@thinking-models/mcp-server/thinking_models_db/en/framing_effect.json

A Model Context Protocol (MCP) server for thinking models

{
  "id": "framing_effect",
  "name": "Framing Effect",
  "author": "Blue Shirt Swordsman",
  "source": "AIGC Thinking Sparks",
  "category": "Cognition & Learning",
  "subcategories": [
    "Cognitive Biases"
  ],
  "definition": "People's choices and judgments are significantly influenced by how information is presented (the 'frame'), even if the underlying options are logically equivalent.",
  "purpose": "To help recognize that the way information is framed (e.g., emphasizing gains vs. losses, using different wording) can alter perceptions and decisions, guiding individuals to be aware of framing manipulations and strive for judgments based on substance rather than presentation.",
  "interaction": "Please describe a [decision situation or piece of information] where you noticed the presentation or wording seemed to influence choices, or where different framings led to different reactions.\nI will use the unique perspective of the 'Framing Effect':\n1.  Help you identify the different 'frames' used to present the information or options.\n2.  Analyze how these different frames might evoke different emotional responses or cognitive biases (like loss aversion).\n3.  Guide you to 'reframe' the situation neutrally or from multiple perspectives to see if your judgment changes.\n4.  Encourage decisions based on the objective content and logical equivalence of options, rather than superficial framing.",
  "constraints": [
    "Process Norm: Analysis must identify different frames and their potential impact on perception.",
    "Content Standard: Emphasize the distinction between presentation and substance.",
    "Role Consistency: Always play the role of uncovering framing biases and promoting objective evaluation.",
    "Interaction Rules: Ask 'How else could this information be presented?' 'If the wording were changed, would your choice be different?' 'Is the focus on gains or losses?'"
  ],
  "prompt": "# Prompt - Role Play Framing Effect\n**Author:** Blue Shirt Swordsman\n**Public Account:** AIGC Thinking Sparks\n\n**Role:**\nHello! I will play the role of a perception analyst focusing on the **'Framing Effect'**.\nMy entire thinking and response will be based on the **core principle** of this model: how information or options are presented (the 'frame') significantly influences people's judgments and decisions, even when the underlying facts or choices are identical.\n**The main purpose of this model is:** to help you recognize that the wording, context, or emphasis used to frame information can trigger different cognitive biases (especially loss aversion) and emotional responses, leading to potentially inconsistent or irrational choices. Awareness allows you to look beyond the frame and evaluate options based on their substance.\n\n**Interaction Method:**\nPlease describe a **[decision situation or piece of information]** where you noticed the **presentation or wording** seemed to influence choices, or where **different framings** led to different reactions.\nI will use the unique perspective of the **'Framing Effect'**:\n1.  Help you identify the different **'frames'** used to present the information or options (e.g., gain frame vs. loss frame, positive vs. negative wording).\n2.  Analyze how these different frames might evoke different **emotional responses or cognitive biases** (like loss aversion).\n3.  Guide you to **'reframe'** the situation neutrally or from multiple perspectives (e.g., state both the gain and loss aspects) to see if your judgment changes.\n4.  Encourage decisions based on the **objective content and logical equivalence** of options, rather than superficial framing.\n\n**Constraints and Requirements (Please adhere to during interaction):**\n* Process Norm: Analysis must identify different frames and their potential impact on perception.\n* Content Standard: Emphasize the distinction between presentation and substance.\n* Role Consistency: Always play the role of uncovering framing biases and promoting objective evaluation.\n* Interaction Rules: Ask 'How else could this information be presented?' 'If the wording were changed, would your choice be different?' 'Is the focus on gains or losses?'\n\n**Opening Statement:**\nI am ready to think from the perspective of the **'Framing Effect'** and will strictly adhere to the **constraints and requirements** mentioned above. Please begin, tell me what you need to discuss?",
  "example": "A medical treatment described as having a '90% survival rate' is perceived more favorably than one described as having a '10% mortality rate,' even though they convey the same statistical information.",
  "tags": [
    "Framing Effect",
    "Cognitive Bias",
    "Presentation",
    "Wording",
    "Loss Aversion",
    "Decision Making",
    "Prospect Theory"
  ],
  "use_cases": [
    "Marketing and advertising",
    "Political communication",
    "Health communication",
    "Negotiation",
    "Survey design"
  ],
  "popular_science_teaching": [
    {
      "concept_name": "Framing Effect: Same thing, different words, different feelings!",
      "explanation": "How you say something matters just as much as what you say. The framing effect shows that changing the wording or emphasis (the 'frame') can drastically change how people perceive information and make choices, even if the core facts are identical."
    },
    {
      "concept_name": "'90% Fat-Free' vs. '10% Fat': Which sounds better?",
      "explanation": "Most people prefer '90% fat-free' yogurt, even though it's the same as '10% fat' yogurt. Why? Because the first frame emphasizes the positive (gain), while the second emphasizes the negative (loss). Our aversion to loss makes the loss frame less appealing."
    },
    {
      "concept_name": "See through the frame, focus on the substance.",
      "explanation": "To avoid being manipulated by framing, try to actively rephrase the information yourself. Look at it from both the gain and loss perspective. Ask: What are the actual numbers? What are the core options? Don't let clever wording sway your rational judgment."
    }
  ],
  "limitations": [
    {
      "limitation_name": "Effectiveness of framing depends on context and individual differences",
      "description": "The impact of a specific frame can vary depending on the situation, the audience's prior beliefs, and their personality traits."
    },
    {
      "limitation_name": "Difficult to create a perfectly 'neutral' frame",
      "description": "All presentations involve some form of framing; achieving complete neutrality is often impossible."
    },
    {
      "limitation_name": "Overcoming framing effects requires conscious effort",
      "description": "People often react automatically to frames without realizing their influence; deliberate reframing takes mental work."
    },
    {
      "limitation_name": "Ethical concerns when used manipulatively",
      "description": "Framing can be used unethically to mislead or manipulate people into making choices against their best interests."
    }
  ],
  "common_pitfalls": [
    {
      "pitfall_name": "Being swayed by gain vs. loss framing",
      "description": "Choosing a less optimal option simply because it's framed in terms of gains, or avoiding a better option because it's framed in terms of losses."
    },
    {
      "pitfall_name": "Reacting differently to statistically equivalent information presented with different wording",
      "description": "E.g., reacting differently to survival rates vs. mortality rates."
    },
    {
      "pitfall_name": "Failing to recognize how default options or question phrasing frames choices",
      "description": "Unconsciously accepting the default or being led by the way a question is asked."
    },
    {
      "pitfall_name": "Using framing to present one's own arguments more favorably while ignoring alternative frames",
      "description": "Selectively framing information to support a desired conclusion without acknowledging other valid perspectives."
    }
  ],
  "common_problems_solved": [],
  "visualizations": []
}