arch-wiki-md-repo

Related articles * [init](/index.php/Init "Init") **Warning:** Arch Linux only has official support for [systemd](/index.php/Systemd "Systemd"). When using OpenRC, please mention so in support requests. [OpenRC](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/OpenRC) is a service manager maintained by the Gentoo developers. OpenRC is dependency based and works with the system provided init program, normally [SysVinit](/index.php/SysVinit "SysVinit"). ## Contents * [1 Installation](#Installation) * [1.1 Booting](#Booting) * [2 Configuration](#Configuration) * [2.1 Services](#Services) * [2.2 Network](#Network) * [2.3 Boot logs](#Boot_logs) * [2.4 Hostname](#Hostname) * [2.5 Kernel modules](#Kernel_modules) * [2.6 Locale](#Locale) * [3 Usage](#Usage) * [4 Tips and tricks](#Tips_and_tricks) * [4.1 Quiet booting](#Quiet_booting) * [5 Troubleshooting](#Troubleshooting) * [5.1 Error while unmounting /tmp](#Error_while_unmounting_.2Ftmp) * [5.2 Disabling IPv6 does not work](#Disabling_IPv6_does_not_work) * [5.3 During shutdown remounting root as read-only fails](#During_shutdown_remounting_root_as_read-only_fails) * [5.4 /etc/sysctl.conf not found](#.2Fetc.2Fsysctl.conf_not_found) * [5.5 opentmpfiles-setup failed to start](#opentmpfiles-setup_failed_to_start) * [6 Using OpenRC with a desktop environment](#Using_OpenRC_with_a_desktop_environment) * [7 Reverting to systemd](#Reverting_to_systemd) * [8 See also](#See_also) ## Installation **Warning:** [openrc](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/openrc/) depends (implicitly) on [sysvinit](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/sysvinit/), which conflicts with [systemd-sysvcompat](https://www.archlinux.org/packages/?name=systemd-sysvcompat). Therefore the system boots with plain sysvinit by default (not OpenRC or systemd), be sure to add a correct `init=*some-init*` kernel parameter. OpenRC and accompanying packages are available in the [AUR](/index.php/AUR "AUR"). For details on init components, see [Init](/index.php/Init "Init"). Install either the [openrc](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/openrc/) or [openrc-git](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/openrc-git/) package. From version 0.25 onward, OpenRC provides its own init at `/usr/bin/openrc-init`. Optionally, you can use other inits from, e.g., [busybox](https://www.archlinux.org/packages/?name=busybox) or [openrc-sysvinit](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/openrc-sysvinit/). Note that when `openrc-init` is used, it must be paired with `openrc-shutdown`, and *not* the `shutdown` or `reboot` commands from other packages, otherwise you will encounter errors. A basic set of service files are available from the [openrc-arch-services-git](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/openrc-arch-services-git/) package. Other packages may have service files provided outside this package; a search on the AUR is recommended. To maintain compatibility with [initscripts-fork](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/initscripts-fork/), configuration files are installed to `/etc/openrc/`. ### Booting For booting with OpenRC add your chosen init to the [kernel parameters](/index.php/Kernel_parameters "Kernel parameters"). OpenRC's built-in init is `/usr/bin/openrc-init`, and the one provided by [openrc-sysvinit](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/openrc-sysvinit/) is `/usr/bin/init-openrc`. ## Configuration The `/etc/openrc/conf.d` directory, and the `/etc/openrc/rc.d` file is used for configuration. For general information on configuring OpenRC, see: * [OpenRC manuals](http://www.calculate-linux.org/main/en/openrc_manuals) * [OpenRC migration](http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/openrc-migration.xml) * [gentoo wiki](http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/OpenRC). For instructions when migrating from [systemd](/index.php/Systemd "Systemd"), see [Init#Configuration](/index.php/Init#Configuration "Init"). ### Services OpenRC services are enabled by issuing `rc-update add *service_name* *runlevel*` as root. It is recommended to at least enable the following services: | Service name | [Runlevel](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/OpenRC#Named_runlevels) | Description | | udev | sysinit | Device hot-plugging | | alsa | default | [ALSA](/index.php/ALSA "ALSA") state | | acpid | default | ACPI events | | dbus | default | Messaging bus | | dcron | default | Scheduling | | syslog-ng | default | System logs | See also [Native services](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Systemd#Native_services) and [Daemons](/index.php/Daemons "Daemons"). ### Network The network is configured through `newnet`. [[1]](https://github.com/funtoo/openrc/blob/master/README.newnet) Modify the `/etc/openrc/conf.d/network` file; both the `ip` ([iproute2](https://www.archlinux.org/packages/?name=iproute2)) and the `ifconfig` ([net-tools](https://www.archlinux.org/packages/?name=net-tools)) commands are supported. Below is an example configuration using `ip`. ``` ip_eth0="192.168.1.2/24" defaultiproute="via 192.168.1.1" ifup_eth0="ip link set \$int mtu 1500" ``` The network service is added to the boot runlevel by default, so no further action is required. See [Network configuration](/index.php/Network_configuration "Network configuration") for general networking information. **Note:** You may also use [NetworkManager](/index.php/NetworkManager "NetworkManager"), [dhcpcd](/index.php/Dhcpcd "Dhcpcd") or [netcfg](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/netcfg/) by enabling the respective services. *netcfg* mimics the [netctl](/index.php/Netctl "Netctl") behaviour (see [[2]](https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1489283#p1489283) if you want to enable profiles connection on booting - requires `wpa_actiond`). See [netcfg features](https://www.archlinux.org/netcfg/features.html). ### Boot logs To enable boot logging, uncomment the `rc_logger="YES"` line in `/etc/openrc/rc.conf`. When enabled, boot logs are stored in `/var/log/rc.log`. ### Hostname OpenRC sets the hostname from `/etc/openrc/conf.d/hostname`. The file looks as follows: ``` # Set to the hostname of this machine hostname="myhostname" ``` ### Kernel modules OpenRC uses `/etc/openrc/conf.d/modules` instead of `/etc/modules-load.d`. For example: `/etc/openrc/conf.d/modules` ``` # You should consult your kernel documentation and configuration # for a list of modules and their options. modules="vboxdrv acpi_cpufreq" ``` ### Locale Keyboard layout can be configured via `/etc/openrc/conf.d/keymaps` and `/etc/openrc/conf.d/consolefont`. You can also configure the settings through the `/etc/locale.conf` file, which is sourced via `/etc/profile.d/locale.sh`. See [[3]](http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Localization/HOWTO#Keyboard_layout_for_the_console) and [Locale](/index.php/Locale "Locale") for details. ## Usage This section draws a parallel between [systemd](/index.php/Systemd "Systemd") and other [init](/index.php/Init "Init") systems. You can omit the `.service` and `.target` extensions, especially if temporarily editing the [kernel parameters](/index.php/Kernel_parameters "Kernel parameters"). | systemd | SysVinit | OpenRC | Description | | `systemctl list-units` | `rc.d list` | `rc-status` | List running services status | | `systemctl --failed` | `rc-status --crashed` | Check failed services | | `systemctl --all` | `rc-update -v show` | Display all available services. | | `systemctl (start, stop, restart, status) daemon.service` | `rc.d (start, stop, restart) daemon` | `rc-service daemon (start, stop, restart, status)` | Change service state. | | `systemctl (enable, disable) daemon.service` | `chkconfig daemon (on, off)` | `rc-update (add, del) daemon` | Turn service on or off. | | `systemctl daemon-reload` | `chkconfig daemon --add` | Create or modify configuration. | ## Tips and tricks ### Quiet booting To hide boot messages from OpenRC, you can edit `/etc/inittab` and add `--quiet` to every openrc command. For further information check with `$ openrc -h`. ## Troubleshooting ### Error while unmounting /tmp When shutting the system down, you might get an error message such as ``` * Unmounting /tmp ... * in use but fuser finds nothing [ !! ] ``` This can be fixed by adding ``` no_umounts="/tmp" ``` to `/etc/openrc/conf.d/localmount` **Note:** This problem occurs only if your tmp is mounted as a tmpfs. ### Disabling IPv6 does not work One option is to add: ``` # Disable ipv6 net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1 ``` in a file with a `.conf` extension under `/etc/openrc/sysctl.d` ### During shutdown remounting root as read-only fails If the above happens, edit the `/etc/openrc/init.d/mount-ro` file and put: ``` telinit u ``` after the following line: ``` # Flush all pending disk writes now sync; sync ``` ### /etc/sysctl.conf not found By default, `sysctl --system` is called to load the sysctl configuration. [[4]](https://github.com/OpenRC/openrc/blob/master/init.d/sysctl.Linux.in#L17) This includes the `/etc/sysctl.conf` file, which was removed from Arch. [[5]](https://www.archlinux.org/news/deprecation-of-etcsysctlconf/) To prevent a missing file error, create the file: ``` # touch /etc/sysctl.conf ``` ### opentmpfiles-setup failed to start On booting openrc you may see lines like these : ``` * Setting up tmpfiles.d entries ... chattr: Operation not supported while setting flags on /var/log/journal chattr: No such file or directory while trying to stat /var/log/journal/%m chattr: Operation not supported while setting flags on /var/log/journal/remote [ !! ] ERROR: opentmpfiles-setup failed to start ``` This is caused by `/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/journal-nocow.conf` using options that are only valid if journal is on a btrfs filesystem. See [https://github.com/OpenRC/opentmpfiles/issues/2](https://github.com/OpenRC/opentmpfiles/issues/2) for details A workaround is to create an empty /etc/tmpfiles.d/journal-nocow.conf to override the settings. ## Using OpenRC with a desktop environment If using *OpenRC* with a [desktop environment](/index.php/Desktop_environment "Desktop environment"), ConsoleKit may help. Install the [service](https://gist.github.com/ad73f9087f39d7cadd8e) to `/etc/openrc/init.d`, and enable it: ``` # rc-update add consolekit default ``` See [ConsoleKit](/index.php/ConsoleKit "ConsoleKit") for more information. Begin with OpenRC 0.28 SysVinit is replaced with openrc-init, shutdown is replaced with openrc-shutdown, by using consolekit the system may hang up when shuting down from desktop session. So use [elogind-openrc](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/elogind-openrc/) instead. Enable it with: ``` # rc-update add elogind default ``` Also you need to replace polkit-consolekit with [polkit-elogind](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/polkit-elogind/), or the system will alarm "not authorized to perform operation" when mounting usb device, and can't reboot or shutdown from the desktop session. ## Reverting to systemd Reverting to systemd should be straightforward in most cases. It is essentially the reversal of migrating to OpenRC, with care placed on the following: * Removal of, or otherwise editing, the `init=` parameter on the kernel command line * Replacement of any OpenRC-tailored or no-systemd packages with their stock equivalents (e.g. replacement of [dbus-nosystemd](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/dbus-nosystemd/) with [dbus](https://www.archlinux.org/packages/?name=dbus)) ## See also * [Wikipedia:OpenRC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenRC "wikipedia:OpenRC") * [Gentoo wiki](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/OpenRC) * [Forum thread about OpenRC in Arch](https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=152606) * [Blog: OpenRC on Arch Linux](http://blog.notfoss.com/posts/openrc-on-arch-linux/) * [Manjaro wiki](https://wiki.manjaro.org/index.php?title=OpenRC,_an_alternative_to_systemd)