var R = require('ramda');

var _token, _account, _generateParams;


var _getAll = function(endpoint, params, notify) {
    var deferred = q.defer();
    var entries = [];

    var _count = null;

    function innerLoadData(start, end) {
        _getAllWithRange(endpoint, start + '-' + end, params).then (function(data) {
            R.forEach(function(entry) {
                entries.push(entry);
            }, data);
            if (_count) {
                // lets notify every 2 pages?
                if (end % 1000 == 0) {
                    deferred.notify({'start':start, 'end':end, count:_count});
                }
            }
            if (data && data.length == 500) {
                innerLoadData(start + 500, end + 500);
            }
            else {
                deferred.resolve(entries);
            }
        }, function(error) {
            deferred.reject(error);
        })
    }

    if (notify) {
        _getCount(endpoint, params).then(function(count) {
            _count = count;
            innerLoadData(1, 500);
        }, function(error) {
            deferred.reject(error);
        });
    }
    else {
        innerLoadData(1, 500);
    }

    return deferred.promise;
};

var _getAllWithRange = function(endpoint, range, params) {
    return _getFeedEntries(endpoint.url, _generateParams(endpoint, {'range':range}, params));
};

var _getFeedEntries = function(url, params) {
    var deferred = q.defer();

    rawGet(url, params).then(function(data) {
        deferred.resolve(data.entries);
    }, function(error) {
        deferred.reject(error);
    });

    return deferred.promise;
};

var _getCount = function(endpoint, params) {
    params = _generateParams(endpoint, params);
    params = extend(params, {count: 'true', entries:'false'});
    var deferred = q.defer();

    rawGet(endpoint.url, params).then(function(data) {
        deferred.resolve(data.totalResults);
    }, function(error) {
        deferred.reject(error);
    });

    return deferred.promise;
};

var _getByIds = function(endpoint, ids, params) {
    if (!ids || ids.length == 0)
    {
        var deferred = q.defer();
        deferred.resolve([]);
        return deferred.promise;
    }

    // with a get by ids, we are going to use a modified url to do comma based get by ids
    var url = ids[0];

    var arrayLength = ids.length;
    // trick the data service into always returning a feed instead of an entry when one id is asked for
    for (var i = arrayLength == 1 ? 0 : 1; i < arrayLength; i++) {
        url += "," + ids[i].substring(ids[i].lastIndexOf('/') + 1);
    }

    return _getFeedEntries(url, _generateParams(endpoint, params));
};


var _postDataViaFlash = function(endpoint, data, fields) {
    var url = endpoint.url + "?schema=" + endpoint.schema + "&form=cjson&token=" + _token + "&account=" + _account;
    if (fields) {
        url += "&fields=" + fields;
    }
    return FlashPostBridge.post(url, data);
};

var _putDataViaFlash = function(endpoint, data) {
    var url = endpoint.url + "?schema=" + endpoint.schema + "&form=cjson&token=" + _token + "&account=" + _account;
    return FlashPostBridge.put(url, data)
};

module.exports = {
    init : function(account, token, postingBridge) {
        _account = account;
        _token = token;
        _generateParams = generateParams(token, account);
        FlashPostBridge.init(postingBridge);
    },
    Endpoint : Endpoint,
    getAccountId : function() {
        return _account;
    },
    getFeed: function(endpoint, params) {
        return rawGet(endpoint.url, _generateParams(endpoint, params));
    },
    getAll : function(endpoint, params, notify) {
        return _getAll(endpoint, params, notify);
    },
    getById : function(endpoint, id, params) {
        return rawGet(id, _generateParams(endpoint, params));
    },
    getByIds : function(endpoint, ids, params) {
        return _getByIds(endpoint, ids, params);
    },
    getCount : function(endpoint, params) {
        return _getCount(endpoint, params);
    },
    getAllWithRange: function(endpoint, range, params) {
        return _getAllWithRange(endpoint, range, params);
    },
    post : function(endpoint, data, fields) {
        switch (endpoint.postMethod) {
            case "Flash":
                return _postDataViaFlash(endpoint, data, fields);
            case "Get":
                return rawGet(endpoint.url, _generateParams(endpoint, {'method':'post'}, data));
            case "Cors":
                //todo
                return null;
            default:
                return _postDataViaFlash(endpoint, data);
        }
    },
    put : function(endpoint, data) {
        console.log("endpoint.putMethod: ",endpoint.putMethod);
        switch (endpoint.putMethod) {
            case "Flash":
                return _putDataViaFlash(endpoint, data);
            case "Get":
                return rawGet(endpoint.url, _generateParams(endpoint, {'method':'put'}, data));
            case "Cors":
                //todo
                return null;
            default:
                return _putDataViaFlash(endpoint, data);
        }
    },
    remove : function(endpoint, id) {
        switch (endpoint.deleteMethod) {
            case "Flash":
                //return _deleteIdViaFlash(endpoint, id);
            case "Get":
                return rawGet(id, _generateParams(endpoint, {'method':'delete'}));
            case "Cors":
                // todo
                return null;
            default:
                return rawGet(id, _generateParams(endpoint, {'method':'delete'}));
        }
    }
};
},{"../lib/flashPostBridge":5,"./endpoint":4,"./generateParams":6,"./rawGet":8,"extend":52,"q":59,"ramda":60}],4:[function(require,module,exports){
/**
 * Created by paul.rangel on 4/27/15.
 *
 * Based on the endpoint service from Tim Barker in the NBCNews Scheduler UI project see
 * //depot/ConsultingServices/Customers/NBCNews/SchedulerUI/main/js/services/endpoint.js
 *
 */

var q = require("q");
var rawGet = require("./rawGet");
var parseResolveDomainResponse = require("./parseResolveDomainResponse");
var resolveRegistryDomainUrl = require("./resolveRegistryDomainUrl");
var createEndpoint = require("./createEndpoint");

var _account, _token, _endpoints = {}, _registryServiceSchema = '1.1', _initialized = false;

var _load = function() {
    var deferred = q.defer();

    var params = {
        'schema' : _registryServiceSchema,
        'form' : 'json',
        'token' : _token,
        'account': _account,
        '_accountId' : _account
    };

    var url = resolveRegistryDomainUrl(undefined, _account);
    rawGet(url, params).then(function(data) {

        if (data.hasOwnProperty('resolveDomainResponse')) {
            var registry = data['resolveDomainResponse'];

            var endpoints = parseResolveDomainResponse(registry, _endpoints);
            if(!endpoints) {
                deferred.reject({code:0, message:'Unable to connect to Registry Service.', url:url})
            } else {
                _initialized = true;
                deferred.resolve(endpoints);
            }
        } else {
            deferred.reject({code:0, message:'Unable to connect to Registry Service.', url:url})
        }

    }, function(error) {
        deferred.reject(error);
    });

    return deferred.promise;
};

module.exports =  {
        init : function(account, token) {
            _account = account;
            _token = token;
            return _load();
        },
        register : function(name, service, schema, suffix, params) {
            _endpoints[name] = createEndpoint.create(service, schema, suffix, params);
        },
        registerDataService: function(name, service, schema, objectType) {
            _endpoints[name] = createEndpoint.createDataService(service, schema, objectType);
        },
        getEndpoint : function(endpoint) {
            if(endpoint in _endpoints) {
                return _endpoints[endpoint];
            }
        },
        getEndpoints : function() {
            return _endpoints;
        }
    };

},{"./createEndpoint":2,"./parseResolveDomainResponse":7,"./rawGet":8,"./resolveRegistryDomainUrl":9,"q":59}],5:[function(require,module,exports){
/**
 * Created by paul.rangel on 6/10/15.
 */

var q = require("q");
var uid =require('muid');
var R = require("ramda");
var GenerateError = require("./GenerateError");

var _config = {
    path : "/swf/FlashPostingBridge.swf",
    name : "FlashPostingBridge"
}, _flash;


var _getTemplate = function() {
    var t = "" +
        "<object id=\"{{ bridgeName }}\" name=\"{{ bridgeName }}\" type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" data=\"{{ bridgePath }}\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\">" +
        "<param name=\"movie\" value=\"{{ bridgePath }}\"/>" +
        "<param name=\"allowscriptaccess\" value=\"always\"/>" +
        "</object>";
    return t;
};

var _addFlashObject = function() {
    var d = document.createElement("div");
    d.id = "tpFlashPostingBridge";
    var t = _getTemplate();
    t = t.replace(/{{ bridgePath }}/gi, _config.path);
    t = t.replace(/{{ bridgeName }}/gi, _config.name);
    d.innerHTML = t;
    document.querySelector("body").appendChild(d);
};

var _post = function(url, body, contentType, isPost) {
    var deferred = q.defer();
    var random_name = _config.name+"_"+uid(25);
    window[random_name+"_success"] = function(data) {
        if(data.isException) {
            deferred.reject(GenerateError(data, url));
        } else {
            deferred.resolve(data);
        }
        _cleanWindowFunctions(random_name);
    };

    window[random_name+"_fail"] = function(msg) {

        deferred.reject(msg);
        _cleanWindowFunctions(random_name);
    };
    // NOTE we should convert body object to a string here since AS3 borks it
    if(R.is(Object,body))  {
        body = JSON.stringify(body);
    }
    if(_flash)
        _flash.post(url, body, random_name+"_success", random_name+"_fail", contentType, true);
    else
        deferred.reject("Flash is not initialized");
    return deferred.promise;
};

var _cleanWindowFunctions = function(random_name) {
    delete window[random_name+"_success"];
    delete window[random_name+"_fail"];
};

var _init = function() {
    var traceFunctionName = uid(20)+"_trace";
    _flash.setLogCallback(traceFunctionName);
    window[traceFunctionName] = function(msg) {
        'console' in window && console.log("%c trace: %o","background-color: salmon;",msg);
    };
};

module.exports = {
    init : function(config) {
        var deferred = q.defer();
        _config = R.merge(_config, config);
        _addFlashObject();
        window.tpFlashPostingBridgeReady = function() {
            var flashNameToQuery = _config.name;
            if(_config.name.search(/^\.|#/) == -1)
                flashNameToQuery = "#"+flashNameToQuery
            _flash = document.querySelector(flashNameToQuery);
            _init();
            deferred.resolve();
        };
        return deferred.promise;
    },
    post : function(url, body, contentType) {
        contentType = contentType || "text/json";
        return _post(url, body, contentType, true);
    },
    put : function(url, body, contentType) {
        contentType = contentType || "text/json";
        return _post(url, body, contentType, false);
    },
    log : function(message) {
        if(_flash) {
            _flash.callLog(message);
        }
    }

};
},{"./GenerateError":1,"muid":57,"q":59,"ramda":60}],6:[function(require,module,exports){
/**
 * Created by paul.rangel on 4/27/15.
 */

var objectAssign = require('object-assign');

module.exports = function generateParams(token, account) {

    return function() {

        if(arguments.length <= 0) {
            throw new Error("generateParams: Endpoint not set or wrong number of args");
        }
        var endpoint = arguments[0];
        if(!endpoint.hasOwnProperty("schema")) {
            throw new Error("generateParams: First object is not an endpoint");
        }

        var params = {
            'schema' : endpoint.schema,
            'form' : 'cjson',
            'token' : token,
            'account' : account
        };

        for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
            if (arguments[i]) {
                objectAssign(params, arguments[i]);
            }
        }
        return params;
    }

};

},{"object-assign":58}],7:[function(require,module,exports){
/**
 * Created by paul.rangel on 4/29/15.
 */

var R = require('ramda');

module.exports = function(registry, endpoints ) {
    var missingRegistryEntries = [];
    endpoints = R.mapObj(function(endpoint) {

        var  serviceUrl = R.prop(endpoint.service)(registry);

        if(serviceUrl) {
            endpoint.baseUrl = serviceUrl;
            endpoint.url = serviceUrl + endpoint.suffix;
            endpoint.notifyUrl = serviceUrl + '/notify';
        } else {
            missingRegistryEntries.push(endpoint);
        }
        return endpoint;
    }, endpoints);
    if (missingRegistryEntries.length > 0) {
        console.log('Missing registry entries for ', JSON.stringify(missingRegistryEntries, null, 2));
        return null;
    }

    return endpoints;
};
},{"ramda":60}],8:[function(require,module,exports){
/**
 * Created by paul.rangel on 4/27/15.
 */

var q = require("q");
var jsonp = require("jsonp");
var querystring = require("querystring");
var GenerateError = require("./GenerateError");

module.exports = function (url, params) {
    var deferred = q.defer();
    url += (url.indexOf('?') === -1)? "?" : "";
    url += querystring.stringify(params);

    var cancel = jsonp(url, { timeout: 9000}, function(err, res) {
        if(res) {
            if (res.isException) {
                deferred.reject(GenerateError(res, url))
            } else {
                deferred.resolve(res);
            }
        }
        if(err) {
            var msg = "Request: "+url+" failed with: ";
            if(err && err.message) {
                msg += err.message;
            }
            deferred.reject(msg);
        }
    });
    return deferred.promise;
};
},{"./GenerateError":1,"jsonp":53,"q":59,"querystring":17}],9:[function(require,module,exports){
/**
 * Created by paul.rangel on 4/28/15.
 */

var _registryServiceSuffix = 'web/Registry/resolveDomain',
    _defaultRegistryBaseUrl = 'http://access.auth.theplatform.com';

var _endsWith = function(str, suffix) {
    return str && suffix && str.indexOf(suffix, str.length - suffix.length) !== -1;
};

module.exports = function(accessServiceUrl, account) {
    var baseUrl;
    if (accessServiceUrl) {
        baseUrl = accessServiceUrl;
    }
    else if (account && account.indexOf('/data/Account') !== -1) {
        baseUrl = account.substr(0, account.indexOf('/data/Account'));
    }
    else {
        baseUrl = _defaultRegistryBaseUrl;
    }
    if (!_endsWith(baseUrl, '/')) {
        baseUrl += '/';
    }
    //todo check against a known list of good urls?
    return baseUrl + _registryServiceSuffix;
};
},{}],10:[function(require,module,exports){
/*!
 * The buffer module from node.js, for the browser.
 *
 * @author   Feross Aboukhadijeh <feross@feross.org> <http://feross.org>
 * @license  MIT
 */

var base64 = require('base64-js')
var ieee754 = require('ieee754')
var isArray = require('is-array')

exports.Buffer = Buffer
exports.SlowBuffer = SlowBuffer
exports.INSPECT_MAX_BYTES = 50
Buffer.poolSize = 8192 // not used by this implementation

var kMaxLength = 0x3fffffff
var rootParent = {}

/**
 * If `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT`:
 *   === true    Use Uint8Array implementation (fastest)
 *   === false   Use Object implementation (most compatible, even IE6)
 *
 * Browsers that support typed arrays are IE 10+, Firefox 4+, Chrome 7+, Safari 5.1+,
 * Opera 11.6+, iOS 4.2+.
 *
 * Note:
 *
 * - Implementation must support adding new properties to `Uint8Array` instances.
 *   Firefox 4-29 lacked support, fixed in Firefox 30+.
 *   See: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=695438.
 *
 *  - Chrome 9-10 is missing the `TypedArray.prototype.subarray` function.
 *
 *  - IE10 has a broken `TypedArray.prototype.subarray` function which returns arrays of
 *    incorrect length in some situations.
 *
 * We detect these buggy browsers and set `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT` to `false` so they will
 * get the Object implementation, which is slower but will work correctly.
 */
Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT = (function () {
  try {
    var buf = new ArrayBuffer(0)
    var arr = new Uint8Array(buf)
    arr.foo = function () { return 42 }
    return arr.foo() === 42 && // typed array instances can be augmented
        typeof arr.subarray === 'function' && // chrome 9-10 lack `subarray`
        new Uint8Array(1).subarray(1, 1).byteLength === 0 // ie10 has broken `subarray`
  } catch (e) {
    return false
  }
})()

/**
 * Class: Buffer
 * =============
 *
 * The Buffer constructor returns instances of `Uint8Array` that are augmented
 * with function properties for all the node `Buffer` API functions. We use
 * `Uint8Array` so that square bracket notation works as expected -- it returns
 * a single octet.
 *
 * By augmenting the instances, we can avoid modifying the `Uint8Array`
 * prototype.
 */
function Buffer (arg) {
  if (!(this instanceof Buffer)) {
    // Avoid going through an ArgumentsAdaptorTrampoline in the common case.
    if (arguments.length > 1) return new Buffer(arg, arguments[1])
    return new Buffer(arg)
  }

  this.length = 0
  this.parent = undefined

  // Common case.
  if (typeof arg === 'number') {
    return fromNumber(this, arg)
  }

  // Slightly less common case.
  if (typeof arg === 'string') {
    return fromString(this, arg, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : 'utf8')
  }

  // Unusual.
  return fromObject(this, arg)
}

function fromNumber (that, length) {
  that = allocate(that, length < 0 ? 0 : checked(length) | 0)
  if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      that[i] = 0
    }
  }
  return that
}

function fromString (that, string, encoding) {
  if (typeof encoding !== 'string' || encoding === '') encoding = 'utf8'

  // Assumption: byteLength() return value is always < kMaxLength.
  var length = byteLength(string, encoding) | 0
  that = allocate(that, length)

  that.write(string, encoding)
  return that
}

function fromObject (that, object) {
  if (Buffer.isBuffer(object)) return fromBuffer(that, object)

  if (isArray(object)) return fromArray(that, object)

  if (object == null) {
    throw new TypeError('must start with number, buffer, array or string')
  }

  if (typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' && object.buffer instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
    return fromTypedArray(that, object)
  }

  if (object.length) return fromArrayLike(that, object)

  return fromJsonObject(that, object)
}

function fromBuffer (that, buffer) {
  var length = checked(buffer.length) | 0
  that = allocate(that, length)
  buffer.copy(that, 0, 0, length)
  return that
}

function fromArray (that, array) {
  var length = checked(array.length) | 0
  that = allocate(that, length)
  for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
    that[i] = array[i] & 255
  }
  return that
}

// Duplicate of fromArray() to keep fromArray() monomorphic.
function fromTypedArray (that, array) {
  var length = checked(array.length) | 0
  that = allocate(that, length)
  // Truncating the elements is probably not what people expect from typed
  // arrays with BYTES_PER_ELEMENT > 1 but it's compatible with the behavior
  // of the old Buffer constructor.
  for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
    that[i] = array[i] & 255
  }
  return that
}

function fromArrayLike (that, array) {
  var length = checked(array.length) | 0
  that = allocate(that, length)
  for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
    that[i] = array[i] & 255
  }
  return that
}

// Deserialize { type: 'Buffer', data: [1,2,3,...] } into a Buffer object.
// Returns a zero-length buffer for inputs that don't conform to the spec.
function fromJsonObject (that, object) {
  var array
  var length = 0

  if (object.type === 'Buffer' && isArray(object.data)) {
    array = object.data
    length = checked(array.length) | 0
  }
  that = allocate(that, length)

  for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
    that[i] = array[i] & 255
  }
  return that
}

function allocate (that, length) {
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance, for best performance
    that = Buffer._augment(new Uint8Array(length))
  } else {
    // Fallback: Return an object instance of the Buffer class
    that.length = length
    that._isBuffer = true
  }

  var fromPool = length !== 0 && length <= Buffer.poolSize >>> 1
  if (fromPool) that.parent = rootParent

  return that
}

function checked (length) {
  // Note: cannot use `length < kMaxLength` here because that fails when
  // length is NaN (which is otherwise coerced to zero.)
  if (length >= kMaxLength) {
    throw new RangeError('Attempt to allocate Buffer larger than maximum ' +
                         'size: 0x' + kMaxLength.toString(16) + ' bytes')
  }
  return length | 0
}

function SlowBuffer (subject, encoding) {
  if (!(this instanceof SlowBuffer)) return new SlowBuffer(subject, encoding)

  var buf = new Buffer(subject, encoding)
  delete buf.parent
  return buf
}

Buffer.isBuffer = function isBuffer (b) {
  return !!(b != null && b._isBuffer)
}

Buffer.compare = function compare (a, b) {
  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(a) || !Buffer.isBuffer(b)) {
    throw new TypeError('Arguments must be Buffers')
  }

  if (a === b) return 0

  var x = a.length
  var y = b.length

  var i = 0
  var len = Math.min(x, y)
  while (i < len) {
    if (a[i] !== b[i]) break

    ++i
  }

  if (i !== len) {
    x = a[i]
    y = b[i]
  }

  if (x < y) return -1
  if (y < x) return 1
  return 0
}

Buffer.isEncoding = function isEncoding (encoding) {
  switch (String(encoding).toLowerCase()) {
    case 'hex':
    case 'utf8':
    case 'utf-8':
    case 'ascii':
    case 'binary':
    case 'base64':
    case 'raw':
    case 'ucs2':
    case 'ucs-2':
    case 'utf16le':
    case 'utf-16le':
      return true
    default:
      return false
  }
}

Buffer.concat = function concat (list, length) {
  if (!isArray(list)) throw new TypeError('list argument must be an Array of Buffers.')

  if (list.length === 0) {
    return new Buffer(0)
  } else if (list.length === 1) {
    return list[0]
  }

  var i
  if (length === undefined) {
    length = 0
    for (i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
      length += list[i].length
    }
  }

  var buf = new Buffer(length)
  var pos = 0
  for (i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
    var item = list[i]
    item.copy(buf, pos)
    pos += item.length
  }
  return buf
}

function byteLength (string, encoding) {
  if (typeof string !== 'string') string = String(string)

  if (string.length === 0) return 0

  switch (encoding || 'utf8') {
    case 'ascii':
    case 'binary':
    case 'raw':
      return string.length
    case 'ucs2':
    case 'ucs-2':
    case 'utf16le':
    case 'utf-16le':
      return string.length * 2
    case 'hex':
      return string.length >>> 1
    case 'utf8':
    case 'utf-8':
      return utf8ToBytes(string).length
    case 'base64':
      return base64ToBytes(string).length
    default:
      return string.length
  }
}
Buffer.byteLength = byteLength

// pre-set for values that may exist in the future
Buffer.prototype.length = undefined
Buffer.prototype.parent = undefined

// toString(encoding, start=0, end=buffer.length)
Buffer.prototype.toString = function toString (encoding, start, end) {
  var loweredCase = false

  start = start | 0
  end = end === undefined || end === Infinity ? this.length : end | 0

  if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8'
  if (start < 0) start = 0
  if (end > this.length) end = this.length
  if (end <= start) return ''

  while (true) {
    switch (encoding) {
      case 'hex':
        return hexSlice(this, start, end)

      case 'utf8':
      case 'utf-8':
        return utf8Slice(this, start, end)

      case 'ascii':
        return asciiSlice(this, start, end)

      case 'binary':
        return binarySlice(this, start, end)

      case 'base64':
        return base64Slice(this, start, end)

      case 'ucs2':
      case 'ucs-2':
      case 'utf16le':
      case 'utf-16le':
        return utf16leSlice(this, start, end)

      default:
        if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
        encoding = (encoding + '').toLowerCase()
        loweredCase = true
    }
  }
}

Buffer.prototype.equals = function equals (b) {
  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(b)) throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
  if (this === b) return true
  return Buffer.compare(this, b) === 0
}

Buffer.prototype.inspect = function inspect () {
  var str = ''
  var max = exports.INSPECT_MAX_BYTES
  if (this.length > 0) {
    str = this.toString('hex', 0, max).match(/.{2}/g).join(' ')
    if (this.length > max) str += ' ... '
  }
  return '<Buffer ' + str + '>'
}

Buffer.prototype.compare = function compare (b) {
  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(b)) throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
  if (this === b) return 0
  return Buffer.compare(this, b)
}

Buffer.prototype.indexOf = function indexOf (val, byteOffset) {
  if (byteOffset > 0x7fffffff) byteOffset = 0x7fffffff
  else if (byteOffset < -0x80000000) byteOffset = -0x80000000
  byteOffset >>= 0

  if (this.length === 0) return -1
  if (byteOffset >= this.length) return -1

  // Negative offsets start from the end of the buffer
  if (byteOffset < 0) byteOffset = Math.max(this.length + byteOffset, 0)

  if (typeof val === 'string') {
    if (val.length === 0) return -1 // special case: looking for empty string always fails
    return String.prototype.indexOf.call(this, val, byteOffset)
  }
  if (Buffer.isBuffer(val)) {
    return arrayIndexOf(this, val, byteOffset)
  }
  if (typeof val === 'number') {
    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT && Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf === 'function') {
      return Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf.call(this, val, byteOffset)
    }
    return arrayIndexOf(this, [ val ], byteOffset)
  }

  function arrayIndexOf (arr, val, byteOffset) {
    var foundIndex = -1
    for (var i = 0; byteOffset + i < arr.length; i++) {
      if (arr[byteOffset + i] === val[foundIndex === -1 ? 0 : i - foundIndex]) {
        if (foundIndex === -1) foundIndex = i
        if (i - foundIndex + 1 === val.length) return byteOffset + foundIndex
      } else {
        foundIndex = -1
      }
    }
    return -1
  }

  throw new TypeError('val must be string, number or Buffer')
}

// `get` will be removed in Node 0.13+
Buffer.prototype.get = function get (offset) {
  console.log('.get() is deprecated. Access using array indexes instead.')
  return this.readUInt8(offset)
}

// `set` will be removed in Node 0.13+
Buffer.prototype.set = function set (v, offset) {
  console.log('.set() is deprecated. Access using array indexes instead.')
  return this.writeUInt8(v, offset)
}

function hexWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
  offset = Number(offset) || 0
  var remaining = buf.length - offset
  if (!length) {
    length = remaining
  } else {
    length = Number(length)
    if (length > remaining) {
      length = remaining
    }
  }

  // must be an even number of digits
  var strLen = string.length
  if (strLen % 2 !== 0) throw new Error('Invalid hex string')

  if (length > strLen / 2) {
    length = strLen / 2
  }
  for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    var parsed = parseInt(string.substr(i * 2, 2), 16)
    if (isNaN(parsed)) throw new Error('Invalid hex string')
    buf[offset + i] = parsed
  }
  return i
}

function utf8Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
  return blitBuffer(utf8ToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length)
}

function asciiWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
  return blitBuffer(asciiToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
}

function binaryWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
  return asciiWrite(buf, string, offset, length)
}

function base64Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
  return blitBuffer(base64ToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
}

function ucs2Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
  return blitBuffer(utf16leToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length)
}

Buffer.prototype.write = function write (string, offset, length, encoding) {
  // Buffer#write(string)
  if (offset === undefined) {
    encoding = 'utf8'
    length = this.length
    offset = 0
  // Buffer#write(string, encoding)
  } else if (length === undefined && typeof offset === 'string') {
    encoding = offset
    length = this.length
    offset = 0
  // Buffer#write(string, offset[, length][, encoding])
  } else if (isFinite(offset)) {
    offset = offset | 0
    if (isFinite(length)) {
      length = length | 0
      if (encoding === undefined) encoding = 'utf8'
    } else {
      encoding = length
      length = undefined
    }
  // legacy write(string, encoding, offset, length) - remove in v0.13
  } else {
    var swap = encoding
    encoding = offset
    offset = length | 0
    length = swap
  }

  var remaining = this.length - offset
  if (length === undefined || length > remaining) length = remaining

  if ((string.length > 0 && (length < 0 || offset < 0)) || offset > this.length) {
    throw new RangeError('attempt to write outside buffer bounds')
  }

  if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8'

  var loweredCase = false
  for (;;) {
    switch (encoding) {
      case 'hex':
        return hexWrite(this, string, offset, length)

      case 'utf8':
      case 'utf-8':
        return utf8Write(this, string, offset, length)

      case 'ascii':
        return asciiWrite(this, string, offset, length)

      case 'binary':
        return binaryWrite(this, string, offset, length)

      case 'base64':
        // Warning: maxLength not taken into account in base64Write
        return base64Write(this, string, offset, length)

      case 'ucs2':
      case 'ucs-2':
      case 'utf16le':
      case 'utf-16le':
        return ucs2Write(this, string, offset, length)

      default:
        if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
        encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase()
        loweredCase = true
    }
  }
}

Buffer.prototype.toJSON = function toJSON () {
  return {
    type: 'Buffer',
    data: Array.prototype.slice.call(this._arr || this, 0)
  }
}

function base64Slice (buf, start, end) {
  if (start === 0 && end === buf.length) {
    return base64.fromByteArray(buf)
  } else {
    return base64.fromByteArray(buf.slice(start, end))
  }
}

function utf8Slice (buf, start, end) {
  var res = ''
  var tmp = ''
  end = Math.min(buf.length, end)

  for (var i = start; i < end; i++) {
    if (buf[i] <= 0x7F) {
      res += decodeUtf8Char(tmp) + String.fromCharCode(buf[i])
      tmp = ''
    } else {
      tmp += '%' + buf[i].toString(16)
    }
  }

  return res + decodeUtf8Char(tmp)
}

function asciiSlice (buf, start, end) {
  var ret = ''
  end = Math.min(buf.length, end)

  for (var i = start; i < end; i++) {
    ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i] & 0x7F)
  }
  return ret
}

function binarySlice (buf, start, end) {
  var ret = ''
  end = Math.min(buf.length, end)

  for (var i = start; i < end; i++) {
    ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i])
  }
  return ret
}

function hexSlice (buf, start, end) {
  var len = buf.length

  if (!start || start < 0) start = 0
  if (!end || end < 0 || end > len) end = len

  var out = ''
  for (var i = start; i < end; i++) {
    out += toHex(buf[i])
  }
  return out
}

function utf16leSlice (buf, start, end) {
  var bytes = buf.slice(start, end)
  var res = ''
  for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 2) {
    res += String.fromCharCode(bytes[i] + bytes[i + 1] * 256)
  }
  return res
}

Buffer.prototype.slice = function slice (start, end) {
  var len = this.length
  start = ~~start
  end = end === undefined ? len : ~~end

  if (start < 0) {
    start += len
    if (start < 0) start = 0
  } else if (start > len) {
    start = len
  }

  if (end < 0) {
    end += len
    if (end < 0) end = 0
  } else if (end > len) {
    end = len
  }

  if (end < start) end = start

  var newBuf
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    newBuf = Buffer._augment(this.subarray(start, end))
  } else {
    var sliceLen = end - start
    newBuf = new Buffer(sliceLen, undefined)
    for (var i = 0; i < sliceLen; i++) {
      newBuf[i] = this[i + start]
    }
  }

  if (newBuf.length) newBuf.parent = this.parent || this

  return newBuf
}

/*
 * Need to make sure that buffer isn't trying to write out of bounds.
 */
function checkOffset (offset, ext, length) {
  if ((offset % 1) !== 0 || offset < 0) throw new RangeError('offset is not uint')
  if (offset + ext > length) throw new RangeError('Trying to access beyond buffer length')
}

Buffer.prototype.readUIntLE = function readUIntLE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  offset = offset | 0
  byteLength = byteLength | 0
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)

  var val = this[offset]
  var mul = 1
  var i = 0
  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    val += this[offset + i] * mul
  }

  return val
}

Buffer.prototype.readUIntBE = function readUIntBE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  offset = offset | 0
  byteLength = byteLength | 0
  if (!noAssert) {
    checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)
  }

  var val = this[offset + --byteLength]
  var mul = 1
  while (byteLength > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    val += this[offset + --byteLength] * mul
  }

  return val
}

Buffer.prototype.readUInt8 = function readUInt8 (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length)
  return this[offset]
}

Buffer.prototype.readUInt16LE = function readUInt16LE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
  return this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8)
}

Buffer.prototype.readUInt16BE = function readUInt16BE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
  return (this[offset] << 8) | this[offset + 1]
}

Buffer.prototype.readUInt32LE = function readUInt32LE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)

  return ((this[offset]) |
      (this[offset + 1] << 8) |
      (this[offset + 2] << 16)) +
      (this[offset + 3] * 0x1000000)
}

Buffer.prototype.readUInt32BE = function readUInt32BE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)

  return (this[offset] * 0x1000000) +
    ((this[offset + 1] << 16) |
    (this[offset + 2] << 8) |
    this[offset + 3])
}

Buffer.prototype.readIntLE = function readIntLE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  offset = offset | 0
  byteLength = byteLength | 0
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)

  var val = this[offset]
  var mul = 1
  var i = 0
  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    val += this[offset + i] * mul
  }
  mul *= 0x80

  if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength)

  return val
}

Buffer.prototype.readIntBE = function readIntBE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  offset = offset | 0
  byteLength = byteLength | 0
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length)

  var i = byteLength
  var mul = 1
  var val = this[offset + --i]
  while (i > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    val += this[offset + --i] * mul
  }
  mul *= 0x80

  if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength)

  return val
}

Buffer.prototype.readInt8 = function readInt8 (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length)
  if (!(this[offset] & 0x80)) return (this[offset])
  return ((0xff - this[offset] + 1) * -1)
}

Buffer.prototype.readInt16LE = function readInt16LE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
  var val = this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8)
  return (val & 0x8000) ? val | 0xFFFF0000 : val
}

Buffer.prototype.readInt16BE = function readInt16BE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length)
  var val = this[offset + 1] | (this[offset] << 8)
  return (val & 0x8000) ? val | 0xFFFF0000 : val
}

Buffer.prototype.readInt32LE = function readInt32LE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)

  return (this[offset]) |
    (this[offset + 1] << 8) |
    (this[offset + 2] << 16) |
    (this[offset + 3] << 24)
}

Buffer.prototype.readInt32BE = function readInt32BE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)

  return (this[offset] << 24) |
    (this[offset + 1] << 16) |
    (this[offset + 2] << 8) |
    (this[offset + 3])
}

Buffer.prototype.readFloatLE = function readFloatLE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
  return ieee754.read(this, offset, true, 23, 4)
}

Buffer.prototype.readFloatBE = function readFloatBE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length)
  return ieee754.read(this, offset, false, 23, 4)
}

Buffer.prototype.readDoubleLE = function readDoubleLE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length)
  return ieee754.read(this, offset, true, 52, 8)
}

Buffer.prototype.readDoubleBE = function readDoubleBE (offset, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length)
  return ieee754.read(this, offset, false, 52, 8)
}

function checkInt (buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(buf)) throw new TypeError('buffer must be a Buffer instance')
  if (value > max || value < min) throw new RangeError('value is out of bounds')
  if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('index out of range')
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUIntLE = function writeUIntLE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  value = +value
  offset = offset | 0
  byteLength = byteLength | 0
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength), 0)

  var mul = 1
  var i = 0
  this[offset] = value & 0xFF
  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xFF
  }

  return offset + byteLength
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUIntBE = function writeUIntBE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  value = +value
  offset = offset | 0
  byteLength = byteLength | 0
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength), 0)

  var i = byteLength - 1
  var mul = 1
  this[offset + i] = value & 0xFF
  while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xFF
  }

  return offset + byteLength
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUInt8 = function writeUInt8 (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value
  offset = offset | 0
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0xff, 0)
  if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) value = Math.floor(value)
  this[offset] = value
  return offset + 1
}

function objectWriteUInt16 (buf, value, offset, littleEndian) {
  if (value < 0) value = 0xffff + value + 1
  for (var i = 0, j = Math.min(buf.length - offset, 2); i < j; i++) {
    buf[offset + i] = (value & (0xff << (8 * (littleEndian ? i : 1 - i)))) >>>
      (littleEndian ? i : 1 - i) * 8
  }
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16LE = function writeUInt16LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value
  offset = offset | 0
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0)
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset] = value
    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, true)
  }
  return offset + 2
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16BE = function writeUInt16BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value
  offset = offset | 0
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0)
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset] = (value >>> 8)
    this[offset + 1] = value
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, false)
  }
  return offset + 2
}

function objectWriteUInt32 (buf, value, offset, littleEndian) {
  if (value < 0) value = 0xffffffff + value + 1
  for (var i = 0, j = Math.min(buf.length - offset, 4); i < j; i++) {
    buf[offset + i] = (value >>> (littleEndian ? i : 3 - i) * 8) & 0xff
  }
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32LE = function writeUInt32LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value
  offset = offset | 0
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0)
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset + 3] = (value >>> 24)
    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 16)
    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
    this[offset] = value
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, true)
  }
  return offset + 4
}

Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32BE = function writeUInt32BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value
  offset = offset | 0
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0)
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset] = (value >>> 24)
    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 16)
    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 8)
    this[offset + 3] = value
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, false)
  }
  return offset + 4
}

Buffer.prototype.writeIntLE = function writeIntLE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  value = +value
  offset = offset | 0
  if (!noAssert) {
    var limit = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength - 1)

    checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit)
  }

  var i = 0
  var mul = 1
  var sub = value < 0 ? 1 : 0
  this[offset] = value & 0xFF
  while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    this[offset + i] = ((value / mul) >> 0) - sub & 0xFF
  }

  return offset + byteLength
}

Buffer.prototype.writeIntBE = function writeIntBE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
  value = +value
  offset = offset | 0
  if (!noAssert) {
    var limit = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength - 1)

    checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit)
  }

  var i = byteLength - 1
  var mul = 1
  var sub = value < 0 ? 1 : 0
  this[offset + i] = value & 0xFF
  while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
    this[offset + i] = ((value / mul) >> 0) - sub & 0xFF
  }

  return offset + byteLength
}

Buffer.prototype.writeInt8 = function writeInt8 (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value
  offset = offset | 0
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0x7f, -0x80)
  if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) value = Math.floor(value)
  if (value < 0) value = 0xff + value + 1
  this[offset] = value
  return offset + 1
}

Buffer.prototype.writeInt16LE = function writeInt16LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value
  offset = offset | 0
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -0x8000)
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset] = value
    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, true)
  }
  return offset + 2
}

Buffer.prototype.writeInt16BE = function writeInt16BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value
  offset = offset | 0
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -0x8000)
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset] = (value >>> 8)
    this[offset + 1] = value
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, false)
  }
  return offset + 2
}

Buffer.prototype.writeInt32LE = function writeInt32LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value
  offset = offset | 0
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000)
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset] = value
    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8)
    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 16)
    this[offset + 3] = (value >>> 24)
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, true)
  }
  return offset + 4
}

Buffer.prototype.writeInt32BE = function writeInt32BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  value = +value
  offset = offset | 0
  if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000)
  if (value < 0) value = 0xffffffff + value + 1
  if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    this[offset] = (value >>> 24)
    this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 16)
    this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 8)
    this[offset + 3] = value
  } else {
    objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, false)
  }
  return offset + 4
}

function checkIEEE754 (buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
  if (value > max || value < min) throw new RangeError('value is out of bounds')
  if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('index out of range')
  if (offset < 0) throw new RangeError('index out of range')
}

function writeFloat (buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) {
    checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, 4, 3.4028234663852886e+38, -3.4028234663852886e+38)
  }
  ieee754.write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 23, 4)
  return offset + 4
}

Buffer.prototype.writeFloatLE = function writeFloatLE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  return writeFloat(this, value, offset, true, noAssert)
}

Buffer.prototype.writeFloatBE = function writeFloatBE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  return writeFloat(this, value, offset, false, noAssert)
}

function writeDouble (buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
  if (!noAssert) {
    checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, 8, 1.7976931348623157E+308, -1.7976931348623157E+308)
  }
  ieee754.write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 52, 8)
  return offset + 8
}

Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleLE = function writeDoubleLE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  return writeDouble(this, value, offset, true, noAssert)
}

Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleBE = function writeDoubleBE (value, offset, noAssert) {
  return writeDouble(this, value, offset, false, noAssert)
}

// copy(targetBuffer, targetStart=0, sourceStart=0, sourceEnd=buffer.length)
Buffer.prototype.copy = function copy (target, targetStart, start, end) {
  if (!start) start = 0
  if (!end && end !== 0) end = this.length
  if (targetStart >= target.length) targetStart = target.length
  if (!targetStart) targetStart = 0
  if (end > 0 && end < start) end = start

  // Copy 0 bytes; we're done
  if (end === start) return 0
  if (target.length === 0 || this.length === 0) return 0

  // Fatal error conditions
  if (targetStart < 0) {
    throw new RangeError('targetStart out of bounds')
  }
  if (start < 0 || start >= this.length) throw new RangeError('sourceStart out of bounds')
  if (end < 0) throw new RangeError('sourceEnd out of bounds')

  // Are we oob?
  if (end > this.length) end = this.length
  if (target.length - targetStart < end - start) {
    end = target.length - targetStart + start
  }

  var len = end - start

  if (len < 1000 || !Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
    for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
      target[i + targetStart] = this[i + start]
    }
  } else {
    target._set(this.subarray(start, start + len), targetStart)
  }

  return len
}

// fill(value, start=0, end=buffer.length)
Buffer.prototype.fill = function fill (value, start, end) {
  if (!value) value = 0
  if (!start) start = 0
  if (!end) end = this.length

  if (end < start) throw new RangeError('end < start')

  // Fill 0 bytes; we're done
  if (end === start) return
  if (this.length === 0) return

  if (start < 0 || start >= this.length) throw new RangeError('start out of bounds')
  if (end < 0 || end > this.length) throw new RangeError('end out of bounds')

  var i
  if (typeof value === 'number') {
    for (i = start; i < end; i++) {
      this[i] = value
    }
  } else {
    var bytes = utf8ToBytes(value.toString())
    var len = bytes.length
    for (i = start; i < end; i++) {
      this[i] = bytes[i % len]
    }
  }

  return this
}

/**
 * Creates a new `ArrayBuffer` with the *copied* memory of the buffer instance.
 * Added in Node 0.12. Only available in browsers that support ArrayBuffer.
 */
Buffer.prototype.toArrayBuffer = function toArrayBuffer () {
  if (typeof Uint8Array !== 'undefined') {
    if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {