@venusprotocol/governance-contracts/deployments/bscmainnet/solcInputs/db6b0ae0deb880a0e14a01eaf63a29f0.json

- NodeJS - 12.x

{
  "language": "Solidity",
  "sources": {
    "@layerzerolabs/lz-evm-protocol-v2/contracts/interfaces/ILayerZeroEndpointV2.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npragma solidity >=0.8.0;\n\nimport { IMessageLibManager } from \"./IMessageLibManager.sol\";\nimport { IMessagingComposer } from \"./IMessagingComposer.sol\";\nimport { IMessagingChannel } from \"./IMessagingChannel.sol\";\nimport { IMessagingContext } from \"./IMessagingContext.sol\";\n\nstruct MessagingParams {\n    uint32 dstEid;\n    bytes32 receiver;\n    bytes message;\n    bytes options;\n    bool payInLzToken;\n}\n\nstruct MessagingReceipt {\n    bytes32 guid;\n    uint64 nonce;\n    MessagingFee fee;\n}\n\nstruct MessagingFee {\n    uint256 nativeFee;\n    uint256 lzTokenFee;\n}\n\nstruct Origin {\n    uint32 srcEid;\n    bytes32 sender;\n    uint64 nonce;\n}\n\ninterface ILayerZeroEndpointV2 is IMessageLibManager, IMessagingComposer, IMessagingChannel, IMessagingContext {\n    event PacketSent(bytes encodedPayload, bytes options, address sendLibrary);\n\n    event PacketVerified(Origin origin, address receiver, bytes32 payloadHash);\n\n    event PacketDelivered(Origin origin, address receiver);\n\n    event LzReceiveAlert(\n        address indexed receiver,\n        address indexed executor,\n        Origin origin,\n        bytes32 guid,\n        uint256 gas,\n        uint256 value,\n        bytes message,\n        bytes extraData,\n        bytes reason\n    );\n\n    event LzTokenSet(address token);\n\n    event DelegateSet(address sender, address delegate);\n\n    function quote(MessagingParams calldata _params, address _sender) external view returns (MessagingFee memory);\n\n    function send(\n        MessagingParams calldata _params,\n        address _refundAddress\n    ) external payable returns (MessagingReceipt memory);\n\n    function verify(Origin calldata _origin, address _receiver, bytes32 _payloadHash) external;\n\n    function verifiable(Origin calldata _origin, address _receiver) external view returns (bool);\n\n    function initializable(Origin calldata _origin, address _receiver) external view returns (bool);\n\n    function lzReceive(\n        Origin calldata _origin,\n        address _receiver,\n        bytes32 _guid,\n        bytes calldata _message,\n        bytes calldata _extraData\n    ) external payable;\n\n    // oapp can burn messages partially by calling this function with its own business logic if messages are verified in order\n    function clear(address _oapp, Origin calldata _origin, bytes32 _guid, bytes calldata _message) external;\n\n    function setLzToken(address _lzToken) external;\n\n    function lzToken() external view returns (address);\n\n    function nativeToken() external view returns (address);\n\n    function setDelegate(address _delegate) external;\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/lz-evm-protocol-v2/contracts/interfaces/ILayerZeroReceiver.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npragma solidity >=0.8.0;\n\nimport { Origin } from \"./ILayerZeroEndpointV2.sol\";\n\ninterface ILayerZeroReceiver {\n    function allowInitializePath(Origin calldata _origin) external view returns (bool);\n\n    function nextNonce(uint32 _eid, bytes32 _sender) external view returns (uint64);\n\n    function lzReceive(\n        Origin calldata _origin,\n        bytes32 _guid,\n        bytes calldata _message,\n        address _executor,\n        bytes calldata _extraData\n    ) external payable;\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/lz-evm-protocol-v2/contracts/interfaces/IMessageLibManager.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npragma solidity >=0.8.0;\n\nstruct SetConfigParam {\n    uint32 eid;\n    uint32 configType;\n    bytes config;\n}\n\ninterface IMessageLibManager {\n    struct Timeout {\n        address lib;\n        uint256 expiry;\n    }\n\n    event LibraryRegistered(address newLib);\n    event DefaultSendLibrarySet(uint32 eid, address newLib);\n    event DefaultReceiveLibrarySet(uint32 eid, address newLib);\n    event DefaultReceiveLibraryTimeoutSet(uint32 eid, address oldLib, uint256 expiry);\n    event SendLibrarySet(address sender, uint32 eid, address newLib);\n    event ReceiveLibrarySet(address receiver, uint32 eid, address newLib);\n    event ReceiveLibraryTimeoutSet(address receiver, uint32 eid, address oldLib, uint256 timeout);\n\n    function registerLibrary(address _lib) external;\n\n    function isRegisteredLibrary(address _lib) external view returns (bool);\n\n    function getRegisteredLibraries() external view returns (address[] memory);\n\n    function setDefaultSendLibrary(uint32 _eid, address _newLib) external;\n\n    function defaultSendLibrary(uint32 _eid) external view returns (address);\n\n    function setDefaultReceiveLibrary(uint32 _eid, address _newLib, uint256 _gracePeriod) external;\n\n    function defaultReceiveLibrary(uint32 _eid) external view returns (address);\n\n    function setDefaultReceiveLibraryTimeout(uint32 _eid, address _lib, uint256 _expiry) external;\n\n    function defaultReceiveLibraryTimeout(uint32 _eid) external view returns (address lib, uint256 expiry);\n\n    function isSupportedEid(uint32 _eid) external view returns (bool);\n\n    function isValidReceiveLibrary(address _receiver, uint32 _eid, address _lib) external view returns (bool);\n\n    /// ------------------- OApp interfaces -------------------\n    function setSendLibrary(address _oapp, uint32 _eid, address _newLib) external;\n\n    function getSendLibrary(address _sender, uint32 _eid) external view returns (address lib);\n\n    function isDefaultSendLibrary(address _sender, uint32 _eid) external view returns (bool);\n\n    function setReceiveLibrary(address _oapp, uint32 _eid, address _newLib, uint256 _gracePeriod) external;\n\n    function getReceiveLibrary(address _receiver, uint32 _eid) external view returns (address lib, bool isDefault);\n\n    function setReceiveLibraryTimeout(address _oapp, uint32 _eid, address _lib, uint256 _expiry) external;\n\n    function receiveLibraryTimeout(address _receiver, uint32 _eid) external view returns (address lib, uint256 expiry);\n\n    function setConfig(address _oapp, address _lib, SetConfigParam[] calldata _params) external;\n\n    function getConfig(\n        address _oapp,\n        address _lib,\n        uint32 _eid,\n        uint32 _configType\n    ) external view returns (bytes memory config);\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/lz-evm-protocol-v2/contracts/interfaces/IMessagingChannel.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npragma solidity >=0.8.0;\n\ninterface IMessagingChannel {\n    event InboundNonceSkipped(uint32 srcEid, bytes32 sender, address receiver, uint64 nonce);\n    event PacketNilified(uint32 srcEid, bytes32 sender, address receiver, uint64 nonce, bytes32 payloadHash);\n    event PacketBurnt(uint32 srcEid, bytes32 sender, address receiver, uint64 nonce, bytes32 payloadHash);\n\n    function eid() external view returns (uint32);\n\n    // this is an emergency function if a message cannot be verified for some reasons\n    // required to provide _nextNonce to avoid race condition\n    function skip(address _oapp, uint32 _srcEid, bytes32 _sender, uint64 _nonce) external;\n\n    function nilify(address _oapp, uint32 _srcEid, bytes32 _sender, uint64 _nonce, bytes32 _payloadHash) external;\n\n    function burn(address _oapp, uint32 _srcEid, bytes32 _sender, uint64 _nonce, bytes32 _payloadHash) external;\n\n    function nextGuid(address _sender, uint32 _dstEid, bytes32 _receiver) external view returns (bytes32);\n\n    function inboundNonce(address _receiver, uint32 _srcEid, bytes32 _sender) external view returns (uint64);\n\n    function outboundNonce(address _sender, uint32 _dstEid, bytes32 _receiver) external view returns (uint64);\n\n    function inboundPayloadHash(\n        address _receiver,\n        uint32 _srcEid,\n        bytes32 _sender,\n        uint64 _nonce\n    ) external view returns (bytes32);\n\n    function lazyInboundNonce(address _receiver, uint32 _srcEid, bytes32 _sender) external view returns (uint64);\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/lz-evm-protocol-v2/contracts/interfaces/IMessagingComposer.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npragma solidity >=0.8.0;\n\ninterface IMessagingComposer {\n    event ComposeSent(address from, address to, bytes32 guid, uint16 index, bytes message);\n    event ComposeDelivered(address from, address to, bytes32 guid, uint16 index);\n    event LzComposeAlert(\n        address indexed from,\n        address indexed to,\n        address indexed executor,\n        bytes32 guid,\n        uint16 index,\n        uint256 gas,\n        uint256 value,\n        bytes message,\n        bytes extraData,\n        bytes reason\n    );\n\n    function composeQueue(\n        address _from,\n        address _to,\n        bytes32 _guid,\n        uint16 _index\n    ) external view returns (bytes32 messageHash);\n\n    function sendCompose(address _to, bytes32 _guid, uint16 _index, bytes calldata _message) external;\n\n    function lzCompose(\n        address _from,\n        address _to,\n        bytes32 _guid,\n        uint16 _index,\n        bytes calldata _message,\n        bytes calldata _extraData\n    ) external payable;\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/lz-evm-protocol-v2/contracts/interfaces/IMessagingContext.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npragma solidity >=0.8.0;\n\ninterface IMessagingContext {\n    function isSendingMessage() external view returns (bool);\n\n    function getSendContext() external view returns (uint32 dstEid, address sender);\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/lz-evm-protocol-v2/contracts/libs/AddressCast.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: LZBL-1.2\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nlibrary AddressCast {\n    error AddressCast_InvalidSizeForAddress();\n    error AddressCast_InvalidAddress();\n\n    function toBytes32(bytes calldata _addressBytes) internal pure returns (bytes32 result) {\n        if (_addressBytes.length > 32) revert AddressCast_InvalidAddress();\n        result = bytes32(_addressBytes);\n        unchecked {\n            uint256 offset = 32 - _addressBytes.length;\n            result = result >> (offset * 8);\n        }\n    }\n\n    function toBytes32(address _address) internal pure returns (bytes32 result) {\n        result = bytes32(uint256(uint160(_address)));\n    }\n\n    function toBytes(bytes32 _addressBytes32, uint256 _size) internal pure returns (bytes memory result) {\n        if (_size == 0 || _size > 32) revert AddressCast_InvalidSizeForAddress();\n        result = new bytes(_size);\n        unchecked {\n            uint256 offset = 256 - _size * 8;\n            assembly {\n                mstore(add(result, 32), shl(offset, _addressBytes32))\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    function toAddress(bytes32 _addressBytes32) internal pure returns (address result) {\n        result = address(uint160(uint256(_addressBytes32)));\n    }\n\n    function toAddress(bytes calldata _addressBytes) internal pure returns (address result) {\n        if (_addressBytes.length != 20) revert AddressCast_InvalidAddress();\n        result = address(bytes20(_addressBytes));\n    }\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/oapp-evm/contracts/oapp/interfaces/IOAppCore.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport { ILayerZeroEndpointV2 } from \"@layerzerolabs/lz-evm-protocol-v2/contracts/interfaces/ILayerZeroEndpointV2.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @title IOAppCore\n */\ninterface IOAppCore {\n    // Custom error messages\n    error OnlyPeer(uint32 eid, bytes32 sender);\n    error NoPeer(uint32 eid);\n    error InvalidEndpointCall();\n    error InvalidDelegate();\n\n    // Event emitted when a peer (OApp) is set for a corresponding endpoint\n    event PeerSet(uint32 eid, bytes32 peer);\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Retrieves the OApp version information.\n     * @return senderVersion The version of the OAppSender.sol contract.\n     * @return receiverVersion The version of the OAppReceiver.sol contract.\n     */\n    function oAppVersion() external view returns (uint64 senderVersion, uint64 receiverVersion);\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Retrieves the LayerZero endpoint associated with the OApp.\n     * @return iEndpoint The LayerZero endpoint as an interface.\n     */\n    function endpoint() external view returns (ILayerZeroEndpointV2 iEndpoint);\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Retrieves the peer (OApp) associated with a corresponding endpoint.\n     * @param _eid The endpoint ID.\n     * @return peer The peer address (OApp instance) associated with the corresponding endpoint.\n     */\n    function peers(uint32 _eid) external view returns (bytes32 peer);\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Sets the peer address (OApp instance) for a corresponding endpoint.\n     * @param _eid The endpoint ID.\n     * @param _peer The address of the peer to be associated with the corresponding endpoint.\n     */\n    function setPeer(uint32 _eid, bytes32 _peer) external;\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Sets the delegate address for the OApp Core.\n     * @param _delegate The address of the delegate to be set.\n     */\n    function setDelegate(address _delegate) external;\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/oapp-evm/contracts/oapp/interfaces/IOAppOptionsType3.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\n/**\n * @dev Struct representing enforced option parameters.\n */\nstruct EnforcedOptionParam {\n    uint32 eid; // Endpoint ID\n    uint16 msgType; // Message Type\n    bytes options; // Additional options\n}\n\n/**\n * @title IOAppOptionsType3\n * @dev Interface for the OApp with Type 3 Options, allowing the setting and combining of enforced options.\n */\ninterface IOAppOptionsType3 {\n    // Custom error message for invalid options\n    error InvalidOptions(bytes options);\n\n    // Event emitted when enforced options are set\n    event EnforcedOptionSet(EnforcedOptionParam[] _enforcedOptions);\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Sets enforced options for specific endpoint and message type combinations.\n     * @param _enforcedOptions An array of EnforcedOptionParam structures specifying enforced options.\n     */\n    function setEnforcedOptions(EnforcedOptionParam[] calldata _enforcedOptions) external;\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Combines options for a given endpoint and message type.\n     * @param _eid The endpoint ID.\n     * @param _msgType The OApp message type.\n     * @param _extraOptions Additional options passed by the caller.\n     * @return options The combination of caller specified options AND enforced options.\n     */\n    function combineOptions(\n        uint32 _eid,\n        uint16 _msgType,\n        bytes calldata _extraOptions\n    ) external view returns (bytes memory options);\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/oapp-evm/contracts/oapp/interfaces/IOAppReceiver.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport { ILayerZeroReceiver, Origin } from \"@layerzerolabs/lz-evm-protocol-v2/contracts/interfaces/ILayerZeroReceiver.sol\";\n\ninterface IOAppReceiver is ILayerZeroReceiver {\n    /**\n     * @notice Indicates whether an address is an approved composeMsg sender to the Endpoint.\n     * @param _origin The origin information containing the source endpoint and sender address.\n     *  - srcEid: The source chain endpoint ID.\n     *  - sender: The sender address on the src chain.\n     *  - nonce: The nonce of the message.\n     * @param _message The lzReceive payload.\n     * @param _sender The sender address.\n     * @return isSender Is a valid sender.\n     *\n     * @dev Applications can optionally choose to implement a separate composeMsg sender that is NOT the bridging layer.\n     * @dev The default sender IS the OAppReceiver implementer.\n     */\n    function isComposeMsgSender(\n        Origin calldata _origin,\n        bytes calldata _message,\n        address _sender\n    ) external view returns (bool isSender);\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/oapp-evm/contracts/oapp/libs/OAppOptionsType3.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport { Ownable } from \"@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol\";\nimport { IOAppOptionsType3, EnforcedOptionParam } from \"../interfaces/IOAppOptionsType3.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @title OAppOptionsType3\n * @dev Abstract contract implementing the IOAppOptionsType3 interface with type 3 options.\n */\nabstract contract OAppOptionsType3 is IOAppOptionsType3, Ownable {\n    uint16 internal constant OPTION_TYPE_3 = 3;\n\n    // @dev The \"msgType\" should be defined in the child contract.\n    mapping(uint32 eid => mapping(uint16 msgType => bytes enforcedOption)) public enforcedOptions;\n\n    /**\n     * @dev Sets the enforced options for specific endpoint and message type combinations.\n     * @param _enforcedOptions An array of EnforcedOptionParam structures specifying enforced options.\n     *\n     * @dev Only the owner/admin of the OApp can call this function.\n     * @dev Provides a way for the OApp to enforce things like paying for PreCrime, AND/OR minimum dst lzReceive gas amounts etc.\n     * @dev These enforced options can vary as the potential options/execution on the remote may differ as per the msgType.\n     * eg. Amount of lzReceive() gas necessary to deliver a lzCompose() message adds overhead you dont want to pay\n     * if you are only making a standard LayerZero message ie. lzReceive() WITHOUT sendCompose().\n     */\n    function setEnforcedOptions(EnforcedOptionParam[] calldata _enforcedOptions) public virtual onlyOwner {\n        _setEnforcedOptions(_enforcedOptions);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @dev Sets the enforced options for specific endpoint and message type combinations.\n     * @param _enforcedOptions An array of EnforcedOptionParam structures specifying enforced options.\n     *\n     * @dev Provides a way for the OApp to enforce things like paying for PreCrime, AND/OR minimum dst lzReceive gas amounts etc.\n     * @dev These enforced options can vary as the potential options/execution on the remote may differ as per the msgType.\n     * eg. Amount of lzReceive() gas necessary to deliver a lzCompose() message adds overhead you dont want to pay\n     * if you are only making a standard LayerZero message ie. lzReceive() WITHOUT sendCompose().\n     */\n    function _setEnforcedOptions(EnforcedOptionParam[] memory _enforcedOptions) internal virtual {\n        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _enforcedOptions.length; i++) {\n            // @dev Enforced options are only available for optionType 3, as type 1 and 2 dont support combining.\n            _assertOptionsType3(_enforcedOptions[i].options);\n            enforcedOptions[_enforcedOptions[i].eid][_enforcedOptions[i].msgType] = _enforcedOptions[i].options;\n        }\n\n        emit EnforcedOptionSet(_enforcedOptions);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Combines options for a given endpoint and message type.\n     * @param _eid The endpoint ID.\n     * @param _msgType The OAPP message type.\n     * @param _extraOptions Additional options passed by the caller.\n     * @return options The combination of caller specified options AND enforced options.\n     *\n     * @dev If there is an enforced lzReceive option:\n     * - {gasLimit: 200k, msg.value: 1 ether} AND a caller supplies a lzReceive option: {gasLimit: 100k, msg.value: 0.5 ether}\n     * - The resulting options will be {gasLimit: 300k, msg.value: 1.5 ether} when the message is executed on the remote lzReceive() function.\n     * @dev This presence of duplicated options is handled off-chain in the verifier/executor.\n     */\n    function combineOptions(\n        uint32 _eid,\n        uint16 _msgType,\n        bytes calldata _extraOptions\n    ) public view virtual returns (bytes memory) {\n        bytes memory enforced = enforcedOptions[_eid][_msgType];\n\n        // No enforced options, pass whatever the caller supplied, even if it's empty or legacy type 1/2 options.\n        if (enforced.length == 0) return _extraOptions;\n\n        // No caller options, return enforced\n        if (_extraOptions.length == 0) return enforced;\n\n        // @dev If caller provided _extraOptions, must be type 3 as its the ONLY type that can be combined.\n        if (_extraOptions.length >= 2) {\n            _assertOptionsType3(_extraOptions);\n            // @dev Remove the first 2 bytes containing the type from the _extraOptions and combine with enforced.\n            return bytes.concat(enforced, _extraOptions[2:]);\n        }\n\n        // No valid set of options was found.\n        revert InvalidOptions(_extraOptions);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @dev Internal function to assert that options are of type 3.\n     * @param _options The options to be checked.\n     */\n    function _assertOptionsType3(bytes memory _options) internal pure virtual {\n        uint16 optionsType;\n        assembly {\n            optionsType := mload(add(_options, 2))\n        }\n        if (optionsType != OPTION_TYPE_3) revert InvalidOptions(_options);\n    }\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/oapp-evm/contracts/oapp/libs/ReadCodecV1.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport { SafeCast } from \"@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/SafeCast.sol\";\n\nstruct EVMCallRequestV1 {\n    uint16 appRequestLabel; // Label identifying the application or type of request (can be use in lzCompute)\n    uint32 targetEid; // Target endpoint ID (representing a target blockchain)\n    bool isBlockNum; // True if the request = block number, false if timestamp\n    uint64 blockNumOrTimestamp; // Block number or timestamp to use in the request\n    uint16 confirmations; // Number of block confirmations on top of the requested block number or timestamp before the view function can be called\n    address to; // Address of the target contract on the target chain\n    bytes callData; // Calldata for the contract call\n}\n\nstruct EVMCallComputeV1 {\n    uint8 computeSetting; // Compute setting (0 = map only, 1 = reduce only, 2 = map reduce)\n    uint32 targetEid; // Target endpoint ID (representing a target blockchain)\n    bool isBlockNum; // True if the request = block number, false if timestamp\n    uint64 blockNumOrTimestamp; // Block number or timestamp to use in the request\n    uint16 confirmations; // Number of block confirmations on top of the requested block number or timestamp before the view function can be called\n    address to; // Address of the target contract on the target chain\n}\n\nlibrary ReadCodecV1 {\n    using SafeCast for uint256;\n\n    uint16 internal constant CMD_VERSION = 1;\n\n    uint8 internal constant REQUEST_VERSION = 1;\n    uint16 internal constant RESOLVER_TYPE_SINGLE_VIEW_EVM_CALL = 1;\n\n    uint8 internal constant COMPUTE_VERSION = 1;\n    uint16 internal constant COMPUTE_TYPE_SINGLE_VIEW_EVM_CALL = 1;\n\n    error InvalidVersion();\n    error InvalidType();\n\n    function decode(\n        bytes calldata _cmd\n    )\n        internal\n        pure\n        returns (uint16 appCmdLabel, EVMCallRequestV1[] memory evmCallRequests, EVMCallComputeV1 memory compute)\n    {\n        uint256 offset = 0;\n        uint16 cmdVersion = uint16(bytes2(_cmd[offset:offset + 2]));\n        offset += 2;\n        if (cmdVersion != CMD_VERSION) revert InvalidVersion();\n\n        appCmdLabel = uint16(bytes2(_cmd[offset:offset + 2]));\n        offset += 2;\n\n        (evmCallRequests, offset) = decodeRequestsV1(_cmd, offset);\n\n        // decode the compute if it exists\n        if (offset < _cmd.length) {\n            (compute, ) = decodeEVMCallComputeV1(_cmd, offset);\n        }\n    }\n\n    function decodeRequestsV1(\n        bytes calldata _cmd,\n        uint256 _offset\n    ) internal pure returns (EVMCallRequestV1[] memory evmCallRequests, uint256 newOffset) {\n        newOffset = _offset;\n        uint16 requestCount = uint16(bytes2(_cmd[newOffset:newOffset + 2]));\n        newOffset += 2;\n\n        evmCallRequests = new EVMCallRequestV1[](requestCount);\n        for (uint16 i = 0; i < requestCount; i++) {\n            uint8 requestVersion = uint8(_cmd[newOffset]);\n            newOffset += 1;\n            if (requestVersion != REQUEST_VERSION) revert InvalidVersion();\n\n            uint16 appRequestLabel = uint16(bytes2(_cmd[newOffset:newOffset + 2]));\n            newOffset += 2;\n\n            uint16 resolverType = uint16(bytes2(_cmd[newOffset:newOffset + 2]));\n            newOffset += 2;\n\n            if (resolverType == RESOLVER_TYPE_SINGLE_VIEW_EVM_CALL) {\n                (EVMCallRequestV1 memory request, uint256 nextOffset) = decodeEVMCallRequestV1(\n                    _cmd,\n                    newOffset,\n                    appRequestLabel\n                );\n                newOffset = nextOffset;\n                evmCallRequests[i] = request;\n            } else {\n                revert InvalidType();\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    function decodeEVMCallRequestV1(\n        bytes calldata _cmd,\n        uint256 _offset,\n        uint16 _appRequestLabel\n    ) internal pure returns (EVMCallRequestV1 memory request, uint256 newOffset) {\n        newOffset = _offset;\n        request.appRequestLabel = _appRequestLabel;\n\n        uint16 requestSize = uint16(bytes2(_cmd[newOffset:newOffset + 2]));\n        newOffset += 2;\n        request.targetEid = uint32(bytes4(_cmd[newOffset:newOffset + 4]));\n        newOffset += 4;\n        request.isBlockNum = uint8(_cmd[newOffset]) == 1;\n        newOffset += 1;\n        request.blockNumOrTimestamp = uint64(bytes8(_cmd[newOffset:newOffset + 8]));\n        newOffset += 8;\n        request.confirmations = uint16(bytes2(_cmd[newOffset:newOffset + 2]));\n        newOffset += 2;\n        request.to = address(bytes20(_cmd[newOffset:newOffset + 20]));\n        newOffset += 20;\n        uint16 callDataSize = requestSize - 35;\n        request.callData = _cmd[newOffset:newOffset + callDataSize];\n        newOffset += callDataSize;\n    }\n\n    function decodeEVMCallComputeV1(\n        bytes calldata _cmd,\n        uint256 _offset\n    ) internal pure returns (EVMCallComputeV1 memory compute, uint256 newOffset) {\n        newOffset = _offset;\n        uint8 computeVersion = uint8(_cmd[newOffset]);\n        newOffset += 1;\n        if (computeVersion != COMPUTE_VERSION) revert InvalidVersion();\n        uint16 computeType = uint16(bytes2(_cmd[newOffset:newOffset + 2]));\n        newOffset += 2;\n        if (computeType != COMPUTE_TYPE_SINGLE_VIEW_EVM_CALL) revert InvalidType();\n\n        compute.computeSetting = uint8(_cmd[newOffset]);\n        newOffset += 1;\n        compute.targetEid = uint32(bytes4(_cmd[newOffset:newOffset + 4]));\n        newOffset += 4;\n        compute.isBlockNum = uint8(_cmd[newOffset]) == 1;\n        newOffset += 1;\n        compute.blockNumOrTimestamp = uint64(bytes8(_cmd[newOffset:newOffset + 8]));\n        newOffset += 8;\n        compute.confirmations = uint16(bytes2(_cmd[newOffset:newOffset + 2]));\n        newOffset += 2;\n        compute.to = address(bytes20(_cmd[newOffset:newOffset + 20]));\n        newOffset += 20;\n    }\n\n    function decodeCmdAppLabel(bytes calldata _cmd) internal pure returns (uint16) {\n        uint256 offset = 0;\n        uint16 cmdVersion = uint16(bytes2(_cmd[offset:offset + 2]));\n        offset += 2;\n        if (cmdVersion != CMD_VERSION) revert InvalidVersion();\n\n        return uint16(bytes2(_cmd[offset:offset + 2]));\n    }\n\n    function decodeRequestV1AppRequestLabel(bytes calldata _request) internal pure returns (uint16) {\n        uint256 offset = 0;\n        uint8 requestVersion = uint8(_request[offset]);\n        offset += 1;\n        if (requestVersion != REQUEST_VERSION) revert InvalidVersion();\n\n        return uint16(bytes2(_request[offset:offset + 2]));\n    }\n\n    function encode(\n        uint16 _appCmdLabel,\n        EVMCallRequestV1[] memory _evmCallRequests,\n        EVMCallComputeV1 memory _evmCallCompute\n    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {\n        bytes memory cmd = encode(_appCmdLabel, _evmCallRequests);\n        if (_evmCallCompute.targetEid != 0) {\n            // if eid is 0, it means no compute\n            cmd = appendEVMCallComputeV1(cmd, _evmCallCompute);\n        }\n        return cmd;\n    }\n\n    function encode(\n        uint16 _appCmdLabel,\n        EVMCallRequestV1[] memory _evmCallRequests\n    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {\n        bytes memory cmd = abi.encodePacked(CMD_VERSION, _appCmdLabel, _evmCallRequests.length.toUint16());\n        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _evmCallRequests.length; i++) {\n            cmd = appendEVMCallRequestV1(cmd, _evmCallRequests[i]);\n        }\n        return cmd;\n    }\n\n    // todo: optimize this with Buffer\n    function appendEVMCallRequestV1(\n        bytes memory _cmd,\n        EVMCallRequestV1 memory _request\n    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {\n        bytes memory newCmd = abi.encodePacked(\n            _cmd,\n            REQUEST_VERSION,\n            _request.appRequestLabel,\n            RESOLVER_TYPE_SINGLE_VIEW_EVM_CALL,\n            (_request.callData.length + 35).toUint16(),\n            _request.targetEid\n        );\n        return\n            abi.encodePacked(\n                newCmd,\n                _request.isBlockNum,\n                _request.blockNumOrTimestamp,\n                _request.confirmations,\n                _request.to,\n                _request.callData\n            );\n    }\n\n    function appendEVMCallComputeV1(\n        bytes memory _cmd,\n        EVMCallComputeV1 memory _compute\n    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {\n        return\n            abi.encodePacked(\n                _cmd,\n                COMPUTE_VERSION,\n                COMPUTE_TYPE_SINGLE_VIEW_EVM_CALL,\n                _compute.computeSetting,\n                _compute.targetEid,\n                _compute.isBlockNum,\n                _compute.blockNumOrTimestamp,\n                _compute.confirmations,\n                _compute.to\n            );\n    }\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/oapp-evm/contracts/oapp/OApp.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\n// @dev Import the 'MessagingFee' and 'MessagingReceipt' so it's exposed to OApp implementers\n// solhint-disable-next-line no-unused-import\nimport { OAppSender, MessagingFee, MessagingReceipt } from \"./OAppSender.sol\";\n// @dev Import the 'Origin' so it's exposed to OApp implementers\n// solhint-disable-next-line no-unused-import\nimport { OAppReceiver, Origin } from \"./OAppReceiver.sol\";\nimport { OAppCore } from \"./OAppCore.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @title OApp\n * @dev Abstract contract serving as the base for OApp implementation, combining OAppSender and OAppReceiver functionality.\n */\nabstract contract OApp is OAppSender, OAppReceiver {\n    /**\n     * @dev Constructor to initialize the OApp with the provided endpoint and owner.\n     * @param _endpoint The address of the LOCAL LayerZero endpoint.\n     * @param _delegate The delegate capable of making OApp configurations inside of the endpoint.\n     */\n    constructor(address _endpoint, address _delegate) OAppCore(_endpoint, _delegate) {}\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Retrieves the OApp version information.\n     * @return senderVersion The version of the OAppSender.sol implementation.\n     * @return receiverVersion The version of the OAppReceiver.sol implementation.\n     */\n    function oAppVersion()\n        public\n        pure\n        virtual\n        override(OAppSender, OAppReceiver)\n        returns (uint64 senderVersion, uint64 receiverVersion)\n    {\n        return (SENDER_VERSION, RECEIVER_VERSION);\n    }\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/oapp-evm/contracts/oapp/OAppCore.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport { Ownable } from \"@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol\";\nimport { IOAppCore, ILayerZeroEndpointV2 } from \"./interfaces/IOAppCore.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @title OAppCore\n * @dev Abstract contract implementing the IOAppCore interface with basic OApp configurations.\n */\nabstract contract OAppCore is IOAppCore, Ownable {\n    // The LayerZero endpoint associated with the given OApp\n    ILayerZeroEndpointV2 public immutable endpoint;\n\n    // Mapping to store peers associated with corresponding endpoints\n    mapping(uint32 eid => bytes32 peer) public peers;\n\n    /**\n     * @dev Constructor to initialize the OAppCore with the provided endpoint and delegate.\n     * @param _endpoint The address of the LOCAL Layer Zero endpoint.\n     * @param _delegate The delegate capable of making OApp configurations inside of the endpoint.\n     *\n     * @dev The delegate typically should be set as the owner of the contract.\n     */\n    constructor(address _endpoint, address _delegate) {\n        endpoint = ILayerZeroEndpointV2(_endpoint);\n\n        if (_delegate == address(0)) revert InvalidDelegate();\n        endpoint.setDelegate(_delegate);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Sets the peer address (OApp instance) for a corresponding endpoint.\n     * @param _eid The endpoint ID.\n     * @param _peer The address of the peer to be associated with the corresponding endpoint.\n     *\n     * @dev Only the owner/admin of the OApp can call this function.\n     * @dev Indicates that the peer is trusted to send LayerZero messages to this OApp.\n     * @dev Set this to bytes32(0) to remove the peer address.\n     * @dev Peer is a bytes32 to accommodate non-evm chains.\n     */\n    function setPeer(uint32 _eid, bytes32 _peer) public virtual onlyOwner {\n        _setPeer(_eid, _peer);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Sets the peer address (OApp instance) for a corresponding endpoint.\n     * @param _eid The endpoint ID.\n     * @param _peer The address of the peer to be associated with the corresponding endpoint.\n     *\n     * @dev Indicates that the peer is trusted to send LayerZero messages to this OApp.\n     * @dev Set this to bytes32(0) to remove the peer address.\n     * @dev Peer is a bytes32 to accommodate non-evm chains.\n     */\n    function _setPeer(uint32 _eid, bytes32 _peer) internal virtual {\n        peers[_eid] = _peer;\n        emit PeerSet(_eid, _peer);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Internal function to get the peer address associated with a specific endpoint; reverts if NOT set.\n     * ie. the peer is set to bytes32(0).\n     * @param _eid The endpoint ID.\n     * @return peer The address of the peer associated with the specified endpoint.\n     */\n    function _getPeerOrRevert(uint32 _eid) internal view virtual returns (bytes32) {\n        bytes32 peer = peers[_eid];\n        if (peer == bytes32(0)) revert NoPeer(_eid);\n        return peer;\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Sets the delegate address for the OApp.\n     * @param _delegate The address of the delegate to be set.\n     *\n     * @dev Only the owner/admin of the OApp can call this function.\n     * @dev Provides the ability for a delegate to set configs, on behalf of the OApp, directly on the Endpoint contract.\n     */\n    function setDelegate(address _delegate) public onlyOwner {\n        endpoint.setDelegate(_delegate);\n    }\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/oapp-evm/contracts/oapp/OAppRead.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport { AddressCast } from \"@layerzerolabs/lz-evm-protocol-v2/contracts/libs/AddressCast.sol\";\n\nimport { OApp } from \"./OApp.sol\";\n\nabstract contract OAppRead is OApp {\n    constructor(address _endpoint, address _delegate) OApp(_endpoint, _delegate) {}\n\n    // -------------------------------\n    // Only Owner\n    function setReadChannel(uint32 _channelId, bool _active) public virtual onlyOwner {\n        _setPeer(_channelId, _active ? AddressCast.toBytes32(address(this)) : bytes32(0));\n    }\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/oapp-evm/contracts/oapp/OAppReceiver.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport { IOAppReceiver, Origin } from \"./interfaces/IOAppReceiver.sol\";\nimport { OAppCore } from \"./OAppCore.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @title OAppReceiver\n * @dev Abstract contract implementing the ILayerZeroReceiver interface and extending OAppCore for OApp receivers.\n */\nabstract contract OAppReceiver is IOAppReceiver, OAppCore {\n    // Custom error message for when the caller is not the registered endpoint/\n    error OnlyEndpoint(address addr);\n\n    // @dev The version of the OAppReceiver implementation.\n    // @dev Version is bumped when changes are made to this contract.\n    uint64 internal constant RECEIVER_VERSION = 2;\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Retrieves the OApp version information.\n     * @return senderVersion The version of the OAppSender.sol contract.\n     * @return receiverVersion The version of the OAppReceiver.sol contract.\n     *\n     * @dev Providing 0 as the default for OAppSender version. Indicates that the OAppSender is not implemented.\n     * ie. this is a RECEIVE only OApp.\n     * @dev If the OApp uses both OAppSender and OAppReceiver, then this needs to be override returning the correct versions.\n     */\n    function oAppVersion() public view virtual returns (uint64 senderVersion, uint64 receiverVersion) {\n        return (0, RECEIVER_VERSION);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Indicates whether an address is an approved composeMsg sender to the Endpoint.\n     * @dev _origin The origin information containing the source endpoint and sender address.\n     *  - srcEid: The source chain endpoint ID.\n     *  - sender: The sender address on the src chain.\n     *  - nonce: The nonce of the message.\n     * @dev _message The lzReceive payload.\n     * @param _sender The sender address.\n     * @return isSender Is a valid sender.\n     *\n     * @dev Applications can optionally choose to implement separate composeMsg senders that are NOT the bridging layer.\n     * @dev The default sender IS the OAppReceiver implementer.\n     */\n    function isComposeMsgSender(\n        Origin calldata /*_origin*/,\n        bytes calldata /*_message*/,\n        address _sender\n    ) public view virtual returns (bool) {\n        return _sender == address(this);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Checks if the path initialization is allowed based on the provided origin.\n     * @param origin The origin information containing the source endpoint and sender address.\n     * @return Whether the path has been initialized.\n     *\n     * @dev This indicates to the endpoint that the OApp has enabled msgs for this particular path to be received.\n     * @dev This defaults to assuming if a peer has been set, its initialized.\n     * Can be overridden by the OApp if there is other logic to determine this.\n     */\n    function allowInitializePath(Origin calldata origin) public view virtual returns (bool) {\n        return peers[origin.srcEid] == origin.sender;\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Retrieves the next nonce for a given source endpoint and sender address.\n     * @dev _srcEid The source endpoint ID.\n     * @dev _sender The sender address.\n     * @return nonce The next nonce.\n     *\n     * @dev The path nonce starts from 1. If 0 is returned it means that there is NO nonce ordered enforcement.\n     * @dev Is required by the off-chain executor to determine the OApp expects msg execution is ordered.\n     * @dev This is also enforced by the OApp.\n     * @dev By default this is NOT enabled. ie. nextNonce is hardcoded to return 0.\n     */\n    function nextNonce(uint32 /*_srcEid*/, bytes32 /*_sender*/) public view virtual returns (uint64 nonce) {\n        return 0;\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @dev Entry point for receiving messages or packets from the endpoint.\n     * @param _origin The origin information containing the source endpoint and sender address.\n     *  - srcEid: The source chain endpoint ID.\n     *  - sender: The sender address on the src chain.\n     *  - nonce: The nonce of the message.\n     * @param _guid The unique identifier for the received LayerZero message.\n     * @param _message The payload of the received message.\n     * @param _executor The address of the executor for the received message.\n     * @param _extraData Additional arbitrary data provided by the corresponding executor.\n     *\n     * @dev Entry point for receiving msg/packet from the LayerZero endpoint.\n     */\n    function lzReceive(\n        Origin calldata _origin,\n        bytes32 _guid,\n        bytes calldata _message,\n        address _executor,\n        bytes calldata _extraData\n    ) public payable virtual {\n        // Ensures that only the endpoint can attempt to lzReceive() messages to this OApp.\n        if (address(endpoint) != msg.sender) revert OnlyEndpoint(msg.sender);\n\n        // Ensure that the sender matches the expected peer for the source endpoint.\n        if (_getPeerOrRevert(_origin.srcEid) != _origin.sender) revert OnlyPeer(_origin.srcEid, _origin.sender);\n\n        // Call the internal OApp implementation of lzReceive.\n        _lzReceive(_origin, _guid, _message, _executor, _extraData);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @dev Internal function to implement lzReceive logic without needing to copy the basic parameter validation.\n     */\n    function _lzReceive(\n        Origin calldata _origin,\n        bytes32 _guid,\n        bytes calldata _message,\n        address _executor,\n        bytes calldata _extraData\n    ) internal virtual;\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/oapp-evm/contracts/oapp/OAppSender.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n\nimport { SafeERC20, IERC20 } from \"@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol\";\nimport { MessagingParams, MessagingFee, MessagingReceipt } from \"@layerzerolabs/lz-evm-protocol-v2/contracts/interfaces/ILayerZeroEndpointV2.sol\";\nimport { OAppCore } from \"./OAppCore.sol\";\n\n/**\n * @title OAppSender\n * @dev Abstract contract implementing the OAppSender functionality for sending messages to a LayerZero endpoint.\n */\nabstract contract OAppSender is OAppCore {\n    using SafeERC20 for IERC20;\n\n    // Custom error messages\n    error NotEnoughNative(uint256 msgValue);\n    error LzTokenUnavailable();\n\n    // @dev The version of the OAppSender implementation.\n    // @dev Version is bumped when changes are made to this contract.\n    uint64 internal constant SENDER_VERSION = 1;\n\n    /**\n     * @notice Retrieves the OApp version information.\n     * @return senderVersion The version of the OAppSender.sol contract.\n     * @return receiverVersion The version of the OAppReceiver.sol contract.\n     *\n     * @dev Providing 0 as the default for OAppReceiver version. Indicates that the OAppReceiver is not implemented.\n     * ie. this is a SEND only OApp.\n     * @dev If the OApp uses both OAppSender and OAppReceiver, then this needs to be override returning the correct versions\n     */\n    function oAppVersion() public view virtual returns (uint64 senderVersion, uint64 receiverVersion) {\n        return (SENDER_VERSION, 0);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @dev Internal function to interact with the LayerZero EndpointV2.quote() for fee calculation.\n     * @param _dstEid The destination endpoint ID.\n     * @param _message The message payload.\n     * @param _options Additional options for the message.\n     * @param _payInLzToken Flag indicating whether to pay the fee in LZ tokens.\n     * @return fee The calculated MessagingFee for the message.\n     *      - nativeFee: The native fee for the message.\n     *      - lzTokenFee: The LZ token fee for the message.\n     */\n    function _quote(\n        uint32 _dstEid,\n        bytes memory _message,\n        bytes memory _options,\n        bool _payInLzToken\n    ) internal view virtual returns (MessagingFee memory fee) {\n        return\n            endpoint.quote(\n                MessagingParams(_dstEid, _getPeerOrRevert(_dstEid), _message, _options, _payInLzToken),\n                address(this)\n            );\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @dev Internal function to interact with the LayerZero EndpointV2.send() for sending a message.\n     * @param _dstEid The destination endpoint ID.\n     * @param _message The message payload.\n     * @param _options Additional options for the message.\n     * @param _fee The calculated LayerZero fee for the message.\n     *      - nativeFee: The native fee.\n     *      - lzTokenFee: The lzToken fee.\n     * @param _refundAddress The address to receive any excess fee values sent to the endpoint.\n     * @return receipt The receipt for the sent message.\n     *      - guid: The unique identifier for the sent message.\n     *      - nonce: The nonce of the sent message.\n     *      - fee: The LayerZero fee incurred for the message.\n     */\n    function _lzSend(\n        uint32 _dstEid,\n        bytes memory _message,\n        bytes memory _options,\n        MessagingFee memory _fee,\n        address _refundAddress\n    ) internal virtual returns (MessagingReceipt memory receipt) {\n        // @dev Push corresponding fees to the endpoint, any excess is sent back to the _refundAddress from the endpoint.\n        uint256 messageValue = _payNative(_fee.nativeFee);\n        if (_fee.lzTokenFee > 0) _payLzToken(_fee.lzTokenFee);\n\n        return\n            // solhint-disable-next-line check-send-result\n            endpoint.send{ value: messageValue }(\n                MessagingParams(_dstEid, _getPeerOrRevert(_dstEid), _message, _options, _fee.lzTokenFee > 0),\n                _refundAddress\n            );\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @dev Internal function to pay the native fee associated with the message.\n     * @param _nativeFee The native fee to be paid.\n     * @return nativeFee The amount of native currency paid.\n     *\n     * @dev If the OApp needs to initiate MULTIPLE LayerZero messages in a single transaction,\n     * this will need to be overridden because msg.value would contain multiple lzFees.\n     * @dev Should be overridden in the event the LayerZero endpoint requires a different native currency.\n     * @dev Some EVMs use an ERC20 as a method for paying transactions/gasFees.\n     * @dev The endpoint is EITHER/OR, ie. it will NOT support both types of native payment at a time.\n     */\n    function _payNative(uint256 _nativeFee) internal virtual returns (uint256 nativeFee) {\n        if (msg.value != _nativeFee) revert NotEnoughNative(msg.value);\n        return _nativeFee;\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @dev Internal function to pay the LZ token fee associated with the message.\n     * @param _lzTokenFee The LZ token fee to be paid.\n     *\n     * @dev If the caller is trying to pay in the specified lzToken, then the lzTokenFee is passed to the endpoint.\n     * @dev Any excess sent, is passed back to the specified _refundAddress in the _lzSend().\n     */\n    function _payLzToken(uint256 _lzTokenFee) internal virtual {\n        // @dev Cannot cache the token because it is not immutable in the endpoint.\n        address lzToken = endpoint.lzToken();\n        if (lzToken == address(0)) revert LzTokenUnavailable();\n\n        // Pay LZ token fee by sending tokens to the endpoint.\n        IERC20(lzToken).safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(endpoint), _lzTokenFee);\n    }\n}\n"
    },
    "@layerzerolabs/solidity-examples/contracts/libraries/BytesLib.sol": {
      "content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense\n/*\n * @title Solidity Bytes Arrays Utils\n * @author Gonçalo Sá <goncalo.sa@consensys.net>\n *\n * @dev Bytes tightly packed arrays utility library for ethereum contracts written in Solidity.\n *      The library lets you concatenate, slice and type cast bytes arrays both in memory and storage.\n */\npragma solidity >=0.8.0 <0.9.0;\n\nlibrary BytesLib {\n    function concat(bytes memory _preBytes, bytes memory _postBytes) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {\n        bytes memory tempBytes;\n\n        assembly {\n            // Get a location of some free memory and store it in tempBytes as\n            // Solidity does for memory variables.\n            tempBytes := mload(0x40)\n\n            // Store the length of the first bytes array at the beginning of\n            // the memory for tempBytes.\n            let length := mload(_preBytes)\n            mstore(tempBytes, length)\n\n            // Maintain a memory counter for the current write location in the\n            // temp bytes array by adding the 32 bytes for the array length to\n            // the starting location.\n            let mc := add(tempBytes, 0x20)\n            // Stop copying when the memory counter reaches the length of the\n            // first bytes array.\n            let end := add(mc, length)\n\n            for {\n                // Initialize a copy counter to the start of the _preBytes data,\n                // 32 bytes into its memory.\n                let cc := add(_preBytes, 0x20)\n            } lt(mc, end) {\n                // Increase both counters by 32 bytes each iteration.\n                mc := add(mc, 0x20)\n                cc := add(cc, 0x20)\n            } {\n                // Write the _preBytes data into the tempBytes memory 32 bytes\n                // at a time.\n                mstore(mc, mload(cc))\n            }\n\n            // Add the length of _postBytes to the current length of tempBytes\n            // and store it as the new length in the first 32 bytes of the\n            // tempBytes memory.\n            length := mload(_postBytes)\n            mstore(tempBytes, add(length, mload(tempBytes)))\n\n            // Move the memory counter back from a multiple of 0x20 to the\n            // actual end of the _preBytes data.\n