common-allergies-js

[ { "id": "penicillin-021", "name": "Penicillin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives", "Itching", "Swelling of the face, lips, or tongue", "Difficulty breathing", "Anaphylaxis" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other penicillin-related antibiotics (amoxicillin, ampicillin)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Around 10% of people report a penicillin allergy, but less than 1% are truly allergic" }, "medicalName": "Penicillin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test", "Oral challenge"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antibiotics, desensitization in some cases" }, { "id": "aspirin-022", "name": "Aspirin", "type": "Medication", "category": "NSAID", "commonSymptoms": [ "Hives", "Swelling of the face, lips, or tongue", "Runny nose", "Asthma symptoms (wheezing, shortness of breath)", "Anaphylaxis" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other NSAIDs (ibuprofen, naproxen)"], "prevalence": { "adults with asthma": "Higher prevalence" }, "medicalName": "Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) or Aspirin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Oral challenge"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative pain relievers" }, { "id": "sulfa-drugs-023", "name": "Sulfa Drugs", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic/Other", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives", "Itching", "Fever", "Difficulty breathing", "Anaphylaxis (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Some other medications containing a sulfonamide group"], "prevalence": { "general": "Around 3% of the population" }, "medicalName": "Sulfonamide allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "amoxicillin-024", "name": "Amoxicillin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives", "Itching", "Swelling", "Difficulty breathing" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other penicillins and cephalosporins (in some cases)"], "prevalence": { "children": "Common" }, "medicalName": "Amoxicillin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test", "Oral challenge"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antibiotics" }, { "id": "cephalosporins-025", "name": "Cephalosporins (e.g., Cephalexin, Cefuroxime)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives", "Itching", "Swelling", "Anaphylaxis (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other cephalosporins, penicillins (less common)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Around 1-3%" }, "medicalName": "Cephalosporin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test", "Oral challenge"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antibiotics" }, { "id": "trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-026", "name": "Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives", "Fever", "Severe skin reactions (Stevens-Johnson syndrome)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other sulfa drugs"], "prevalence": { "general": "Relatively common" }, "medicalName": "Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antibiotics" }, { "id": "tetracycline-027", "name": "Tetracycline", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives", "Itching", "Photosensitivity" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other tetracyclines"], "prevalence": { "general": "Less common than other antibiotics" }, "medicalName": "Tetracycline allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antibiotics" }, { "id": "erythromycin-028", "name": "Erythromycin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives", "Gastrointestinal upset" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other macrolides (azithromycin, clarithromycin) - less common"], "prevalence": { "general": "Relatively uncommon" }, "medicalName": "Erythromycin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antibiotics" }, { "id": "ciprofloxacin-029", "name": "Ciprofloxacin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives", "Itching" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin, ofloxacin) - less common"], "prevalence": { "general": "Uncommon" }, "medicalName": "Ciprofloxacin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antibiotics" }, { "id": "ibuprofen-030", "name": "Ibuprofen", "type": "Medication", "category": "NSAID", "commonSymptoms": [ "Hives", "Swelling", "Asthma symptoms" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other NSAIDs (aspirin, naproxen)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Less common than aspirin allergy" }, "medicalName": "Ibuprofen allergy", "testingMethods": ["Oral challenge"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative pain relievers" }, { "id": "naproxen-031", "name": "Naproxen", "type": "Medication", "category": "NSAID", "commonSymptoms": [ "Hives", "Swelling", "Asthma symptoms" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other NSAIDs (aspirin, ibuprofen)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Less common than aspirin allergy" }, "medicalName": "Naproxen allergy", "testingMethods": ["Oral challenge"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative pain relievers" }, { "id": "codeine-032", "name": "Codeine", "type": "Medication", "category": "Opioid Analgesic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Hives", "Itching", "Nausea", "Constipation (not necessarily allergic)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other opioids (morphine, oxycodone) - less common for true allergy"], "prevalence": { "general": "Reactions are often non-allergic (histamine release)" }, "medicalName": "Codeine allergy (true allergy is rare)", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative pain relievers" }, { "id": "morphine-033", "name": "Morphine", "type": "Medication", "category": "Opioid Analgesic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Hives", "Itching", "Hypotension", "Anaphylaxis (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other opioids (codeine, oxycodone) - less common for true allergy"], "prevalence": { "general": "True allergy is rare" }, "medicalName": "Morphine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test (sometimes)"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative pain relievers" }, { "id": "oxycodone-034", "name": "Oxycodone", "type": "Medication", "category": "Opioid Analgesic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Hives", "Itching" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other opioids (codeine, morphine) - less common for true allergy"], "prevalence": { "general": "True allergy is rare" }, "medicalName": "Oxycodone allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative pain relievers" }, { "id": "lidocaine-035", "name": "Lidocaine", "type": "Medication", "category": "Local Anesthetic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives", "Swelling" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other amide-type local anesthetics (bupivacaine, prilocaine) - rare"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare; reactions are often due to preservatives or epinephrine" }, "medicalName": "Lidocaine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative local anesthetics" }, { "id": "procaine-036", "name": "Procaine", "type": "Medication", "category": "Local Anesthetic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives", "Swelling", "Anaphylaxis (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other ester-type local anesthetics (benzocaine, tetracaine)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare" }, "medicalName": "Procaine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative local anesthetics" }, { "id": "insulin-037", "name": "Insulin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Hormone", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash at injection site", "Itching", "Swelling", "Anaphylaxis (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Different types of insulin (animal vs. human vs. analog)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare with modern insulin preparations" }, "medicalName": "Insulin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative insulin types, desensitization" }, { "id": "vaccines-038", "name": "Vaccines (Specific Components like Egg Protein, Gelatin)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Vaccine", "commonSymptoms": [ "Hives", "Swelling", "Difficulty breathing", "Anaphylaxis (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other vaccines containing the same component"], "prevalence": { "general": "varies by component" }, "medicalName": "Vaccine component allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test"], "treatment": "Avoidance of specific vaccines, use of alternative formulations" }, { "id": "iodinated-contrast-media-039", "name": "Iodinated Contrast Media", "type": "Medication", "category": "Radiographic Agent", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives", "Swelling", "Difficulty breathing", "Anaphylaxis" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other iodinated contrast media"], "prevalence": { "general": "Around 1-3%" }, "medicalName": "Iodinated contrast media allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test (limited predictive value)"], "treatment": "Avoidance, premedication with antihistamines and steroids" }, { "id": "latex-medical-devices-040", "name": "Latex (in Medical Devices)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Medical Device Component", "commonSymptoms": [ "Hives", "Itching", "Swelling", "Difficulty breathing", "Anaphylaxis" ], "crossReactivity": ["Certain fruits (avocado, banana, kiwi)"], "prevalence": { "healthcare workers, individuals with spina bifida": "Higher prevalence" }, "medicalName": "Latex allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test", "Blood test"], "treatment": "Avoidance of latex-containing medical devices" }, { "id": "muscle-relaxants-041", "name": "Neuromuscular Blocking Agents (e.g., Succinylcholine, Rocuronium)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Anesthetic Adjunct", "commonSymptoms": [ "Hives", "Swelling", "Bronchospasm", "Hypotension", "Anaphylaxis" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other neuromuscular blocking agents"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare" }, "medicalName": "Neuromuscular blocking agent allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative muscle relaxants" }, { "id": "chlorhexidine-042", "name": "Chlorhexidine", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antiseptic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives", "Swelling", "Difficulty breathing", "Anaphylaxis" ], "crossReactivity": ["None well-established"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare, but increasing" }, "medicalName": "Chlorhexidine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antiseptics" }, { "id": "protamine-043", "name": "Protamine", "type": "Medication", "category": "Heparin Antagonist", "commonSymptoms": [ "Hypotension", "Bradycardia", "Bronchospasm", "Anaphylaxis" ], "crossReactivity": ["Fish allergy (in some cases)"], "prevalence": { "individuals with fish allergy or prior protamine exposure": "Higher risk" }, "medicalName": "Protamine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test"], "treatment": "Avoidance, slow administration if necessary" }, { "id": "heparin-044", "name": "Heparin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Anticoagulant", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives", "Anaphylaxis (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Low molecular weight heparins (enoxaparin, dalteparin) - possible"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare" }, "medicalName": "Heparin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative anticoagulants" }, { "id": "warfarin-045", "name": "Warfarin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Anticoagulant", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Itching (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["None well-established"], "prevalence": { "general": "Very rare" }, "medicalName": "Warfarin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative anticoagulants" }, { "id": "ACE-inhibitors-046", "name": "ACE Inhibitors (e.g., Lisinopril, Enalapril)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antihypertensive", "commonSymptoms": [ "Angioedema (swelling of the face, lips, tongue)", "Cough (common side effect, not always allergy)", "Skin rash (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other ACE inhibitors"], "prevalence": { "angioedema": "0.1-0.7%" }, "medicalName": "ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema/allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antihypertensives" }, { "id": "ARBs-047", "name": "Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) (e.g., Losartan, Valsartan)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antihypertensive", "commonSymptoms": [ "Angioedema (less common than with ACE inhibitors)", "Skin rash (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other ARBs"], "prevalence": { "angioedema": "Less frequent than with ACE inhibitors" }, "medicalName": "ARB-induced angioedema/allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antihypertensives" }, { "id": "beta-blockers-048", "name": "Beta-Blockers (e.g., Metoprolol, Atenolol)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antihypertensive/Other", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other beta-blockers"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare" }, "medicalName": "Beta-blocker allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "statins-049", "name": "Statins (e.g., Atorvastatin, Simvastatin)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Cholesterol-Lowering", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Itching (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other statins (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare" }, "medicalName": "Statin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative cholesterol-lowering medications" }, { "id": "proton-pump-inhibitors-050", "name": "Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) (e.g., Omeprazole, Pantoprazole)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Gastrointestinal", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Itching (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other PPIs (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare" }, "medicalName": "PPI allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "antacids-051", "name": "Antacids (Specific Ingredients)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Gastrointestinal", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Depends on the specific ingredient"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare" }, "medicalName": "Antacid allergy (specific ingredient)", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance of specific ingredients" }, { "id": "laxatives-052", "name": "Laxatives (Specific Ingredients)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Gastrointestinal", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Itching (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Depends on the specific ingredient"], "prevalence": { "general": "Very rare" }, "medicalName": "Laxative allergy (specific ingredient)", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance of specific ingredients" }, { "id": "antihistamines-053", "name": "Antihistamines (e.g., Diphenhydramine, Cetirizine)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Allergy/Cold", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other antihistamines (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare" }, "medicalName": "Antihistamine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antihistamines" }, { "id": "decongestants-054", "name": "Decongestants (e.g., Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Allergy/Cold", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other decongestants (rare)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Very rare" }, "medicalName": "Decongestant allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "cough-suppressants-055", "name": "Cough Suppressants (e.g., Dextromethorphan)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Allergy/Cold", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (very rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other cough suppressants (very rare)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Extremely rare" }, "medicalName": "Cough suppressant allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "antifungals-056", "name": "Antifungals (e.g., Fluconazole, Ketoconazole)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antifungal", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives", "Itching" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other azole antifungals (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare" }, "medicalName": "Antifungal allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antifungals" }, { "id": "antivirals-057", "name": "Antivirals (e.g., Acyclovir, Oseltamivir)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antiviral", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other antivirals (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare" }, "medicalName": "Antiviral allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antivirals" }, { "id": "antidepressants-058", "name": "Antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs, SNRIs, Tricyclics)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Psychiatric", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Itching (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other antidepressants within the same class (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare" }, "medicalName": "Antidepressant allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antidepressants" }, { "id": "antipsychotics-059", "name": "Antipsychotics (e.g., Haloperidol, Risperidone)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Psychiatric", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other antipsychotics (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Very rare" }, "medicalName": "Antipsychotic allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antipsychotics" }, { "id": "anticonvulsants-060", "name": "Anticonvulsants (e.g., Phenytoin, Carbamazepine)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Neurologic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (can be severe)", "Stevens-Johnson syndrome" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other anticonvulsants (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare, but serious" }, "medicalName": "Anticonvulsant allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative anticonvulsants" }, { "id": "thyroid-hormone-061", "name": "Thyroid Hormone (Levothyroxine)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Endocrine", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (very rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other thyroid hormone preparations (very rare)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Extremely rare" }, "medicalName": "Levothyroxine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative preparations" }, { "id": "corticosteroids-062", "name": "Corticosteroids (e.g., Prednisone, Hydrocortisone)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Anti-inflammatory", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other corticosteroids (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare" }, "medicalName": "Corticosteroid allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test (sometimes)"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative anti-inflammatory medications" }, { "id": "monoclonal-antibodies-063", "name": "Monoclonal Antibodies (e.g., Infliximab, Adalimumab)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Biologic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Infusion reactions (rash, fever, chills)", "Anaphylaxis (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other monoclonal antibodies (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "varies by specific drug" }, "medicalName": "Monoclonal antibody allergy/infusion reaction", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Slowing infusion rate, premedication, alternative biologics" }, { "id": "chemotherapy-drugs-064", "name": "Chemotherapy Drugs (Specific Agents)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Oncology", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives", "Anaphylaxis" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other chemotherapy agents (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "varies by specific drug" }, "medicalName": "Chemotherapy drug allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test (sometimes)"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative chemotherapy regimens, desensitization" }, { "id": "local-anesthetics-preservatives-065", "name": "Preservatives in Local Anesthetics (e.g., Parabens)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Local Anesthetic Component", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Swelling" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other preservatives"], "prevalence": { "general": "More common than allergy to the anesthetic itself" }, "medicalName": "Preservative allergy in local anesthetics", "testingMethods": ["Skin test"], "treatment": "Use of preservative-free formulations" }, { "id": "opioids-codeine-derivatives-066", "name": "Opioids - Codeine Derivatives (e.g., Hydrocodone)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Opioid Analgesic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Hives", "Itching" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other codeine-related opioids"], "prevalence": { "general": "True allergy is rare" }, "medicalName": "Hydrocodone allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative pain relievers" }, { "id": "opioids-morphine-derivatives-067", "name": "Opioids - Morphine Derivatives (e.g., Hydromorphone)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Opioid Analgesic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Hives", "Itching" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other morphine-related opioids"], "prevalence": { "general": "True allergy is rare" }, "medicalName": "Hydromorphone allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative pain relievers" }, { "id": "opioids-fentanyl-derivatives-068", "name": "Opioids - Fentanyl Derivatives (e.g., Tramadol)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Opioid Analgesic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Hives", "Itching" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other fentanyl-related opioids"], "prevalence": { "general": "True allergy is rare" }, "medicalName": "Tramadol allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative pain relievers" }, { "id": "penicillins-broad-spectrum-069", "name": "Penicillins - Broad Spectrum (e.g., Ampicillin)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other penicillins"], "prevalence": { "general": "Similar to penicillin allergy" }, "medicalName": "Ampicillin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test", "Oral challenge"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antibiotics" }, { "id": "penicillins-penicillinase-resistant-070", "name": "Penicillins - Penicillinase-Resistant (e.g., Dicloxacillin)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other penicillins"], "prevalence": { "general": "Similar to penicillin allergy" }, "medicalName": "Dicloxacillin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test", "Oral challenge"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antibiotics" }, { "id": "macrolides-azithromycin-071", "name": "Macrolides - Azithromycin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin) - less common"], "prevalence": { "general": "Uncommon" }, "medicalName": "Azithromycin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antibiotics" }, { "id": "macrolides-clarithromycin-072", "name": "Macrolides - Clarithromycin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other macrolides (erythromycin, azithromycin) - less common"], "prevalence": { "general": "Uncommon" }, "medicalName": "Clarithromycin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antibiotics" }, { "id": "sulfonamides-non-antibiotic-073", "name": "Sulfonamides - Non-Antibiotic (e.g., Furosemide, Thiazide Diuretics)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Diuretic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Photosensitivity" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other non-antibiotic sulfonamides - less clear"], "prevalence": { "general": "Less common than antibiotic sulfa allergy" }, "medicalName": "Non-antibiotic sulfonamide allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative diuretics" }, { "id": "quinolones-levofloxacin-074", "name": "Quinolones - Levofloxacin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin) - less common"], "prevalence": { "general": "Uncommon" }, "medicalName": "Levofloxacin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antibiotics" }, { "id": "glycopeptides-vancomycin-075", "name": "Glycopeptides - Vancomycin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Red man syndrome (flushing, rash, itching - often non-allergic)", "True allergic reactions are rare" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other glycopeptides (teicoplanin) - rare"], "prevalence": { "general": "True allergy is rare" }, "medicalName": "Vancomycin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance (if true allergy), slower infusion for red man syndrome" }, { "id": "aminoglycosides-gentamicin-076", "name": "Aminoglycosides - Gentamicin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other aminoglycosides (tobramycin, amikacin) - rare"], "prevalence": { "general": "Very rare" }, "medicalName": "Gentamicin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antibiotics" }, { "id": "carbapenems-imipenem-077", "name": "Carbapenems - Imipenem", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Hives" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other carbapenems (meropenem, ertapenem)", "Penicillins (possible)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare" }, "medicalName": "Imipenem allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antibiotics" }, { "id": "glyburide-078", "name": "Glyburide", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antidiabetic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other sulfonylureas (glipizide, glimepiride)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Very rare" }, "medicalName": "Glyburide allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antidiabetic medications" }, { "id": "metformin-079", "name": "Metformin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antidiabetic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (very rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["None well-established"], "prevalence": { "general": "Extremely rare" }, "medicalName": "Metformin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antidiabetic medications" }, { "id": "salicylates-other-than-aspirin-080", "name": "Salicylates (Other than Aspirin) (e.g., Bismuth Subsalicylate)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Various", "commonSymptoms": [ "Hives", "Swelling", "Asthma symptoms" ], "crossReactivity": ["Aspirin and other salicylates"], "prevalence": { "general": "Less common than aspirin allergy" }, "medicalName": "Salicylate allergy", "testingMethods": ["Oral challenge"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "iodine-containing-topicals-081", "name": "Iodine-Containing Topical Antiseptics (e.g., Povidone-Iodine)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antiseptic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Itching" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other iodine-containing products (rarely)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Uncommon" }, "medicalName": "Iodine allergy (topical)", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antiseptics" }, { "id": "mupirocin-082", "name": "Mupirocin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Topical Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Itching" ], "crossReactivity": ["None well-established"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare" }, "medicalName": "Mupirocin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative topical antibiotics" }, { "id": "bacitracin-083", "name": "Bacitracin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Topical Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Contact dermatitis" ], "crossReactivity": ["Neomycin (sometimes)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Relatively common cause of contact dermatitis" }, "medicalName": "Bacitracin allergy (contact dermatitis)", "testingMethods": ["Patch test"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative topical antibiotics" }, { "id": "neomycin-084", "name": "Neomycin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Topical Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Contact dermatitis" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other aminoglycosides (sometimes), bacitracin (sometimes)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Common cause of contact dermatitis" }, "medicalName": "Neomycin allergy (contact dermatitis)", "testingMethods": ["Patch test"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative topical antibiotics" }, { "id": "polymyxin-b-085", "name": "Polymyxin B", "type": "Medication", "category": "Topical Antibiotic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Contact dermatitis" ], "crossReactivity": ["Colistin (rarely)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Less common than neomycin or bacitracin" }, "medicalName": "Polymyxin B allergy (contact dermatitis)", "testingMethods": ["Patch test"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative topical antibiotics" }, { "id": "local-anesthetics-ester-type-086", "name": "Local Anesthetics - Ester Type (e.g., Benzocaine)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Local Anesthetic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Swelling" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other ester-type local anesthetics (procaine, tetracaine)"], "prevalence": { "general": "More common than amide-type allergies" }, "medicalName": "Ester-type local anesthetic allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test"], "treatment": "Avoidance, use of amide-type local anesthetics" }, { "id": "local-anesthetics-amide-type-087", "name": "Local Anesthetics - Amide Type (e.g., Bupivacaine)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Local Anesthetic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash", "Swelling (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other amide-type local anesthetics (lidocaine, prilocaine) - rare"], "prevalence": { "general": "Rare" }, "medicalName": "Amide-type local anesthetic allergy", "testingMethods": ["Skin test"], "treatment": "Avoidance, use of ester-type local anesthetics" }, { "id": "proton-pump-inhibitors-esomeprazole-088", "name": "Proton Pump Inhibitors - Esomeprazole", "type": "Medication", "category": "Gastrointestinal", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other PPIs (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Very rare" }, "medicalName": "Esomeprazole allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative PPIs" }, { "id": "proton-pump-inhibitors-lansoprazole-089", "name": "Proton Pump Inhibitors - Lansoprazole", "type": "Medication", "category": "Gastrointestinal", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other PPIs (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Very rare" }, "medicalName": "Lansoprazole allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative PPIs" }, { "id": "proton-pump-inhibitors-rabeprazole-090", "name": "Proton Pump Inhibitors - Rabeprazole", "type": "Medication", "category": "Gastrointestinal", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other PPIs (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Very rare" }, "medicalName": "Rabeprazole allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative PPIs" }, { "id": "proton-pump-inhibitors-dexlansoprazole-091", "name": "Proton Pump Inhibitors - Dexlansoprazole", "type": "Medication", "category": "Gastrointestinal", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (very rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other PPIs (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Extremely rare" }, "medicalName": "Dexlansoprazole allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative PPIs" }, { "id": "H2-receptor-antagonists-092", "name": "H2-Receptor Antagonists (e.g., Ranitidine, Famotidine)", "type": "Medication", "category": "Gastrointestinal", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other H2-receptor antagonists"], "prevalence": { "general": "Very rare" }, "medicalName": "H2-receptor antagonist allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "metoclopramide-093", "name": "Metoclopramide", "type": "Medication", "category": "Gastrointestinal", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["None well-established"], "prevalence": { "general": "Very rare" }, "medicalName": "Metoclopramide allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "ondansetron-094", "name": "Ondansetron", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antiemetic", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Very rare" }, "medicalName": "Ondansetron allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antiemetics" }, { "id": "promethazine-095", "name": "Promethazine", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antiemetic/Antihistamine", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other phenothiazines (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Very rare" }, "medicalName": "Promethazine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "dextromethorphan-096", "name": "Dextromethorphan", "type": "Medication", "category": "Cough Suppressant", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (very rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["None well-established"], "prevalence": { "general": "Extremely rare" }, "medicalName": "Dextromethorphan allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative cough suppressants" }, { "id": "guaifenesin-097", "name": "Guaifenesin", "type": "Medication", "category": "Expectorant", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (very rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["None well-established"], "prevalence": { "general": "Extremely rare" }, "medicalName": "Guaifenesin allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative expectorants" }, { "id": "pseudoephedrine-098", "name": "Pseudoephedrine", "type": "Medication", "category": "Decongestant", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (very rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Phenylephrine (rarely)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Extremely rare" }, "medicalName": "Pseudoephedrine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative decongestants" }, { "id": "phenylephrine-099", "name": "Phenylephrine", "type": "Medication", "category": "Decongestant", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (very rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Pseudoephedrine (rarely)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Extremely rare" }, "medicalName": "Phenylephrine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative decongestants" }, { "id": "diphenhydramine-100", "name": "Diphenhydramine", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antihistamine", "commonSymptoms": [ "Skin rash (rare)" ], "crossReactivity": ["Other first-generation antihistamines (variable)"], "prevalence": { "general": "Very rare" }, "medicalName": "Diphenhydramine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antihistamines" }, { "id": "cetirizine-101", "name": "Cetirizine", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antihistamine", "commonSymptoms": ["Skin rash (very rare)"], "crossReactivity": ["Other second-generation antihistamines (variable)"], "prevalence": {"general": "Extremely rare"}, "medicalName": "Cetirizine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antihistamines" }, { "id": "loratadine-102", "name": "Loratadine", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antihistamine", "commonSymptoms": ["Skin rash (very rare)"], "crossReactivity": ["Other second-generation antihistamines (variable)"], "prevalence": {"general": "Extremely rare"}, "medicalName": "Loratadine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antihistamines" }, { "id": "fexofenadine-103", "name": "Fexofenadine", "type": "Medication", "category": "Antihistamine", "commonSymptoms": ["Skin rash (very rare)"], "crossReactivity": ["Other second-generation antihistamines (variable)"], "prevalence": {"general": "Extremely rare"}, "medicalName": "Fexofenadine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative antihistamines" }, { "id": "ranitidine-104", "name": "Ranitidine", "type": "Medication", "category": "H2 Receptor Antagonist", "commonSymptoms": ["Skin rash (very rare)"], "crossReactivity": ["Other H2 receptor antagonists (famotidine, cimetidine)"], "prevalence": {"general": "Extremely rare"}, "medicalName": "Ranitidine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "famotidine-105", "name": "Famotidine", "type": "Medication", "category": "H2 Receptor Antagonist", "commonSymptoms": ["Skin rash (very rare)"], "crossReactivity": ["Other H2 receptor antagonists (ranitidine, cimetidine)"], "prevalence": {"general": "Extremely rare"}, "medicalName": "Famotidine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "cimetidine-106", "name": "Cimetidine", "type": "Medication", "category": "H2 Receptor Antagonist", "commonSymptoms": ["Skin rash (very rare)"], "crossReactivity": ["Other H2 receptor antagonists (ranitidine, famotidine)"], "prevalence": {"general": "Extremely rare"}, "medicalName": "Cimetidine allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "metoprolol-107", "name": "Metoprolol", "type": "Medication", "category": "Beta-Blocker", "commonSymptoms": ["Skin rash (very rare)"], "crossReactivity": ["Other beta-blockers (atenolol, propranolol)"], "prevalence": {"general": "Extremely rare"}, "medicalName": "Metoprolol allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "atenolol-108", "name": "Atenolol", "type": "Medication", "category": "Beta-Blocker", "commonSymptoms": ["Skin rash (very rare)"], "crossReactivity": ["Other beta-blockers (metoprolol, propranolol)"], "prevalence": {"general": "Extremely rare"}, "medicalName": "Atenolol allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "propranolol-109", "name": "Propranolol", "type": "Medication", "category": "Beta-Blocker", "commonSymptoms": ["Skin rash (very rare)"], "crossReactivity": ["Other beta-blockers (metoprolol, atenolol)"], "prevalence": {"general": "Extremely rare"}, "medicalName": "Propranolol allergy", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "lisinopril-110", "name": "Lisinopril", "type": "Medication", "category": "ACE Inhibitor", "commonSymptoms": ["Angioedema (rare)", "Skin rash (very rare)"], "crossReactivity": ["Other ACE inhibitors (enalapril, captopril)"], "prevalence": {"angioedema": "Slightly higher than general population"}, "medicalName": "Lisinopril allergy/angioedema", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "enalapril-111", "name": "Enalapril", "type": "Medication", "category": "ACE Inhibitor", "commonSymptoms": ["Angioedema (rare)", "Skin rash (very rare)"], "crossReactivity": ["Other ACE inhibitors (lisinopril, captopril)"], "prevalence": {"angioedema": "Slightly higher than general population"}, "medicalName": "Enalapril allergy/angioedema", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "losartan-112", "name": "Losartan", "type": "Medication", "category": "ARB", "commonSymptoms": ["Angioedema (very rare)", "Skin rash (very rare)"], "crossReactivity": ["Other ARBs (valsartan, olmesartan)"], "prevalence": {"angioedema": "Lower than ACE inhibitors"}, "medicalName": "Losartan allergy/angioedema", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" }, { "id": "valsartan-113", "name": "Valsartan", "type": "Medication", "category": "ARB", "commonSymptoms": ["Angioedema (very rare)", "Skin rash (very rare)"], "crossReactivity": ["Other ARBs (losartan, olmesartan)"], "prevalence": {"angioedema": "Lower than ACE inhibitors"}, "medicalName": "Valsartan allergy/angioedema", "testingMethods": ["Clinical history"], "treatment": "Avoidance, alternative medications" } ]