assertive-chai
Version:
Chai.js without Expect or Should
1,645 lines (1,394 loc) • 118 kB
JavaScript
(function(f){if(typeof exports==="object"&&typeof module!=="undefined"){module.exports=f()}else if(typeof define==="function"&&define.amd){define([],f)}else{var g;if(typeof window!=="undefined"){g=window}else if(typeof global!=="undefined"){g=global}else if(typeof self!=="undefined"){g=self}else{g=this}g.chai = f()}})(function(){var define,module,exports;return (function e(t,n,r){function s(o,u){if(!n[o]){if(!t[o]){var a=typeof require=="function"&&require;if(!u&&a)return a(o,!0);if(i)return i(o,!0);var f=new Error("Cannot find module '"+o+"'");throw f.code="MODULE_NOT_FOUND",f}var l=n[o]={exports:{}};t[o][0].call(l.exports,function(e){var n=t[o][1][e];return s(n?n:e)},l,l.exports,e,t,n,r)}return n[o].exports}var i=typeof require=="function"&&require;for(var o=0;o<r.length;o++)s(r[o]);return s})({1:[function(require,module,exports){
/* eslint-env browser, node */
/* eslint-disable no-param-reassign */ // too lazy to fix this widespread style
'use strict';
// Node.js built-ins
var assert = require('assert');
// 3rd-party modules
var deepEql = require('deep-eql');
var indexOf = require('lodash.indexof');
var pathval = require('pathval');
var typeOf = require('type-detect');
// this module
var chai;
chai = {};
// import Node.JS's assertions
chai.assert = function () {
return assert.apply(this, arguments);
};
chai.assert.equal = assert.equal;
chai.assert.fail = assert.fail;
chai.assert['throws'] = assert['throws'];
chai.assert.notFail = assert.notFail;
chai.assert.doesNotThrow = assert.doesNotThrow;
// https://github.com/chaijs/chai/blob/master/lib/chai/utils/type.js
// implement Chai.JS's assertions
function formatAsJSON (value) {
var type = typeOf(value);
var json;
if (typeof window !== 'undefined' && window.navigator) {
// in a browser-like environment
if (window.navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Phantom') !== -1) {
// in PhantomJS
return '[' + type + ']';
}
}
if (type === 'array' || type === 'object') {
try {
json = JSON.stringify(value);
if (json === '[]' || json === '{}') {
return json;
}
json = json.replace(/([{\[,:])/g, '$1 ');
json = json.replace(/([}\]])/g, ' $1');
json = json.replace(/"(\w+)":/g, '$1:');
json = json.replace(/"/g, '\'');
json = json.replace(/\s*$/g, ''); // ES3-friendly trim
return json;
} catch (ignore) {
return '[' + type + ']';
}
}
}
function format (value) {
var type = typeOf(value);
switch (type) {
case 'array':
return formatAsJSON(value);
case 'function':
return value.name ? '[Function: ' + value.name + ']' : '[Function]';
case 'object':
return formatAsJSON(value);
case 'string':
return '\'' + value + '\'';
default:
return value;
}
}
chai.assert.notEqual = function (actual, expected, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(actual) + ' to not equal ' + expected;
assert.notEqual(actual, expected, msg);
};
chai.assert.strictEqual = function (actual, expected, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(actual) + ' to equal ' + expected;
assert.strictEqual(actual, expected, msg);
};
chai.assert.notStrictEqual = function (actual, expected, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(actual) + ' to not equal ' + expected;
assert.notStrictEqual(actual, expected, msg);
};
chai.assert.deepEqual = function (actual, expected, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(actual) + ' to deeply equal ' + format(expected);
chai.assert.isTrue(deepEql(actual, expected), msg);
};
chai.assert.notDeepEqual = function (actual, expected, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(actual) + ' to not deeply equal ' + format(expected);
try {
assert.notEqual(typeOf(actual), typeOf(expected), msg);
} catch (e) {
chai.assert.isFalse(deepEql(actual, expected), msg);
}
};
chai.assert.ifError = function (value, msg) {
chai.assert.notOk(value, msg);
assert.ifError(value, msg);
};
chai.assert.isTrue = function (value, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' to be true';
return chai.assert.strictEqual(value, true, msg);
};
chai.assert.ok = function (value, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' to be truthy';
return chai.assert(value, msg);
};
chai.assert.notOk = function (value, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' to be falsy';
return chai.assert(!value, msg);
};
chai.assert.isFalse = function (value, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' to be false';
return chai.assert.strictEqual(value, false, msg);
};
chai.assert.typeOf = function (value, type, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' to be a ' + type;
return chai.assert.equal(typeOf(value), type, msg);
};
chai.assert.notTypeOf = function (value, type, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' not to be a ' + type;
return chai.assert.notEqual(typeOf(value), type, msg);
};
chai.assert.instanceOf = function (value, constructor, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' to be an instance of ' + constructor.name;
return chai.assert.isTrue(value instanceof constructor, msg);
};
chai.assert.notInstanceOf = function (value, constructor, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' to not be an instance of ' + constructor.name;
return chai.assert.isFalse(value instanceof constructor, msg);
};
chai.assert.isObject = function (value, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' to be an object';
return chai.assert.typeOf(value, 'object', msg);
};
chai.assert.isNotObject = function (value, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' not to be an object';
return chai.assert.notTypeOf(value, 'object', msg);
};
chai.assert.isNull = function (value, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' to equal null';
return chai.assert.typeOf(value, 'null', msg);
};
chai.assert.isNotNull = function (value, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' to not equal null';
return chai.assert.notTypeOf(value, 'null', msg);
};
chai.assert.isUndefined = function (value, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' to equal undefined';
return chai.assert.typeOf(value, 'undefined', msg);
};
chai.assert.isDefined = function (value, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' to not equal undefined';
return chai.assert.notTypeOf(value, 'undefined', msg);
};
chai.assert.isFunction = function (value, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' to be a function';
return chai.assert.typeOf(value, 'function', msg);
};
chai.assert.isNotFunction = function (value, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' not to be a function';
return chai.assert.notTypeOf(value, 'function', msg);
};
chai.assert.isArray = function (value, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' to be an array';
if (Array.isArray) {
return chai.assert.isTrue(Array.isArray(value), msg);
}
return chai.assert.typeOf(value, 'array', msg);
};
chai.assert.isNotArray = function (value, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' not to be an array';
if (Array.isArray) {
return chai.assert.isFalse(Array.isArray(value), msg);
}
return chai.assert.notTypeOf(value, 'array', msg);
};
chai.assert.isString = function (value, msg) {
return chai.assert.typeOf(value, 'string', msg);
};
chai.assert.isNotString = function (value, msg) {
return chai.assert.notTypeOf(value, 'string', msg);
};
chai.assert.isNumber = function (value, msg) {
return chai.assert.typeOf(value, 'number', msg);
};
chai.assert.isNotNumber = function (value, msg) {
return chai.assert.notTypeOf(value, 'number', msg);
};
chai.assert.isBoolean = function (value, msg) {
return chai.assert.typeOf(value, 'boolean', msg);
};
chai.assert.isNotBoolean = function (value, msg) {
return chai.assert.notTypeOf(value, 'boolean', msg);
};
chai.assert.include = function (haystack, needle, msg) {
var prop;
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(haystack) + ' to include ' + format(needle);
if (typeOf(haystack) === 'object' && typeOf(needle) === 'object') {
for (prop in needle) {
if (needle.hasOwnProperty(prop) && haystack.hasOwnProperty(prop)) {
chai.assert.equal(haystack[prop], needle[prop], msg);
}
}
return;
}
if (typeOf(haystack) === 'array') {
chai.assert.notEqual(indexOf(haystack, needle), -1, msg);
return;
}
if (typeOf(haystack) === 'string') {
chai.assert.notEqual(haystack.indexOf(needle), -1, msg);
return;
}
chai.assert.fail(true, false, msg);
};
chai.assert.notInclude = function (haystack, needle, msg) {
var prop;
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(haystack) + ' to not include ' + format(needle);
if (typeOf(haystack) === 'object' && typeOf(needle) === 'object') {
for (prop in needle) {
if (needle.hasOwnProperty(prop) && haystack.hasOwnProperty(prop)) {
chai.assert.notEqual(haystack[prop], needle[prop], msg);
}
}
return;
}
if (typeOf(haystack) === 'array') {
chai.assert.equal(indexOf(haystack, needle), -1, msg);
}
if (typeOf(haystack) === 'string') {
chai.assert.equal(haystack.indexOf(needle), -1, msg);
}
};
chai.assert.lengthOf = function (obj, length, msg) {
chai.assert.property(obj, 'length', msg);
if (obj && typeOf(obj.length) === 'number') {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(obj) + ' to have a length of ' + length + ' but got ' + obj.length;
chai.assert.equal(obj.length, length, msg);
}
};
chai.assert.match = function (value, regexp, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' to match ' + regexp;
chai.assert.instanceOf(regexp, RegExp, msg);
chai.assert.isTrue(regexp.test(value), msg);
};
chai.assert.notMatch = function (value, regexp, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(value) + ' not to match ' + regexp;
chai.assert.instanceOf(regexp, RegExp, msg);
chai.assert.isFalse(regexp.test(value), msg);
};
chai.assert.property = function (object, property, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(object) + ' to have a property ' + format(property);
chai.assert.isDefined(object, msg);
chai.assert.isString(property, msg);
chai.assert.isDefined(object[property], msg);
};
chai.assert.notProperty = function (object, property, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(object) + ' to not have property ' + format(property);
chai.assert.isDefined(object);
chai.assert.isString(property);
chai.assert.isUndefined(object[property], msg);
};
chai.assert.deepProperty = function (object, property, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(object) + ' to have a deep property ' + format(property);
chai.assert.isDefined(object);
chai.assert.isString(property);
chai.assert.isDefined(pathval.get(object, property), msg);
};
chai.assert.notDeepProperty = function (object, property, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(object) + ' to not have deep property ' + format(property);
chai.assert.isDefined(object);
chai.assert.isString(property);
chai.assert.isUndefined(pathval.get(object, property), msg);
};
chai.assert.propertyVal = function (object, property, value, msg) {
chai.assert.isDefined(object);
chai.assert.isString(property);
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(object) + ' to have a property ' + format(property) + ' of ' + format(value) + ', but got ' + format(object[property]);
chai.assert.isDefined(object[property], msg);
chai.assert.equal(object[property], value, msg);
};
chai.assert.propertyNotVal = function (object, property, value, msg) {
chai.assert.isDefined(object);
chai.assert.isString(property);
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(object) + ' to not have a property ' + format(property) + ' of ' + format(value);
if (typeOf(object[property]) === 'undefined') {
chai.assert.notProperty(object, property, msg);
return;
}
chai.assert.notEqual(object[property], value, msg);
};
chai.assert.deepPropertyVal = function (object, property, value, msg) {
var actual;
chai.assert.isDefined(object);
chai.assert.isString(property);
actual = pathval.get(object, property);
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(object) + ' to have a deep property ' + format(property) + ' of ' + format(value) + ', but got ' + format(actual);
return chai.assert.equal(actual, value, msg);
};
chai.assert.deepPropertyNotVal = function (object, property, value, msg) {
chai.assert.isDefined(object);
chai.assert.isString(property);
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(object) + ' to not have a deep property ' + format(property) + ' of ' + format(value);
chai.assert.notEqual(pathval.get(object, property), value, msg);
};
chai.assert.operator = function (val1, operator, val2, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(val1) + ' to be ' + operator + ' ' + format(val2);
chai.assert.isString(operator);
switch (operator) {
case '<':
chai.assert.isTrue(val1 < val2, msg);
break;
case '<=':
chai.assert.isTrue(val1 <= val2, msg);
break;
case '>':
chai.assert.isTrue(val1 > val2, msg);
break;
case '>=':
chai.assert.isTrue(val1 >= val2, msg);
break;
case '==':
chai.assert.isTrue(val1 === val2, msg);
break;
case '!=':
chai.assert.isTrue(val1 !== val2, msg);
break;
case '===':
chai.assert.isTrue(val1 === val2, msg);
break;
case '!==':
chai.assert.isTrue(val1 !== val2, msg);
break;
default:
throw new Error('Invalid operator "' + operator + '"');
}
};
chai.assert.closeTo = function (actual, expected, delta, msg) {
msg = msg || 'expected ' + actual + ' to be close to ' + expected + ' +/- ' + delta;
chai.assert.isNumber(actual);
chai.assert.isNumber(expected);
chai.assert.isNumber(delta);
return chai.assert.isTrue(Math.abs(actual - expected) <= delta, msg);
};
chai.assert.sameMembers = function (set1, set2, msg) {
var length;
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(set1) + ' to have the same members as ' + format(set2);
chai.assert.isArray(set1, msg);
chai.assert.isArray(set2, msg);
length = set1.length;
chai.assert.equal(length, set2.length, msg);
return chai.assert.includeMembers(set1, set2, msg);
};
chai.assert.includeMembers = function (superset, subset, msg) {
var length;
msg = msg || 'expected ' + format(superset) + ' to be a superset of ' + format(subset);
chai.assert.isArray(superset, msg);
chai.assert.isArray(subset, msg);
length = subset.length;
while (length > 0) {
length -= 1;
chai.assert.include(superset, subset[length], msg);
}
};
module.exports = chai;
},{"assert":2,"deep-eql":5,"lodash.indexof":15,"pathval":16,"type-detect":18}],2:[function(require,module,exports){
// http://wiki.commonjs.org/wiki/Unit_Testing/1.0
//
// THIS IS NOT TESTED NOR LIKELY TO WORK OUTSIDE V8!
//
// Originally from narwhal.js (http://narwhaljs.org)
// Copyright (c) 2009 Thomas Robinson <280north.com>
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the 'Software'), to
// deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
// rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
// sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
// ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
// WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
// when used in node, this will actually load the util module we depend on
// versus loading the builtin util module as happens otherwise
// this is a bug in node module loading as far as I am concerned
var util = require('util/');
var pSlice = Array.prototype.slice;
var hasOwn = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
// 1. The assert module provides functions that throw
// AssertionError's when particular conditions are not met. The
// assert module must conform to the following interface.
var assert = module.exports = ok;
// 2. The AssertionError is defined in assert.
// new assert.AssertionError({ message: message,
// actual: actual,
// expected: expected })
assert.AssertionError = function AssertionError(options) {
this.name = 'AssertionError';
this.actual = options.actual;
this.expected = options.expected;
this.operator = options.operator;
if (options.message) {
this.message = options.message;
this.generatedMessage = false;
} else {
this.message = getMessage(this);
this.generatedMessage = true;
}
var stackStartFunction = options.stackStartFunction || fail;
if (Error.captureStackTrace) {
Error.captureStackTrace(this, stackStartFunction);
}
else {
// non v8 browsers so we can have a stacktrace
var err = new Error();
if (err.stack) {
var out = err.stack;
// try to strip useless frames
var fn_name = stackStartFunction.name;
var idx = out.indexOf('\n' + fn_name);
if (idx >= 0) {
// once we have located the function frame
// we need to strip out everything before it (and its line)
var next_line = out.indexOf('\n', idx + 1);
out = out.substring(next_line + 1);
}
this.stack = out;
}
}
};
// assert.AssertionError instanceof Error
util.inherits(assert.AssertionError, Error);
function replacer(key, value) {
if (util.isUndefined(value)) {
return '' + value;
}
if (util.isNumber(value) && !isFinite(value)) {
return value.toString();
}
if (util.isFunction(value) || util.isRegExp(value)) {
return value.toString();
}
return value;
}
function truncate(s, n) {
if (util.isString(s)) {
return s.length < n ? s : s.slice(0, n);
} else {
return s;
}
}
function getMessage(self) {
return truncate(JSON.stringify(self.actual, replacer), 128) + ' ' +
self.operator + ' ' +
truncate(JSON.stringify(self.expected, replacer), 128);
}
// At present only the three keys mentioned above are used and
// understood by the spec. Implementations or sub modules can pass
// other keys to the AssertionError's constructor - they will be
// ignored.
// 3. All of the following functions must throw an AssertionError
// when a corresponding condition is not met, with a message that
// may be undefined if not provided. All assertion methods provide
// both the actual and expected values to the assertion error for
// display purposes.
function fail(actual, expected, message, operator, stackStartFunction) {
throw new assert.AssertionError({
message: message,
actual: actual,
expected: expected,
operator: operator,
stackStartFunction: stackStartFunction
});
}
// EXTENSION! allows for well behaved errors defined elsewhere.
assert.fail = fail;
// 4. Pure assertion tests whether a value is truthy, as determined
// by !!guard.
// assert.ok(guard, message_opt);
// This statement is equivalent to assert.equal(true, !!guard,
// message_opt);. To test strictly for the value true, use
// assert.strictEqual(true, guard, message_opt);.
function ok(value, message) {
if (!value) fail(value, true, message, '==', assert.ok);
}
assert.ok = ok;
// 5. The equality assertion tests shallow, coercive equality with
// ==.
// assert.equal(actual, expected, message_opt);
assert.equal = function equal(actual, expected, message) {
if (actual != expected) fail(actual, expected, message, '==', assert.equal);
};
// 6. The non-equality assertion tests for whether two objects are not equal
// with != assert.notEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
assert.notEqual = function notEqual(actual, expected, message) {
if (actual == expected) {
fail(actual, expected, message, '!=', assert.notEqual);
}
};
// 7. The equivalence assertion tests a deep equality relation.
// assert.deepEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
assert.deepEqual = function deepEqual(actual, expected, message) {
if (!_deepEqual(actual, expected)) {
fail(actual, expected, message, 'deepEqual', assert.deepEqual);
}
};
function _deepEqual(actual, expected) {
// 7.1. All identical values are equivalent, as determined by ===.
if (actual === expected) {
return true;
} else if (util.isBuffer(actual) && util.isBuffer(expected)) {
if (actual.length != expected.length) return false;
for (var i = 0; i < actual.length; i++) {
if (actual[i] !== expected[i]) return false;
}
return true;
// 7.2. If the expected value is a Date object, the actual value is
// equivalent if it is also a Date object that refers to the same time.
} else if (util.isDate(actual) && util.isDate(expected)) {
return actual.getTime() === expected.getTime();
// 7.3 If the expected value is a RegExp object, the actual value is
// equivalent if it is also a RegExp object with the same source and
// properties (`global`, `multiline`, `lastIndex`, `ignoreCase`).
} else if (util.isRegExp(actual) && util.isRegExp(expected)) {
return actual.source === expected.source &&
actual.global === expected.global &&
actual.multiline === expected.multiline &&
actual.lastIndex === expected.lastIndex &&
actual.ignoreCase === expected.ignoreCase;
// 7.4. Other pairs that do not both pass typeof value == 'object',
// equivalence is determined by ==.
} else if (!util.isObject(actual) && !util.isObject(expected)) {
return actual == expected;
// 7.5 For all other Object pairs, including Array objects, equivalence is
// determined by having the same number of owned properties (as verified
// with Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call), the same set of keys
// (although not necessarily the same order), equivalent values for every
// corresponding key, and an identical 'prototype' property. Note: this
// accounts for both named and indexed properties on Arrays.
} else {
return objEquiv(actual, expected);
}
}
function isArguments(object) {
return Object.prototype.toString.call(object) == '[object Arguments]';
}
function objEquiv(a, b) {
if (util.isNullOrUndefined(a) || util.isNullOrUndefined(b))
return false;
// an identical 'prototype' property.
if (a.prototype !== b.prototype) return false;
// if one is a primitive, the other must be same
if (util.isPrimitive(a) || util.isPrimitive(b)) {
return a === b;
}
var aIsArgs = isArguments(a),
bIsArgs = isArguments(b);
if ((aIsArgs && !bIsArgs) || (!aIsArgs && bIsArgs))
return false;
if (aIsArgs) {
a = pSlice.call(a);
b = pSlice.call(b);
return _deepEqual(a, b);
}
var ka = objectKeys(a),
kb = objectKeys(b),
key, i;
// having the same number of owned properties (keys incorporates
// hasOwnProperty)
if (ka.length != kb.length)
return false;
//the same set of keys (although not necessarily the same order),
ka.sort();
kb.sort();
//~~~cheap key test
for (i = ka.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
if (ka[i] != kb[i])
return false;
}
//equivalent values for every corresponding key, and
//~~~possibly expensive deep test
for (i = ka.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
key = ka[i];
if (!_deepEqual(a[key], b[key])) return false;
}
return true;
}
// 8. The non-equivalence assertion tests for any deep inequality.
// assert.notDeepEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
assert.notDeepEqual = function notDeepEqual(actual, expected, message) {
if (_deepEqual(actual, expected)) {
fail(actual, expected, message, 'notDeepEqual', assert.notDeepEqual);
}
};
// 9. The strict equality assertion tests strict equality, as determined by ===.
// assert.strictEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
assert.strictEqual = function strictEqual(actual, expected, message) {
if (actual !== expected) {
fail(actual, expected, message, '===', assert.strictEqual);
}
};
// 10. The strict non-equality assertion tests for strict inequality, as
// determined by !==. assert.notStrictEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
assert.notStrictEqual = function notStrictEqual(actual, expected, message) {
if (actual === expected) {
fail(actual, expected, message, '!==', assert.notStrictEqual);
}
};
function expectedException(actual, expected) {
if (!actual || !expected) {
return false;
}
if (Object.prototype.toString.call(expected) == '[object RegExp]') {
return expected.test(actual);
} else if (actual instanceof expected) {
return true;
} else if (expected.call({}, actual) === true) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
function _throws(shouldThrow, block, expected, message) {
var actual;
if (util.isString(expected)) {
message = expected;
expected = null;
}
try {
block();
} catch (e) {
actual = e;
}
message = (expected && expected.name ? ' (' + expected.name + ').' : '.') +
(message ? ' ' + message : '.');
if (shouldThrow && !actual) {
fail(actual, expected, 'Missing expected exception' + message);
}
if (!shouldThrow && expectedException(actual, expected)) {
fail(actual, expected, 'Got unwanted exception' + message);
}
if ((shouldThrow && actual && expected &&
!expectedException(actual, expected)) || (!shouldThrow && actual)) {
throw actual;
}
}
// 11. Expected to throw an error:
// assert.throws(block, Error_opt, message_opt);
assert.throws = function(block, /*optional*/error, /*optional*/message) {
_throws.apply(this, [true].concat(pSlice.call(arguments)));
};
// EXTENSION! This is annoying to write outside this module.
assert.doesNotThrow = function(block, /*optional*/message) {
_throws.apply(this, [false].concat(pSlice.call(arguments)));
};
assert.ifError = function(err) { if (err) {throw err;}};
var objectKeys = Object.keys || function (obj) {
var keys = [];
for (var key in obj) {
if (hasOwn.call(obj, key)) keys.push(key);
}
return keys;
};
},{"util/":21}],3:[function(require,module,exports){
var lookup = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/';
;(function (exports) {
'use strict';
var Arr = (typeof Uint8Array !== 'undefined')
? Uint8Array
: Array
var PLUS = '+'.charCodeAt(0)
var SLASH = '/'.charCodeAt(0)
var NUMBER = '0'.charCodeAt(0)
var LOWER = 'a'.charCodeAt(0)
var UPPER = 'A'.charCodeAt(0)
var PLUS_URL_SAFE = '-'.charCodeAt(0)
var SLASH_URL_SAFE = '_'.charCodeAt(0)
function decode (elt) {
var code = elt.charCodeAt(0)
if (code === PLUS ||
code === PLUS_URL_SAFE)
return 62 // '+'
if (code === SLASH ||
code === SLASH_URL_SAFE)
return 63 // '/'
if (code < NUMBER)
return -1 //no match
if (code < NUMBER + 10)
return code - NUMBER + 26 + 26
if (code < UPPER + 26)
return code - UPPER
if (code < LOWER + 26)
return code - LOWER + 26
}
function b64ToByteArray (b64) {
var i, j, l, tmp, placeHolders, arr
if (b64.length % 4 > 0) {
throw new Error('Invalid string. Length must be a multiple of 4')
}
// the number of equal signs (place holders)
// if there are two placeholders, than the two characters before it
// represent one byte
// if there is only one, then the three characters before it represent 2 bytes
// this is just a cheap hack to not do indexOf twice
var len = b64.length
placeHolders = '=' === b64.charAt(len - 2) ? 2 : '=' === b64.charAt(len - 1) ? 1 : 0
// base64 is 4/3 + up to two characters of the original data
arr = new Arr(b64.length * 3 / 4 - placeHolders)
// if there are placeholders, only get up to the last complete 4 chars
l = placeHolders > 0 ? b64.length - 4 : b64.length
var L = 0
function push (v) {
arr[L++] = v
}
for (i = 0, j = 0; i < l; i += 4, j += 3) {
tmp = (decode(b64.charAt(i)) << 18) | (decode(b64.charAt(i + 1)) << 12) | (decode(b64.charAt(i + 2)) << 6) | decode(b64.charAt(i + 3))
push((tmp & 0xFF0000) >> 16)
push((tmp & 0xFF00) >> 8)
push(tmp & 0xFF)
}
if (placeHolders === 2) {
tmp = (decode(b64.charAt(i)) << 2) | (decode(b64.charAt(i + 1)) >> 4)
push(tmp & 0xFF)
} else if (placeHolders === 1) {
tmp = (decode(b64.charAt(i)) << 10) | (decode(b64.charAt(i + 1)) << 4) | (decode(b64.charAt(i + 2)) >> 2)
push((tmp >> 8) & 0xFF)
push(tmp & 0xFF)
}
return arr
}
function uint8ToBase64 (uint8) {
var i,
extraBytes = uint8.length % 3, // if we have 1 byte left, pad 2 bytes
output = "",
temp, length
function encode (num) {
return lookup.charAt(num)
}
function tripletToBase64 (num) {
return encode(num >> 18 & 0x3F) + encode(num >> 12 & 0x3F) + encode(num >> 6 & 0x3F) + encode(num & 0x3F)
}
// go through the array every three bytes, we'll deal with trailing stuff later
for (i = 0, length = uint8.length - extraBytes; i < length; i += 3) {
temp = (uint8[i] << 16) + (uint8[i + 1] << 8) + (uint8[i + 2])
output += tripletToBase64(temp)
}
// pad the end with zeros, but make sure to not forget the extra bytes
switch (extraBytes) {
case 1:
temp = uint8[uint8.length - 1]
output += encode(temp >> 2)
output += encode((temp << 4) & 0x3F)
output += '=='
break
case 2:
temp = (uint8[uint8.length - 2] << 8) + (uint8[uint8.length - 1])
output += encode(temp >> 10)
output += encode((temp >> 4) & 0x3F)
output += encode((temp << 2) & 0x3F)
output += '='
break
}
return output
}
exports.toByteArray = b64ToByteArray
exports.fromByteArray = uint8ToBase64
}(typeof exports === 'undefined' ? (this.base64js = {}) : exports))
},{}],4:[function(require,module,exports){
(function (global){
/*!
* The buffer module from node.js, for the browser.
*
* @author Feross Aboukhadijeh <feross@feross.org> <http://feross.org>
* @license MIT
*/
/* eslint-disable no-proto */
var base64 = require('base64-js')
var ieee754 = require('ieee754')
var isArray = require('is-array')
exports.Buffer = Buffer
exports.SlowBuffer = SlowBuffer
exports.INSPECT_MAX_BYTES = 50
Buffer.poolSize = 8192 // not used by this implementation
var rootParent = {}
/**
* If `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT`:
* === true Use Uint8Array implementation (fastest)
* === false Use Object implementation (most compatible, even IE6)
*
* Browsers that support typed arrays are IE 10+, Firefox 4+, Chrome 7+, Safari 5.1+,
* Opera 11.6+, iOS 4.2+.
*
* Due to various browser bugs, sometimes the Object implementation will be used even
* when the browser supports typed arrays.
*
* Note:
*
* - Firefox 4-29 lacks support for adding new properties to `Uint8Array` instances,
* See: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=695438.
*
* - Safari 5-7 lacks support for changing the `Object.prototype.constructor` property
* on objects.
*
* - Chrome 9-10 is missing the `TypedArray.prototype.subarray` function.
*
* - IE10 has a broken `TypedArray.prototype.subarray` function which returns arrays of
* incorrect length in some situations.
* We detect these buggy browsers and set `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT` to `false` so they
* get the Object implementation, which is slower but behaves correctly.
*/
Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT = global.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT !== undefined
? global.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT
: typedArraySupport()
function typedArraySupport () {
function Bar () {}
try {
var arr = new Uint8Array(1)
arr.foo = function () { return 42 }
arr.constructor = Bar
return arr.foo() === 42 && // typed array instances can be augmented
arr.constructor === Bar && // constructor can be set
typeof arr.subarray === 'function' && // chrome 9-10 lack `subarray`
arr.subarray(1, 1).byteLength === 0 // ie10 has broken `subarray`
} catch (e) {
return false
}
}
function kMaxLength () {
return Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT
? 0x7fffffff
: 0x3fffffff
}
/**
* Class: Buffer
* =============
*
* The Buffer constructor returns instances of `Uint8Array` that are augmented
* with function properties for all the node `Buffer` API functions. We use
* `Uint8Array` so that square bracket notation works as expected -- it returns
* a single octet.
*
* By augmenting the instances, we can avoid modifying the `Uint8Array`
* prototype.
*/
function Buffer (arg) {
if (!(this instanceof Buffer)) {
// Avoid going through an ArgumentsAdaptorTrampoline in the common case.
if (arguments.length > 1) return new Buffer(arg, arguments[1])
return new Buffer(arg)
}
this.length = 0
this.parent = undefined
// Common case.
if (typeof arg === 'number') {
return fromNumber(this, arg)
}
// Slightly less common case.
if (typeof arg === 'string') {
return fromString(this, arg, arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : 'utf8')
}
// Unusual.
return fromObject(this, arg)
}
function fromNumber (that, length) {
that = allocate(that, length < 0 ? 0 : checked(length) | 0)
if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
that[i] = 0
}
}
return that
}
function fromString (that, string, encoding) {
if (typeof encoding !== 'string' || encoding === '') encoding = 'utf8'
// Assumption: byteLength() return value is always < kMaxLength.
var length = byteLength(string, encoding) | 0
that = allocate(that, length)
that.write(string, encoding)
return that
}
function fromObject (that, object) {
if (Buffer.isBuffer(object)) return fromBuffer(that, object)
if (isArray(object)) return fromArray(that, object)
if (object == null) {
throw new TypeError('must start with number, buffer, array or string')
}
if (typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined') {
if (object.buffer instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
return fromTypedArray(that, object)
}
if (object instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
return fromArrayBuffer(that, object)
}
}
if (object.length) return fromArrayLike(that, object)
return fromJsonObject(that, object)
}
function fromBuffer (that, buffer) {
var length = checked(buffer.length) | 0
that = allocate(that, length)
buffer.copy(that, 0, 0, length)
return that
}
function fromArray (that, array) {
var length = checked(array.length) | 0
that = allocate(that, length)
for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
that[i] = array[i] & 255
}
return that
}
// Duplicate of fromArray() to keep fromArray() monomorphic.
function fromTypedArray (that, array) {
var length = checked(array.length) | 0
that = allocate(that, length)
// Truncating the elements is probably not what people expect from typed
// arrays with BYTES_PER_ELEMENT > 1 but it's compatible with the behavior
// of the old Buffer constructor.
for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
that[i] = array[i] & 255
}
return that
}
function fromArrayBuffer (that, array) {
if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
// Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance, for best performance
array.byteLength
that = Buffer._augment(new Uint8Array(array))
} else {
// Fallback: Return an object instance of the Buffer class
that = fromTypedArray(that, new Uint8Array(array))
}
return that
}
function fromArrayLike (that, array) {
var length = checked(array.length) | 0
that = allocate(that, length)
for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
that[i] = array[i] & 255
}
return that
}
// Deserialize { type: 'Buffer', data: [1,2,3,...] } into a Buffer object.
// Returns a zero-length buffer for inputs that don't conform to the spec.
function fromJsonObject (that, object) {
var array
var length = 0
if (object.type === 'Buffer' && isArray(object.data)) {
array = object.data
length = checked(array.length) | 0
}
that = allocate(that, length)
for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
that[i] = array[i] & 255
}
return that
}
if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
Buffer.prototype.__proto__ = Uint8Array.prototype
Buffer.__proto__ = Uint8Array
}
function allocate (that, length) {
if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
// Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance, for best performance
that = Buffer._augment(new Uint8Array(length))
that.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype
} else {
// Fallback: Return an object instance of the Buffer class
that.length = length
that._isBuffer = true
}
var fromPool = length !== 0 && length <= Buffer.poolSize >>> 1
if (fromPool) that.parent = rootParent
return that
}
function checked (length) {
// Note: cannot use `length < kMaxLength` here because that fails when
// length is NaN (which is otherwise coerced to zero.)
if (length >= kMaxLength()) {
throw new RangeError('Attempt to allocate Buffer larger than maximum ' +
'size: 0x' + kMaxLength().toString(16) + ' bytes')
}
return length | 0
}
function SlowBuffer (subject, encoding) {
if (!(this instanceof SlowBuffer)) return new SlowBuffer(subject, encoding)
var buf = new Buffer(subject, encoding)
delete buf.parent
return buf
}
Buffer.isBuffer = function isBuffer (b) {
return !!(b != null && b._isBuffer)
}
Buffer.compare = function compare (a, b) {
if (!Buffer.isBuffer(a) || !Buffer.isBuffer(b)) {
throw new TypeError('Arguments must be Buffers')
}
if (a === b) return 0
var x = a.length
var y = b.length
var i = 0
var len = Math.min(x, y)
while (i < len) {
if (a[i] !== b[i]) break
++i
}
if (i !== len) {
x = a[i]
y = b[i]
}
if (x < y) return -1
if (y < x) return 1
return 0
}
Buffer.isEncoding = function isEncoding (encoding) {
switch (String(encoding).toLowerCase()) {
case 'hex':
case 'utf8':
case 'utf-8':
case 'ascii':
case 'binary':
case 'base64':
case 'raw':
case 'ucs2':
case 'ucs-2':
case 'utf16le':
case 'utf-16le':
return true
default:
return false
}
}
Buffer.concat = function concat (list, length) {
if (!isArray(list)) throw new TypeError('list argument must be an Array of Buffers.')
if (list.length === 0) {
return new Buffer(0)
}
var i
if (length === undefined) {
length = 0
for (i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
length += list[i].length
}
}
var buf = new Buffer(length)
var pos = 0
for (i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
var item = list[i]
item.copy(buf, pos)
pos += item.length
}
return buf
}
function byteLength (string, encoding) {
if (typeof string !== 'string') string = '' + string
var len = string.length
if (len === 0) return 0
// Use a for loop to avoid recursion
var loweredCase = false
for (;;) {
switch (encoding) {
case 'ascii':
case 'binary':
// Deprecated
case 'raw':
case 'raws':
return len
case 'utf8':
case 'utf-8':
return utf8ToBytes(string).length
case 'ucs2':
case 'ucs-2':
case 'utf16le':
case 'utf-16le':
return len * 2
case 'hex':
return len >>> 1
case 'base64':
return base64ToBytes(string).length
default:
if (loweredCase) return utf8ToBytes(string).length // assume utf8
encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase()
loweredCase = true
}
}
}
Buffer.byteLength = byteLength
// pre-set for values that may exist in the future
Buffer.prototype.length = undefined
Buffer.prototype.parent = undefined
function slowToString (encoding, start, end) {
var loweredCase = false
start = start | 0
end = end === undefined || end === Infinity ? this.length : end | 0
if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8'
if (start < 0) start = 0
if (end > this.length) end = this.length
if (end <= start) return ''
while (true) {
switch (encoding) {
case 'hex':
return hexSlice(this, start, end)
case 'utf8':
case 'utf-8':
return utf8Slice(this, start, end)
case 'ascii':
return asciiSlice(this, start, end)
case 'binary':
return binarySlice(this, start, end)
case 'base64':
return base64Slice(this, start, end)
case 'ucs2':
case 'ucs-2':
case 'utf16le':
case 'utf-16le':
return utf16leSlice(this, start, end)
default:
if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
encoding = (encoding + '').toLowerCase()
loweredCase = true
}
}
}
Buffer.prototype.toString = function toString () {
var length = this.length | 0
if (length === 0) return ''
if (arguments.length === 0) return utf8Slice(this, 0, length)
return slowToString.apply(this, arguments)
}
Buffer.prototype.equals = function equals (b) {
if (!Buffer.isBuffer(b)) throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
if (this === b) return true
return Buffer.compare(this, b) === 0
}
Buffer.prototype.inspect = function inspect () {
var str = ''
var max = exports.INSPECT_MAX_BYTES
if (this.length > 0) {
str = this.toString('hex', 0, max).match(/.{2}/g).join(' ')
if (this.length > max) str += ' ... '
}
return '<Buffer ' + str + '>'
}
Buffer.prototype.compare = function compare (b) {
if (!Buffer.isBuffer(b)) throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
if (this === b) return 0
return Buffer.compare(this, b)
}
Buffer.prototype.indexOf = function indexOf (val, byteOffset) {
if (byteOffset > 0x7fffffff) byteOffset = 0x7fffffff
else if (byteOffset < -0x80000000) byteOffset = -0x80000000
byteOffset >>= 0
if (this.length === 0) return -1
if (byteOffset >= this.length) return -1
// Negative offsets start from the end of the buffer
if (byteOffset < 0) byteOffset = Math.max(this.length + byteOffset, 0)
if (typeof val === 'string') {
if (val.length === 0) return -1 // special case: looking for empty string always fails
return String.prototype.indexOf.call(this, val, byteOffset)
}
if (Buffer.isBuffer(val)) {
return arrayIndexOf(this, val, byteOffset)
}
if (typeof val === 'number') {
if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT && Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf === 'function') {
return Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf.call(this, val, byteOffset)
}
return arrayIndexOf(this, [ val ], byteOffset)
}
function arrayIndexOf (arr, val, byteOffset) {
var foundIndex = -1
for (var i = 0; byteOffset + i < arr.length; i++) {
if (arr[byteOffset + i] === val[foundIndex === -1 ? 0 : i - foundIndex]) {
if (foundIndex === -1) foundIndex = i
if (i - foundIndex + 1 === val.length) return byteOffset + foundIndex
} else {
foundIndex = -1
}
}
return -1
}
throw new TypeError('val must be string, number or Buffer')
}
// `get` is deprecated
Buffer.prototype.get = function get (offset) {
console.log('.get() is deprecated. Access using array indexes instead.')
return this.readUInt8(offset)
}
// `set` is deprecated
Buffer.prototype.set = function set (v, offset) {
console.log('.set() is deprecated. Access using array indexes instead.')
return this.writeUInt8(v, offset)
}
function hexWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
offset = Number(offset) || 0
var remaining = buf.length - offset
if (!length) {
length = remaining
} else {
length = Number(length)
if (length > remaining) {
length = remaining
}
}
// must be an even number of digits
var strLen = string.length
if (strLen % 2 !== 0) throw new Error('Invalid hex string')
if (length > strLen / 2) {
length = strLen / 2
}
for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
var parsed = parseInt(string.substr(i * 2, 2), 16)
if (isNaN(parsed)) throw new Error('Invalid hex string')
buf[offset + i] = parsed
}
return i
}
function utf8Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
return blitBuffer(utf8ToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length)
}
function asciiWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
return blitBuffer(asciiToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
}
function binaryWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
return asciiWrite(buf, string, offset, length)
}
function base64Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
return blitBuffer(base64ToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
}
function ucs2Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
return blitBuffer(utf16leToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length)
}
Buffer.prototype.write = function write (string, offset, length, encoding) {
// Buffer#write(string)
if (offset === undefined) {
encoding = 'utf8'
length = this.length
offset = 0
// Buffer#write(string, encoding)
} else if (length === undefined && typeof offset === 'string') {
encoding = offset
length = this.length
offset = 0
// Buffer#write(string, offset[, length][, encoding])
} else if (isFinite(offset)) {
offset = offset | 0
if (isFinite(length)) {
length = length | 0
if (encoding === undefined) encoding = 'utf8'
} else {
encoding = length
length = undefined
}
// legacy write(string, encoding, offset, length) - remove in v0.13
} else {
var swap = encoding
encoding = offset
offset = length | 0
length = swap
}
var remaining = this.length - offset
if (length === undefined || length > remaining) length = remaining
if ((string.length > 0 && (length < 0 || offset < 0)) || offset > this.length) {
throw new RangeError('attempt to write outside buffer bounds')
}
if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8'
var loweredCase = false
for (;;) {
switch (encoding) {
case 'hex':
return hexWrite(this, string, offset, length)
case 'utf8':
case 'utf-8':
return utf8Write(this, string, offset, length)
case 'ascii':
return asciiWrite(this, string, offset, length)
case 'binary':
return binaryWrite(this, string, offset, length)
case 'base64':
// Warning: maxLength not taken into account in base64Write
return base64Write(this, string, offset, length)
case 'ucs2':
case 'ucs-2':
case 'utf16le':
case 'utf-16le':
return ucs2Write(this, string, offset, length)
default:
if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase()
loweredCase = true
}
}
}
Buffer.prototype.toJSON = function toJSON () {
return {
type: 'Buffer',
data: Array.prototype.slice.call(this._arr || this, 0)
}
}
function base64Slice (buf, start, end) {
if (start === 0 && end === buf.length) {
return base64.fromByteArray(buf)
} else {
return base64.fromByteArray(buf.slice(start, end))
}
}
function utf8Slice (buf, start, end) {
end = Math.min(buf.length, end)
var res = []
var i = start
while (i < end) {
var firstByte = buf[i]
var codePoint = null
var bytesPerSequence = (firstByte > 0xEF) ? 4
: (firstByte > 0xDF) ? 3
: (firstByte > 0xBF) ? 2
: 1
if (i + bytesPerSequence <= end) {
var secondByte, thirdByte, fourthByte, tempCodePoint
switch (bytesPerSequence) {
case 1:
if (firstByte < 0x80) {
codePoint = firstByte
}
break
case 2:
secondByte = buf[i + 1]
if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0x1F) << 0x6 | (secondByte & 0x3F)
if (tempCodePoint > 0x7F) {
codePoint = tempCodePoint
}
}
break
case 3:
secondByte = buf[i + 1]
thirdByte = buf[i + 2]
if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (thirdByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0xF) << 0xC | (secondByte & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (thirdByte & 0x3F)
if (tempCodePoint > 0x7FF && (tempCodePoint < 0xD800 || tempCodePoint > 0xDFFF)) {
codePoint = tempCodePoint
}
}
break
case 4:
secondByte = buf[i + 1]
thirdByte = buf[i + 2]
fourthByte = buf[i + 3]
if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (thirdByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (fourthByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0xF) << 0x12 | (secondByte & 0x3F) << 0xC | (thirdByte & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (fourthByte & 0x3F)
if (tempCodePoint > 0xFFFF && tempCodePoint < 0x110000) {
codePoint = tempCodePoint
}
}
}
}
if (codePoint === null) {
// we did not generate a valid codePoint so insert a
// replacement char (U+FFFD) and advance only 1 byte
codePoint = 0xFFFD
bytesPerSequence = 1
} else if (codePoint > 0xFFFF) {
// encode to utf16 (surrogate pair dance)
codePoint -= 0x10000
res.push(codePoint >>> 10 & 0x3FF | 0xD800)
codePoint = 0xDC00 | codePoint & 0x3FF
}
res.push(codePoint)
i += bytesPerSequence
}
return decodeCodePointsArray(res)
}
// Based on http://stackoverflow.com/a/22747272/680742, the browser with
// the lowest limit is Chrome, with 0x10000 args.
// We go 1 magnitude less, for safety
var MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH = 0x1000
function decodeCodePointsArray (codePoints) {
var len = codePoints.length
if (len <= MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH) {
return String.fromCharCode.apply(String, codePoints) // avoid extra slice()
}
// Decode in chunks to avoid "call stack size exceeded".
var res = ''
var i = 0
while (i < len) {
res += String.fromCharCode.apply(
String,
codePoints.slice(i, i += MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH)
)
}
ret