adpa-enterprise-framework-automation/docs/AUTHENTICATION-DESIGN-SPECIFICATION.md

Modular, standards-compliant Node.js/TypeScript automation framework for enterprise requirements, project, and data management. Provides CLI and API for BABOK v3, PMBOK 7th Edition, and DMBOK 2.0 (in progress). Production-ready Express.js API with TypeSpe

# Authentication Design Specification for ADPA

## Executive Summary

This document outlines the comprehensive authentication design for the Automated Document Processing and Analysis (ADPA) system, with a focus on enterprise-grade security using Microsoft Entra ID (formerly Azure Active Directory) for AI provider access and overall system security.

## Table of Contents

1. [Overview](#overview)
2. [Authentication Requirements](#authentication-requirements)
3. [Architecture Design](#architecture-design)
4. [Entra ID Integration](#entra-id-integration)
5. [AI Provider Authentication](#ai-provider-authentication)
6. [Security Considerations](#security-considerations)
7. [Implementation Phases](#implementation-phases)
8. [Compliance and Standards](#compliance-and-standards)

## Overview

### Current State
- Basic API key authentication for development
- Simple JWT token validation
- No enterprise identity integration
- Limited role-based access control

### Target State
- Enterprise-grade authentication using Microsoft Entra ID
- Secure AI provider access with managed identities
- Comprehensive role-based access control (RBAC)
- Multi-factor authentication (MFA) support
- Audit logging and compliance reporting

## Authentication Requirements

### Functional Requirements

#### FR-1: Enterprise Identity Integration
- **Requirement**: Integrate with Microsoft Entra ID for user authentication
- **Priority**: High
- **Rationale**: Enterprise security standards require centralized identity management

#### FR-2: AI Provider Secure Access
- **Requirement**: Secure authentication to AI providers (Azure OpenAI, Google AI, GitHub AI)
- **Priority**: High
- **Rationale**: Protect sensitive AI processing capabilities and prevent unauthorized usage

#### FR-3: Role-Based Access Control
- **Requirement**: Implement granular RBAC with predefined roles
- **Priority**: High
- **Rationale**: Different user types require different access levels

#### FR-4: Multi-Factor Authentication
- **Requirement**: Support MFA for enhanced security
- **Priority**: Medium
- **Rationale**: Additional security layer for sensitive operations

#### FR-5: Token Management
- **Requirement**: Secure token issuance, refresh, and revocation
- **Priority**: High
- **Rationale**: Proper token lifecycle management is critical for security

### Non-Functional Requirements

#### NFR-1: Performance
- Authentication response time < 200ms
- Token validation < 50ms
- Support for 1000+ concurrent users

#### NFR-2: Availability
- 99.9% uptime for authentication services
- Graceful degradation during Entra ID outages

#### NFR-3: Security
- Compliance with OWASP authentication guidelines
- Zero-trust security model
- Encrypted communication (TLS 1.3)

#### NFR-4: Scalability
- Horizontal scaling capability
- Stateless authentication design
- Caching for improved performance

## Architecture Design

### High-Level Architecture

```
┌─────────────────┐    ┌─────────────────┐    ┌─────────────────┐
│   Client Apps   │    │   Admin Panel   │    │   Mobile Apps   │
│                 │    │                 │    │                 │
└─────────┬───────┘    └─────────┬───────┘    └─────────┬───────┘
          │                      │                      │
          └──────────────────────┼──────────────────────┘
                                 │
                    ┌─────────────▼─────────────┐
                    │     API Gateway          │
                    │   (Authentication)       │
                    └─────────────┬─────────────┘
                                 │
                    ┌─────────────▼─────────────┐
                    │   Authentication         │
                    │     Service              │
                    └─────────────┬─────────────┘
                                 │
          ┌──────────────────────┼──────────────────────┐
          │                      │                      │
┌─────────▼───────┐    ┌─────────▼───────┐    ┌─────────▼───────┐
│  Microsoft      │    │   AI Provider   │    │   ADPA Core     │
│  Entra ID       │    │  Authentication  │    │   Services      │
│                 │    │                 │    │                 │
└─────────────────┘    └─────────────────┘    └─────────────────┘
```

### Authentication Flow

#### 1. User Authentication Flow
```
User → Client App → API Gateway → Entra ID → Token → API Gateway → Client App
```

#### 2. AI Provider Authentication Flow
```
ADPA Service → Managed Identity → Entra ID → AI Provider Token → AI Provider API
```

### Component Design

#### Authentication Service Components

1. **Identity Provider Interface**
   - Entra ID integration
   - Token validation
   - User profile management

2. **Authorization Engine**
   - Role-based access control
   - Permission evaluation
   - Policy enforcement

3. **Token Manager**
   - JWT token generation
   - Token refresh handling
   - Token revocation

4. **Audit Logger**
   - Authentication events
   - Authorization decisions
   - Security incidents

## Entra ID Integration

### Configuration Requirements

#### Application Registration
```json
{
  "applicationId": "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx",
  "displayName": "ADPA Authentication Service",
  "signInAudience": "AzureADMyOrg",
  "requiredResourceAccess": [
    {
      "resourceAppId": "00000003-0000-0000-c000-000000000000",
      "resourceAccess": [
        {
          "id": "e1fe6dd8-ba31-4d61-89e7-88639da4683d",
          "type": "Scope"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
```

#### API Permissions
- **Microsoft Graph API**
  - User.Read (Delegated)
  - User.ReadBasic.All (Application)
  - Group.Read.All (Application)

#### Authentication Flows
1. **Authorization Code Flow** (Web applications)
2. **Client Credentials Flow** (Service-to-service)
3. **Device Code Flow** (CLI applications)

### User Roles and Permissions

#### Predefined Roles

1. **System Administrator**
   - Full system access
   - User management
   - Configuration changes
   - Audit log access

2. **Project Manager**
   - Project creation and management
   - Team member assignment
   - Document approval workflows
   - Analytics and reporting

3. **Business Analyst**
   - Document generation
   - Template management
   - Requirements gathering
   - Stakeholder collaboration

4. **Developer**
   - API access
   - Integration development
   - Technical documentation
   - System monitoring

5. **Viewer**
   - Read-only access
   - Document viewing
   - Basic reporting
   - Limited download capabilities

#### Permission Matrix

| Resource | Admin | PM | BA | Dev | Viewer |
|----------|-------|----|----|-----|--------|
| Users | CRUD | R | R | R | R |
| Projects | CRUD | CRUD | CRU | R | R |
| Documents | CRUD | CRUD | CRUD | R | R |
| Templates | CRUD | CRU | CRUD | R | R |
| AI Providers | CRUD | R | R | CRUD | - |
| System Config | CRUD | R | - | R | - |
| Audit Logs | R | R | - | R | - |

## AI Provider Authentication

### Azure OpenAI Integration

#### Managed Identity Configuration
```typescript
interface AzureOpenAIConfig {
  endpoint: string;
  managedIdentityClientId?: string;
  deploymentName: string;
  apiVersion: string;
  useEntraId: boolean;
}
```

#### Authentication Methods

1. **Managed Identity** (Recommended)
   - System-assigned managed identity
   - User-assigned managed identity
   - No credential management required

2. **Service Principal**
   - Client ID and secret
   - Certificate-based authentication
   - Explicit credential rotation

3. **API Key** (Development only)
   - Simple key-based authentication
   - Not recommended for production

### Google AI Integration

#### Service Account Configuration
```json
{
  "type": "service_account",
  "project_id": "adpa-project",
  "private_key_id": "key-id",
  "private_key": "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\n...",
  "client_email": "adpa-service@adpa-project.iam.gserviceaccount.com",
  "client_id": "client-id",
  "auth_uri": "https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth",
  "token_uri": "https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token"
}
```

### GitHub AI Integration

#### Personal Access Token (PAT)
- Fine-grained permissions
- Repository-specific access
- Automatic expiration

## Security Considerations

### Security Controls

#### SC-1: Encryption
- **In Transit**: TLS 1.3 for all communications
- **At Rest**: AES-256 encryption for stored tokens
- **Key Management**: Azure Key Vault integration

#### SC-2: Token Security
- **JWT Signing**: RS256 algorithm
- **Token Expiration**: Short-lived access tokens (15 minutes)
- **Refresh Tokens**: Secure storage and rotation

#### SC-3: Network Security
- **IP Whitelisting**: Restrict access by IP ranges
- **Rate Limiting**: Prevent brute force attacks
- **DDoS Protection**: Azure Front Door integration

#### SC-4: Monitoring and Alerting
- **Failed Authentication Attempts**: Alert after 5 failures
- **Unusual Access Patterns**: ML-based anomaly detection
- **Privilege Escalation**: Real-time monitoring

### Threat Model

#### Identified Threats

1. **T-1: Credential Theft**
   - **Mitigation**: MFA, short token lifetimes, secure storage

2. **T-2: Token Hijacking**
   - **Mitigation**: HTTPS only, secure cookies, token binding

3. **T-3: Privilege Escalation**
   - **Mitigation**: Principle of least privilege, regular access reviews

4. **T-4: AI Provider Abuse**
   - **Mitigation**: Usage monitoring, rate limiting, cost controls

5. **T-5: Insider Threats**
   - **Mitigation**: Audit logging, segregation of duties, background checks

## Implementation Phases

### Phase 1: Foundation (Weeks 1-2)
- [ ] Entra ID application registration
- [ ] Basic authentication middleware
- [ ] JWT token implementation
- [ ] Role definition and assignment

### Phase 2: Core Integration (Weeks 3-4)
- [ ] Entra ID OAuth2 flow implementation
- [ ] User profile synchronization
- [ ] Permission-based authorization
- [ ] Basic audit logging

### Phase 3: AI Provider Security (Weeks 5-6)
- [ ] Managed identity configuration
- [ ] Azure OpenAI secure access
- [ ] Google AI service account setup
- [ ] GitHub AI token management

### Phase 4: Advanced Features (Weeks 7-8)
- [ ] Multi-factor authentication
- [ ] Advanced monitoring and alerting
- [ ] Security incident response
- [ ] Performance optimization

### Phase 5: Production Readiness (Weeks 9-10)
- [ ] Security testing and penetration testing
- [ ] Compliance validation
- [ ] Documentation completion
- [ ] Production deployment

## Compliance and Standards

### Regulatory Compliance

#### SOC 2 Type II
- Security controls implementation
- Availability monitoring
- Processing integrity
- Confidentiality measures

#### ISO 27001
- Information security management system
- Risk assessment and treatment
- Security controls catalog
- Continuous improvement

#### GDPR
- Data protection by design
- User consent management
- Right to be forgotten
- Data breach notification

### Industry Standards

#### OWASP Top 10
- Injection prevention
- Broken authentication mitigation
- Sensitive data exposure protection
- Security misconfiguration prevention

#### NIST Cybersecurity Framework
- Identify: Asset and risk management
- Protect: Access control and data security
- Detect: Monitoring and detection
- Respond: Incident response procedures
- Recover: Business continuity planning

## Conclusion

This authentication design specification provides a comprehensive framework for implementing enterprise-grade security in the ADPA system. The phased approach ensures systematic implementation while maintaining security best practices throughout the development process.

The integration with Microsoft Entra ID provides the foundation for enterprise identity management, while the secure AI provider authentication ensures that sensitive AI processing capabilities are properly protected.

Regular security reviews and compliance assessments will ensure that the authentication system continues to meet evolving security requirements and industry standards.