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Facebook Messenger Chatbot Framework

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<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html lang="" > <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"> <title>Building a Conversation · Botnaut</title> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /> <meta name="description" content=""> <meta name="generator" content="GitBook 3.2.3"> <meta name="author" content="David Menger"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../gitbook/style.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-anchors/plugin.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-highlight/website.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search/search.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-fontsettings/website.css"> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="152x152" href="../gitbook/images/apple-touch-icon-precomposed-152.png"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="../gitbook/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"> <link rel="next" href="buildingConversation.html" /> <link rel="prev" href="../" /> </head> <body> <div class="book"> <div class="book-summary"> <div id="book-search-input" role="search"> <input type="text" placeholder="Type to search" /> </div> <nav role="navigation"> <ul class="summary"> <li class="header">Building a chat bot</li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="../"> <a href="../"> Getting Started </a> </li> <li class="chapter active" data-level="1.2" data-path="buildingConversation.html"> <a href="buildingConversation.html"> Building a Conversation </a> <ul class="articles"> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.1" data-path="buildingConversation.html"> <a href="buildingConversation.html#asking-a-question"> Asking a question </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2" data-path="buildingConversation.html"> <a href="buildingConversation.html#using-quick-replies-for-controlling-conversation"> Using quick replies </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3" data-path="buildingConversation.html"> <a href="buildingConversation.html#post-back-is-also-an-action"> Postbacks </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3" data-path="conversationState.html"> <a href="conversationState.html"> Conversation State </a> <ul class="articles"> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1" data-path="conversationState.html"> <a href="conversationState.html#accessing-user-profile"> User profile </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2" data-path="conversationState.html"> <a href="conversationState.html#using-the-state-in-navigation"> Using state in navigation </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3" data-path="conversationState.html"> <a href="conversationState.html#reading-and-modifiing-user-state"> Reading and writing state </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4" data-path="asyncActions.html"> <a href="asyncActions.html"> Asynchronous Actions </a> <ul class="articles"> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1" data-path="asyncActions.html"> <a href="asyncActions.html#blocking-asynchronous-actions"> Blocking Actions </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2" data-path="asyncActions.html"> <a href="asyncActions.html#non-blocking-asynchronous-actions"> Non Blocking Actions </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3" data-path="asyncActions.html"> <a href="asyncActions.html#loading-attachments-to-buffer"> Loading Attachments </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5" data-path="advancedRouting.html"> <a href="advancedRouting.html"> Advanced Routing </a> <ul class="articles"> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1" data-path="advancedRouting.html"> <a href="advancedRouting.html#resolving-actions"> Resolving Actions </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2" data-path="advancedRouting.html"> <a href="advancedRouting.html#simple-text-actions"> Text Actions </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3" data-path="advancedRouting.html"> <a href="advancedRouting.html#integrating-with-ai-prediction"> Integrating AI </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4" data-path="advancedRouting.html"> <a href="advancedRouting.html#redirecting-flow-with-post-back"> Redirecting with Postback </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6" data-path="nestingRouters.html"> <a href="nestingRouters.html"> Nesting - Reusable Blocks </a> <ul class="articles"> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.1" data-path="nestingRouters.html"> <a href="nestingRouters.html#basic-concept"> Concept </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.2" data-path="nestingRouters.html"> <a href="nestingRouters.html#example"> Example </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7" data-path="templates.html"> <a href="templates.html"> Sending Templates </a> <ul class="articles"> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.1" data-path="templates.html"> <a href="templates.html#button-template"> Button Template </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.2" data-path="templates.html"> <a href="templates.html#generic-template"> Generic Template </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.3" data-path="templates.html"> <a href="templates.html#receipt-template"> Receipt Template </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.4" data-path="templates.html"> <a href="templates.html#working-with-webviews"> Webviews </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.8" data-path="testing.html"> <a href="testing.html"> Testing </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.9" data-path="analytics.html"> <a href="analytics.html"> Analytics </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.10" data-path="usingWithWingbot.html"> <a href="usingWithWingbot.html"> Using with Wingbot.ai </a> <ul class="articles"> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.1" data-path="usingWithWingbot.html"> <a href="usingWithWingbot.html#bot-configuration"> Bot configuration </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.2" data-path="usingWithWingbot.html"> <a href="usingWithWingbot.html#express-mongodb"> Express Mongodb </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="1.10.3" data-path="usingWithWingbot.html"> <a href="usingWithWingbot.html#serverless-aws-lambda"> Serverless AWS Lambda </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="header">API</li> <li class="chapter " data-level="2.1" data-path="../api/Request.html"> <a href="../api/Request.html"> Request </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="2.2" data-path="../api/Responder.html"> <a href="../api/Responder.html"> Responder </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="2.3" data-path="../api/Router.html"> <a href="../api/Router.html"> Router </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="2.4" data-path="../api/Tester.html"> <a href="../api/Tester.html"> Tester </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="2.5" data-path="../api/ButtonTemplate.html"> <a href="../api/ButtonTemplate.html"> Template Builders </a> <ul class="articles"> <li class="chapter " data-level="2.5.1" data-path="../api/ButtonTemplate.html"> <a href="../api/ButtonTemplate.html#ButtonTemplate"> ButtonTemplate </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="2.5.2" data-path="../api/ButtonTemplate.html"> <a href="../api/ButtonTemplate.html#GenericTemplate"> GenericTemplate </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="2.5.3" data-path="../api/ButtonTemplate.html"> <a href="../api/ButtonTemplate.html#ReceiptTemplate"> ReceiptTemplate </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="2.6" data-path="../api/Settings.html"> <a href="../api/Settings.html"> Bot Settings </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="2.7" data-path="../api/express.html"> <a href="../api/express.html"> Express/MongoDb tools </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="2.8" data-path="../api/bufferloader.html"> <a href="../api/bufferloader.html"> Utils </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="2.9" data-path="../api/Ai.html"> <a href="../api/Ai.html"> Ai </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="2.10" data-path="../api/serverlessAWS.html"> <a href="../api/serverlessAWS.html"> Serverless </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="2.11" data-path="../api/BuildRouter.html"> <a href="../api/BuildRouter.html"> Wingbot.ai </a> </li> <li class="chapter " data-level="2.12" data-path="../api/callback.html"> <a href="../api/callback.html"> Middlewares </a> </li> <li class="divider"></li> <li> <a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link"> Published with GitBook </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="book-body"> <div class="body-inner"> <div class="book-header" role="navigation"> <!-- Title --> <h1> <i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i> <a href=".." >Building a Conversation</a> </h1> </div> <div class="page-wrapper" tabindex="-1" role="main"> <div class="page-inner"> <div id="book-search-results"> <div class="search-noresults"> <section class="normal markdown-section"> <h1 id="building-a-conversation"><a name="building-a-conversation" class="plugin-anchor" href="#building-a-conversation"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>Building a Conversation</h1> <h2 id="echo-reacting-to-text-messages"><a name="echo-reacting-to-text-messages" class="plugin-anchor" href="#echo-reacting-to-text-messages"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>Echo: Reacting to text messages</h2> <p>Let&apos;s start with simple example. This is how to make an echo.</p> <pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> { Router } = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;botnaut&apos;</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> bot = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Router(); <span class="hljs-comment">// this route processes all incomming messages</span> bot.use((req, res) =&gt; { res.text(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;I\&apos;ve got this message:&apos;</span>) .text(req.text()); }); <span class="hljs-built_in">module</span>.exports = bot; </code></pre> <p>This works like this:</p> <pre><code>*-----------------------------------* | Hello! | | I&apos;ve got this message: | | Hello! | | | | It smells like updog | | I&apos;ve got this message: | | It smells like updog | *-----------------------------------* </code></pre><h2 id="asking-a-question"><a name="asking-a-question" class="plugin-anchor" href="#asking-a-question"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>Asking a question</h2> <p>When asking user a question, it&apos;s important to keeping reply in context. The <code>res.expected(&lt;path&gt;)</code> method ensures, that response will be dispatched by <code>/whichCat</code> route.</p> <p>Routes shoud always begin with <code>/</code> slash, but when referencing route, starting slash is treated as absolute path reference. When you omit the starting slash, path is treated as relative.</p> <pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> { Router } = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;botnaut&apos;</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> bot = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Router(); bot.use(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;/whichCat&apos;</span>, (req, res, postBack) =&gt; { <span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> lowercaseText = req.text(<span class="hljs-literal">true</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">// converts &quot;N&#xFD;an. C&#xE1;t&quot; to &quot;nyan-cat&quot;</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (lowercaseText.match(<span class="hljs-regexp">/nyan-cat/</span>)) { res.text(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;Yeah, nyan cat!&apos;</span>); } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (lowercaseText.match(<span class="hljs-regexp">/grumpy-cat/</span>)) { res.text(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;Ugh, grumpy cat!&apos;</span>); } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> Router.CONTINUE; } }); bot.use((req, res) =&gt; { res.text(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;So, Nyan cat or grumpy cat?&apos;</span>) .expected(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;whichCat&apos;</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">// set the route, which will process next text request</span> }); <span class="hljs-built_in">module</span>.exports = bot; </code></pre> <p>This works like this:</p> <pre><code>*-----------------------------------* | Nyan cat | | So, Nyan cat or grumpy cat? | | | | Nyan cat | | Yeah, nyan cat! | | | | What? | | So, Nyan cat or grumpy cat? | *-----------------------------------* </code></pre><h2 id="using-quick-replies-for-controlling-conversation"><a name="using-quick-replies-for-controlling-conversation" class="plugin-anchor" href="#using-quick-replies-for-controlling-conversation"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>Using Quick Replies for controlling conversation</h2> <p>Click is always simplier then writing a text. And also working with events is much easier then text processing. Let&apos;s lead conversation throuch quick replies.</p> <pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> { Router } = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;botnaut&apos;</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> bot = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Router(); bot.use(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;/grumpy&apos;</span>, (req, res) =&gt; { res.text(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;Ugh, grumpy cat!&apos;</span>); }); bot.use(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;/nyan&apos;</span>, (req, res) =&gt; { res.text(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;Yeah, nyan cat!&apos;</span>); }); bot.use((req, res) =&gt; { <span class="hljs-comment">// let&apos;s give two options to user</span> res.text(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;So, Nyan cat or grumpy cat?&apos;</span>, { grumpy: <span class="hljs-string">&apos;Grumpy cat&apos;</span>, nyan: <span class="hljs-string">&apos;Nyan cat&apos;</span> }); }); <span class="hljs-built_in">module</span>.exports = bot; </code></pre> <p>This code works <strong>exacly like previous example</strong>, because when quick replies are used, treir text representation is used to match the users input. String <code>&quot;Nyan cat&quot;</code> is converted to regular expression <code>/nyan-cat/</code>;</p> <h2 id="post-back-is-also-an-action"><a name="post-back-is-also-an-action" class="plugin-anchor" href="#post-back-is-also-an-action"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>Post Back is also an action!</h2> <p>We&apos;ve normalized all Quick Replies, Post Backs, or Referrals to actions! You don&apos;t have to care about action type.</p> <pre><code class="lang-javascript"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> { Router } = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;botnaut&apos;</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> bot = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Router(); bot.use(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;/grumpy&apos;</span>, (req, res) =&gt; { res.text(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;Ugh, grumpy cat!&apos;</span>); }); bot.use(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;/nyan&apos;</span>, (req, res) =&gt; { res.text(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;Yeah, nyan cat!&apos;</span>); }); bot.use((req, res) =&gt; { <span class="hljs-comment">// allow access grumpy cat with button</span> res.button(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;Lets choose grumpy cat&apos;</span>) .postBackButton(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;Call it&apos;</span>, <span class="hljs-string">&apos;grumpy&apos;</span>) .send(); <span class="hljs-comment">// and nyan cat with quick reply</span> res.text(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;So, Nyan cat or grumpy cat?&apos;</span>, { nyan: <span class="hljs-string">&apos;Nyan cat&apos;</span> }); }); <span class="hljs-built_in">module</span>.exports = bot; </code></pre> </section> </div> <div class="search-results"> <div class="has-results"> <h1 class="search-results-title"><span class='search-results-count'></span> results matching "<span class='search-query'></span>"</h1> <ul class="search-results-list"></ul> </div> <div class="no-results"> <h1 class="search-results-title">No results matching "<span class='search-query'></span>"</h1> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a href="../" class="navigation navigation-prev " aria-label="Previous page: Getting Started"> <i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i> </a> <a href="buildingConversation.html#asking-a-question" class="navigation navigation-next " aria-label="Next page: Asking a question"> <i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i> </a> </div> <script> var gitbook = gitbook || []; gitbook.push(function() { gitbook.page.hasChanged({"page":{"title":"Building a Conversation","level":"1.2","depth":1,"next":{"title":"Asking a question","level":"1.2.1","depth":2,"anchor":"#asking-a-question","path":"tutorial/buildingConversation.md","ref":"tutorial/buildingConversation.md#asking-a-question","articles":[]},"previous":{"title":"Getting Started","level":"1.1","depth":1,"path":"README.md","ref":"README.md","articles":[]},"dir":"ltr"},"config":{"plugins":["theme-default","collapsible-menu","anchors"],"styles":{"ebook":"styles/ebook.css","epub":"styles/epub.css","mobi":"styles/mobi.css","pdf":"styles/pdf.css","print":"styles/print.css","website":"styles/website.css"},"pluginsConfig":{"collapsible-menu":{},"search":{},"lunr":{"maxIndexSize":1000000,"ignoreSpecialCharacters":false},"fontsettings":{"theme":"white","family":"sans","size":2},"highlight":{},"theme-api":{"theme":"dark","languages":[{"lang":"js","name":"JavaScript","default":true}]},"sharing":{"facebook":true,"twitter":true,"google":false,"weibo":false,"instapaper":false,"vk":false,"all":["facebook","google","twitter","weibo","instapaper"]},"theme-default":{"showLevel":false,"styles":{"ebook":"styles/ebook.css","epub":"styles/epub.css","mobi":"styles/mobi.css","pdf":"styles/pdf.css","print":"styles/print.css","website":"styles/website.css"}},"anchors":{}},"theme":"default","author":"David Menger","pdf":{"pageNumbers":true,"fontSize":12,"fontFamily":"Arial","paperSize":"a4","chapterMark":"pagebreak","pageBreaksBefore":"/","margin":{"right":62,"left":62,"top":56,"bottom":56}},"structure":{"langs":"LANGS.md","readme":"README.md","glossary":"GLOSSARY.md","summary":"SUMMARY.md"},"variables":{"twitter":"https://twitter.com/davidmenger"},"title":"Botnaut","gitbook":"*","description":"Facebook Messenger framework for Node.js"},"file":{"path":"tutorial/buildingConversation.md","mtime":"2017-08-07T06:58:07.000Z","type":"markdown"},"gitbook":{"version":"3.2.3","time":"2018-05-23T15:31:59.833Z"},"basePath":"..","book":{"language":""}}); }); </script> </div> <script src="../gitbook/gitbook.js"></script> <script src="../gitbook/theme.js"></script> <script src="../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-collapsible-menu/plugin.js"></script> <script src="../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search/search-engine.js"></script> <script src="../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search/search.js"></script> <script src="../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-lunr/lunr.min.js"></script> <script src="../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-lunr/search-lunr.js"></script> <script src="../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-sharing/buttons.js"></script> <script src="../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-fontsettings/fontsettings.js"></script> </body> </html>