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---
name: Genes Protein and Variation 2
route: /2018/fall/bi341/week1/2
menu: BI 341
order: 2
---
# Notes from 9/26
## Vocabulary
| Word | Definition |
| ---------------------- |-----------------|
| Labile | DEFINITION |
| Okazaki Fragments | DEFINITION |
| Ligase | DEFINITION |
| Polymerase | DEFINITION |
| Topoisomerase I | DEFINITION |
| Topoisomerase II | DEFINITION |
## Words to look up
- labile
- Okazaki fragments
- third
> Why would you even have Thymine?
If you're in just slightly acidic conditions, the keytone becomes an amine on Uracil, and becomes Cytosine.
That means, during our bodies during the day, a good chunk of our Uracil is being converted to Cytosine. It would be a mess!
Then the problem becomes, which base do you take out?
BUT, if! If there was a methyl group on the end, ... its nothin!
## DNA Replication
Watson-Crick model of DNA Replication
- H bonds between DNA based break to allow strand separation.
- Each DNA strand is a template for the synthesis of a new strand.
- Template (parent) strand determines the sequence of bases in the new strand (daughter) -> complementary base pairs.
Watson and Crick are suggesting that as DNA replicates, it unwinds, and then by the time you're done, you have two molecules side by side.
### Semi-Conservative Replication
It's like making a copy, but editing the original to do so.
### Conservative Replication
It's kind of like `map()` in code. It creates a completly separate copy, and the original 2 strands eventually come back in.
Separation of protein, DNA, RNA by density. Using `CsCl`.
> We could make DNA that has different densities.
## INSERT SUMMARY OF NOTES FROM HIS BIG TALK ON SEPARATION OF DNA WITH DIFFERENT ISOTOPES OF Notes
Basically it showed that the replication is semi-conservative.
## Circular DNA Replication
So Watson and Crick were pretty right for bacteria.
Always polymerize 5' to 3'.