@explorables/berlin_8_am/dist/index.umd.js

This explorable illustrates a model for traffic and congestion and the phenomenon knowns as phantom traffic jams, spontaneously emergent congested traffic segments that move slowly and oppositely to the traffic.

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o=this._x1,s=this._y1,l=r-n,u=i-e,c=o-n,f=s-e,h=c*c+f*f;if(this._x1===null)this._append`M${this._x1=n},${this._y1=e}`;else if(h>Pt)if(!(Math.abs(f*l-u*c)>Pt)||!a)this._append`L${this._x1=n},${this._y1=e}`;else{let p=r-o,g=i-s,y=l*l+u*u,w=p*p+g*g,b=Math.sqrt(y),d=Math.sqrt(h),M=a*Math.tan((Nr-Math.acos((y+h-w)/(2*b*d)))/2),_=M/d,m=M/b;Math.abs(_-1)>Pt&&this._append`L${n+_*c},${e+_*f}`,this._append`A${a},${a},0,0,${+(f*p>c*g)},${this._x1=n+m*l},${this._y1=e+m*u}`}}arc(n,e,r,i,a,o){if(n=+n,e=+e,r=+r,o=!!o,r<0)throw new Error(`negative radius: ${r}`);let s=r*Math.cos(i),l=r*Math.sin(i),u=n+s,c=e+l,f=1^o,h=o?i-a:a-i;this._x1===null?this._append`M${u},${c}`:(Math.abs(this._x1-u)>Pt||Math.abs(this._y1-c)>Pt)&&this._append`L${u},${c}`,r&&(h<0&&(h=h%Sr+Sr),h>Nh?this._append`A${r},${r},0,1,${f},${n-s},${e-l}A${r},${r},0,1,${f},${this._x1=u},${this._y1=c}`:h>Pt&&this._append`A${r},${r},0,${+(h>=Nr)},${f},${this._x1=n+r*Math.cos(a)},${this._y1=e+r*Math.sin(a)}`)}rect(n,e,r,i){this._append`M${this._x0=this._x1=+n},${this._y0=this._y1=+e}h${r=+r}v${+i}h${-r}Z`}toString(){return this._}}function Eh(t){return Math.abs(t=Math.round(t))>=1e21?t.toLocaleString("en").replace(/,/g,""):t.toString(10)}function pe(t,n){if((e=(t=n?t.toExponential(n-1):t.toExponential()).indexOf("e"))<0)return null;var e,r=t.slice(0,e);return[r.length>1?r[0]+r.slice(2):r,+t.slice(e+1)]}function Zt(t){return t=pe(Math.abs(t)),t?t[1]:NaN}function Oh(t,n){return function(e,r){for(var i=e.length,a=[],o=0,s=t[0],l=0;i>0&&s>0&&(l+s+1>r&&(s=Math.max(1,r-l)),a.push(e.substring(i-=s,i+s)),!((l+=s+1)>r));)s=t[o=(o+1)%t.length];return a.reverse().join(n)}}function zh(t){return function(n){return n.replace(/[0-9]/g,function(e){return t[+e]})}}var Ih=/^(?:(.)?([<>=^]))?([+\-( ])?([$#])?(0)?(\d+)?(,)?(\.\d+)?(~)?([a-z%])?$/i;function de(t){if(!(n=Ih.exec(t)))throw new Error("invalid format: "+t);var n;return new Pr({fill:n[1],align:n[2],sign:n[3],symbol:n[4],zero:n[5],width:n[6],comma:n[7],precision:n[8]&&n[8].slice(1),trim:n[9],type:n[10]})}de.prototype=Pr.prototype;function Pr(t){this.fill=t.fill===void 0?" ":t.fill+"",this.align=t.align===void 0?">":t.align+"",this.sign=t.sign===void 0?"-":t.sign+"",this.symbol=t.symbol===void 0?"":t.symbol+"",this.zero=!!t.zero,this.width=t.width===void 0?void 0:+t.width,this.comma=!!t.comma,this.precision=t.precision===void 0?void 0:+t.precision,this.trim=!!t.trim,this.type=t.type===void 0?"":t.type+""}Pr.prototype.toString=function(){return this.fill+this.align+this.sign+this.symbol+(this.zero?"0":"")+(this.width===void 0?"":Math.max(1,this.width|0))+(this.comma?",":"")+(this.precision===void 0?"":"."+Math.max(0,this.precision|0))+(this.trim?"~":"")+this.type};function Ch(t){t:for(var n=t.length,e=1,r=-1,i;e<n;++e)switch(t[e]){case".":r=i=e;break;case"0":r===0&&(r=e),i=e;break;default:if(!+t[e])break t;r>0&&(r=0);break}return r>0?t.slice(0,r)+t.slice(i+1):t}var ja;function Rh(t,n){var e=pe(t,n);if(!e)return t+"";var r=e[0],i=e[1],a=i-(ja=Math.max(-8,Math.min(8,Math.floor(i/3)))*3)+1,o=r.length;return a===o?r:a>o?r+new Array(a-o+1).join("0"):a>0?r.slice(0,a)+"."+r.slice(a):"0."+new Array(1-a).join("0")+pe(t,Math.max(0,n+a-1))[0]}function Fa(t,n){var e=pe(t,n);if(!e)return t+"";var r=e[0],i=e[1];return i<0?"0."+new Array(-i).join("0")+r:r.length>i+1?r.slice(0,i+1)+"."+r.slice(i+1):r+new Array(i-r.length+2).join("0")}const La={"%":(t,n)=>(t*100).toFixed(n),b:t=>Math.round(t).toString(2),c:t=>t+"",d:Eh,e:(t,n)=>t.toExponential(n),f:(t,n)=>t.toFixed(n),g:(t,n)=>t.toPrecision(n),o:t=>Math.round(t).toString(8),p:(t,n)=>Fa(t*100,n),r:Fa,s:Rh,X:t=>Math.round(t).toString(16).toUpperCase(),x:t=>Math.round(t).toString(16)};function Da(t){return t}var qa=Array.prototype.map,Ba=["y","z","a","f","p","n","µ","m","","k","M","G","T","P","E","Z","Y"];function jh(t){var n=t.grouping===void 0||t.thousands===void 0?Da:Oh(qa.call(t.grouping,Number),t.thousands+""),e=t.currency===void 0?"":t.currency[0]+"",r=t.currency===void 0?"":t.currency[1]+"",i=t.decimal===void 0?".":t.decimal+"",a=t.numerals===void 0?Da:zh(qa.call(t.numerals,Str