@damienmortini/three/examples/utils/BufferGeometryUtils.js

Three.js helpers

import {
  BufferAttribute,
  BufferGeometry,
  Float32BufferAttribute,
  InstancedBufferAttribute,
  InterleavedBuffer,
  InterleavedBufferAttribute,
  TriangleFanDrawMode,
  TrianglesDrawMode,
  TriangleStripDrawMode,
  Vector3,
} from '../../../../three/src/Three.js';

function computeTangents() {
  throw new Error('BufferGeometryUtils: computeTangents renamed to computeMikkTSpaceTangents.');
}

function computeMikkTSpaceTangents(geometry, MikkTSpace, negateSign = true) {
  if (!MikkTSpace || !MikkTSpace.isReady) {
    throw new Error('BufferGeometryUtils: Initialized MikkTSpace library required.');
  }

  if (!geometry.hasAttribute('position') || !geometry.hasAttribute('normal') || !geometry.hasAttribute('uv')) {
    throw new Error('BufferGeometryUtils: Tangents require "position", "normal", and "uv" attributes.');
  }

  function getAttributeArray(attribute) {
    if (attribute.normalized || attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute) {
      const dstArray = new Float32Array(attribute.getCount() * attribute.itemSize);

      for (let i = 0, j = 0; i < attribute.getCount(); i++) {
        dstArray[j++] = attribute.getX(i);
        dstArray[j++] = attribute.getY(i);

        if (attribute.itemSize > 2) {
          dstArray[j++] = attribute.getZ(i);
        }
      }

      return dstArray;
    }

    if (attribute.array instanceof Float32Array) {
      return attribute.array;
    }

    return new Float32Array(attribute.array);
  }

  // MikkTSpace algorithm requires non-indexed input.

  const _geometry = geometry.index ? geometry.toNonIndexed() : geometry;

  // Compute vertex tangents.

  const tangents = MikkTSpace.generateTangents(

    getAttributeArray(_geometry.attributes.position),
    getAttributeArray(_geometry.attributes.normal),
    getAttributeArray(_geometry.attributes.uv),

  );

  // Texture coordinate convention of glTF differs from the apparent
  // default of the MikkTSpace library; .w component must be flipped.

  if (negateSign) {
    for (let i = 3; i < tangents.length; i += 4) {
      tangents[i] *= -1;
    }
  }

  //

  _geometry.setAttribute('tangent', new BufferAttribute(tangents, 4));

  if (geometry !== _geometry) {
    geometry.copy(_geometry);
  }

  return geometry;
}

/**
 * @param  {Array<BufferGeometry>} geometries
 * @param  {Boolean} useGroups
 * @return {BufferGeometry}
 */
function mergeBufferGeometries(geometries, useGroups = false) {
  const isIndexed = geometries[0].index !== null;

  const attributesUsed = new Set(Object.keys(geometries[0].attributes));
  const morphAttributesUsed = new Set(Object.keys(geometries[0].morphAttributes));

  const attributes = {};
  const morphAttributes = {};

  const morphTargetsRelative = geometries[0].morphTargetsRelative;

  const mergedGeometry = new BufferGeometry();

  let offset = 0;

  for (let i = 0; i < geometries.length; ++i) {
    const geometry = geometries[i];
    let attributesCount = 0;

    // ensure that all geometries are indexed, or none

    if (isIndexed !== (geometry.index !== null)) {
      console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils: .mergeBufferGeometries() failed with geometry at index ' + i + '. All geometries must have compatible attributes; make sure index attribute exists among all geometries, or in none of them.');
      return null;
    }

    // gather attributes, exit early if they're different

    for (const name in geometry.attributes) {
      if (!attributesUsed.has(name)) {
        console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils: .mergeBufferGeometries() failed with geometry at index ' + i + '. All geometries must have compatible attributes; make sure "' + name + '" attribute exists among all geometries, or in none of them.');
        return null;
      }

      if (attributes[name] === undefined) attributes[name] = [];

      attributes[name].push(geometry.attributes[name]);

      attributesCount++;
    }

    // ensure geometries have the same number of attributes

    if (attributesCount !== attributesUsed.size) {
      console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils: .mergeBufferGeometries() failed with geometry at index ' + i + '. Make sure all geometries have the same number of attributes.');
      return null;
    }

    // gather morph attributes, exit early if they're different

    if (morphTargetsRelative !== geometry.morphTargetsRelative) {
      console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils: .mergeBufferGeometries() failed with geometry at index ' + i + '. .morphTargetsRelative must be consistent throughout all geometries.');
      return null;
    }

    for (const name in geometry.morphAttributes) {
      if (!morphAttributesUsed.has(name)) {
        console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils: .mergeBufferGeometries() failed with geometry at index ' + i + '.  .morphAttributes must be consistent throughout all geometries.');
        return null;
      }

      if (morphAttributes[name] === undefined) morphAttributes[name] = [];

      morphAttributes[name].push(geometry.morphAttributes[name]);
    }

    if (useGroups) {
      let count;

      if (isIndexed) {
        count = geometry.index.count;
      }
      else if (geometry.attributes.position !== undefined) {
        count = geometry.attributes.position.count;
      }
      else {
        console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils: .mergeBufferGeometries() failed with geometry at index ' + i + '. The geometry must have either an index or a position attribute');
        return null;
      }

      mergedGeometry.addGroup(offset, count, i);

      offset += count;
    }
  }

  // merge indices

  if (isIndexed) {
    let indexOffset = 0;
    const mergedIndex = [];

    for (let i = 0; i < geometries.length; ++i) {
      const index = geometries[i].index;

      for (let j = 0; j < index.count; ++j) {
        mergedIndex.push(index.getX(j) + indexOffset);
      }

      indexOffset += geometries[i].attributes.position.count;
    }

    mergedGeometry.setIndex(mergedIndex);
  }

  // merge attributes

  for (const name in attributes) {
    const mergedAttribute = mergeBufferAttributes(attributes[name]);

    if (!mergedAttribute) {
      console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils: .mergeBufferGeometries() failed while trying to merge the ' + name + ' attribute.');
      return null;
    }

    mergedGeometry.setAttribute(name, mergedAttribute);
  }

  // merge morph attributes

  for (const name in morphAttributes) {
    const numMorphTargets = morphAttributes[name][0].length;

    if (numMorphTargets === 0) break;

    mergedGeometry.morphAttributes = mergedGeometry.morphAttributes || {};
    mergedGeometry.morphAttributes[name] = [];

    for (let i = 0; i < numMorphTargets; ++i) {
      const morphAttributesToMerge = [];

      for (let j = 0; j < morphAttributes[name].length; ++j) {
        morphAttributesToMerge.push(morphAttributes[name][j][i]);
      }

      const mergedMorphAttribute = mergeBufferAttributes(morphAttributesToMerge);

      if (!mergedMorphAttribute) {
        console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils: .mergeBufferGeometries() failed while trying to merge the ' + name + ' morphAttribute.');
        return null;
      }

      mergedGeometry.morphAttributes[name].push(mergedMorphAttribute);
    }
  }

  return mergedGeometry;
}

/**
 * @param {Array<BufferAttribute>} attributes
 * @return {BufferAttribute}
 */
function mergeBufferAttributes(attributes) {
  let TypedArray;
  let itemSize;
  let normalized;
  let arrayLength = 0;

  for (let i = 0; i < attributes.length; ++i) {
    const attribute = attributes[i];

    if (attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute) {
      console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils: .mergeBufferAttributes() failed. InterleavedBufferAttributes are not supported.');
      return null;
    }

    if (TypedArray === undefined) TypedArray = attribute.array.constructor;
    if (TypedArray !== attribute.array.constructor) {
      console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils: .mergeBufferAttributes() failed. BufferAttribute.array must be of consistent array types across matching attributes.');
      return null;
    }

    if (itemSize === undefined) itemSize = attribute.itemSize;
    if (itemSize !== attribute.itemSize) {
      console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils: .mergeBufferAttributes() failed. BufferAttribute.itemSize must be consistent across matching attributes.');
      return null;
    }

    if (normalized === undefined) normalized = attribute.normalized;
    if (normalized !== attribute.normalized) {
      console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils: .mergeBufferAttributes() failed. BufferAttribute.normalized must be consistent across matching attributes.');
      return null;
    }

    arrayLength += attribute.array.length;
  }

  const array = new TypedArray(arrayLength);
  let offset = 0;

  for (let i = 0; i < attributes.length; ++i) {
    array.set(attributes[i].array, offset);

    offset += attributes[i].array.length;
  }

  return new BufferAttribute(array, itemSize, normalized);
}

/**
 * @param {BufferAttribute}
 * @return {BufferAttribute}
 */
export function deepCloneAttribute(attribute) {
  if (attribute.isInstancedInterleavedBufferAttribute || attribute.isInterleavedBufferAttribute) {
    return deinterleaveAttribute(attribute);
  }

  if (attribute.isInstancedBufferAttribute) {
    return new InstancedBufferAttribute().copy(attribute);
  }

  return new BufferAttribute().copy(attribute);
}

/**
 * @param {Array<BufferAttribute>} attributes
 * @return {Array<InterleavedBufferAttribute>}
 */
function interleaveAttributes(attributes) {
  // Interleaves the provided attributes into an InterleavedBuffer and returns
  // a set of InterleavedBufferAttributes for each attribute
  let TypedArray;
  let arrayLength = 0;
  let stride = 0;

  // calculate the length and type of the interleavedBuffer
  for (let i = 0, l = attributes.length; i < l; ++i) {
    const attribute = attributes[i];

    if (TypedArray === undefined) TypedArray = attribute.array.constructor;
    if (TypedArray !== attribute.array.constructor) {
      console.error('AttributeBuffers of different types cannot be interleaved');
      return null;
    }

    arrayLength += attribute.array.length;
    stride += attribute.itemSize;
  }

  // Create the set of buffer attributes
  const interleavedBuffer = new InterleavedBuffer(new TypedArray(arrayLength), stride);
  let offset = 0;
  const res = [];
  const getters = ['getX', 'getY', 'getZ', 'getW'];
  const setters = ['setX', 'setY', 'setZ', 'setW'];

  for (let j = 0, l = attributes.length; j < l; j++) {
    const attribute = attributes[j];
    const itemSize = attribute.itemSize;
    const count = attribute.count;
    const iba = new InterleavedBufferAttribute(interleavedBuffer, itemSize, offset, attribute.normalized);
    res.push(iba);

    offset += itemSize;

    // Move the data for each attribute into the new interleavedBuffer
    // at the appropriate offset
    for (let c = 0; c < count; c++) {
      for (let k = 0; k < itemSize; k++) {
        iba[setters[k]](c, attribute[getters[k]](c));
      }
    }
  }

  return res;
}

// returns a new, non-interleaved version of the provided attribute
export function deinterleaveAttribute(attribute) {
  const cons = attribute.data.array.constructor;
  const count = attribute.count;
  const itemSize = attribute.itemSize;
  const normalized = attribute.normalized;

  const array = new cons(count * itemSize);
  let newAttribute;
  if (attribute.isInstancedInterleavedBufferAttribute) {
    newAttribute = new InstancedBufferAttribute(array, itemSize, normalized, attribute.meshPerAttribute);
  }
  else {
    newAttribute = new BufferAttribute(array, itemSize, normalized);
  }

  for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    newAttribute.setX(i, attribute.getX(i));

    if (itemSize >= 2) {
      newAttribute.setY(i, attribute.getY(i));
    }

    if (itemSize >= 3) {
      newAttribute.setZ(i, attribute.getZ(i));
    }

    if (itemSize >= 4) {
      newAttribute.setW(i, attribute.getW(i));
    }
  }

  return newAttribute;
}

// deinterleaves all attributes on the geometry
export function deinterleaveGeometry(geometry) {
  const attributes = geometry.attributes;
  const morphTargets = geometry.morphTargets;
  const attrMap = new Map();

  for (const key in attributes) {
    const attr = attributes[key];
    if (attr.isInterleavedBufferAttribute) {
      if (!attrMap.has(attr)) {
        attrMap.set(attr, deinterleaveAttribute(attr));
      }

      attributes[key] = attrMap.get(attr);
    }
  }

  for (const key in morphTargets) {
    const attr = morphTargets[key];
    if (attr.isInterleavedBufferAttribute) {
      if (!attrMap.has(attr)) {
        attrMap.set(attr, deinterleaveAttribute(attr));
      }

      morphTargets[key] = attrMap.get(attr);
    }
  }
}

/**
 * @param {Array<BufferGeometry>} geometry
 * @return {number}
 */
function estimateBytesUsed(geometry) {
  // Return the estimated memory used by this geometry in bytes
  // Calculate using itemSize, count, and BYTES_PER_ELEMENT to account
  // for InterleavedBufferAttributes.
  let mem = 0;
  for (const name in geometry.attributes) {
    const attr = geometry.getAttribute(name);
    mem += attr.count * attr.itemSize * attr.array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT;
  }

  const indices = geometry.getIndex();
  mem += indices ? indices.count * indices.itemSize * indices.array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT : 0;
  return mem;
}

/**
 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry
 * @param {number} tolerance
 * @return {BufferGeometry}
 */
function mergeVertices(geometry, tolerance = 1e-4) {
  tolerance = Math.max(tolerance, Number.EPSILON);

  // Generate an index buffer if the geometry doesn't have one, or optimize it
  // if it's already available.
  const hashToIndex = {};
  const indices = geometry.getIndex();
  const positions = geometry.getAttribute('position');
  const vertexCount = indices ? indices.count : positions.count;

  // next value for triangle indices
  let nextIndex = 0;

  // attributes and new attribute arrays
  const attributeNames = Object.keys(geometry.attributes);
  const tmpAttributes = {};
  const tmpMorphAttributes = {};
  const newIndices = [];
  const getters = ['getX', 'getY', 'getZ', 'getW'];
  const setters = ['setX', 'setY', 'setZ', 'setW'];

  // Initialize the arrays, allocating space conservatively. Extra
  // space will be trimmed in the last step.
  for (let i = 0, l = attributeNames.length; i < l; i++) {
    const name = attributeNames[i];
    const attr = geometry.attributes[name];

    tmpAttributes[name] = new BufferAttribute(
      new attr.array.constructor(attr.count * attr.itemSize),
      attr.itemSize,
      attr.normalized,
    );

    const morphAttr = geometry.morphAttributes[name];
    if (morphAttr) {
      tmpMorphAttributes[name] = new BufferAttribute(
        new morphAttr.array.constructor(morphAttr.count * morphAttr.itemSize),
        morphAttr.itemSize,
        morphAttr.normalized,
      );
    }
  }

  // convert the error tolerance to an amount of decimal places to truncate to
  const decimalShift = Math.log10(1 / tolerance);
  const shiftMultiplier = Math.pow(10, decimalShift);
  for (let i = 0; i < vertexCount; i++) {
    const index = indices ? indices.getX(i) : i;

    // Generate a hash for the vertex attributes at the current index 'i'
    let hash = '';
    for (let j = 0, l = attributeNames.length; j < l; j++) {
      const name = attributeNames[j];
      const attribute = geometry.getAttribute(name);
      const itemSize = attribute.itemSize;

      for (let k = 0; k < itemSize; k++) {
        // double tilde truncates the decimal value
        hash += `${~~(attribute[getters[k]](index) * shiftMultiplier)},`;
      }
    }

    // Add another reference to the vertex if it's already
    // used by another index
    if (hash in hashToIndex) {
      newIndices.push(hashToIndex[hash]);
    }
    else {
      // copy data to the new index in the temporary attributes
      for (let j = 0, l = attributeNames.length; j < l; j++) {
        const name = attributeNames[j];
        const attribute = geometry.getAttribute(name);
        const morphAttr = geometry.morphAttributes[name];
        const itemSize = attribute.itemSize;
        const newarray = tmpAttributes[name];
        const newMorphArrays = tmpMorphAttributes[name];

        for (let k = 0; k < itemSize; k++) {
          const getterFunc = getters[k];
          const setterFunc = setters[k];
          newarray[setterFunc](nextIndex, attribute[getterFunc](index));

          if (morphAttr) {
            for (let m = 0, ml = morphAttr.length; m < ml; m++) {
              newMorphArrays[m][setterFunc](nextIndex, morphAttr[m][getterFunc](index));
            }
          }
        }
      }

      hashToIndex[hash] = nextIndex;
      newIndices.push(nextIndex);
      nextIndex++;
    }
  }

  // generate result BufferGeometry
  const result = geometry.clone();
  for (const name in geometry.attributes) {
    const tmpAttribute = tmpAttributes[name];

    result.setAttribute(name, new BufferAttribute(
      tmpAttribute.array.slice(0, nextIndex * tmpAttribute.itemSize),
      tmpAttribute.itemSize,
      tmpAttribute.normalized,
    ));

    if (!(name in tmpMorphAttributes)) continue;

    for (let j = 0; j < tmpMorphAttributes[name].length; j++) {
      const tmpMorphAttribute = tmpMorphAttributes[name][j];

      result.morphAttributes[name][j] = new BufferAttribute(
        tmpMorphAttribute.array.slice(0, nextIndex * tmpMorphAttribute.itemSize),
        tmpMorphAttribute.itemSize,
        tmpMorphAttribute.normalized,
      );
    }
  }

  // indices

  result.setIndex(newIndices);

  return result;
}

/**
 * @param {BufferGeometry} geometry
 * @param {number} drawMode
 * @return {BufferGeometry}
 */
function toTrianglesDrawMode(geometry, drawMode) {
  if (drawMode === TrianglesDrawMode) {
    console.warn('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils.toTrianglesDrawMode(): Geometry already defined as triangles.');
    return geometry;
  }

  if (drawMode === TriangleFanDrawMode || drawMode === TriangleStripDrawMode) {
    let index = geometry.getIndex();

    // generate index if not present

    if (index === null) {
      const indices = [];

      const position = geometry.getAttribute('position');

      if (position !== undefined) {
        for (let i = 0; i < position.count; i++) {
          indices.push(i);
        }

        geometry.setIndex(indices);
        index = geometry.getIndex();
      }
      else {
        console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils.toTrianglesDrawMode(): Undefined position attribute. Processing not possible.');
        return geometry;
      }
    }

    //

    const numberOfTriangles = index.count - 2;
    const newIndices = [];

    if (drawMode === TriangleFanDrawMode) {
      // gl.TRIANGLE_FAN

      for (let i = 1; i <= numberOfTriangles; i++) {
        newIndices.push(index.getX(0));
        newIndices.push(index.getX(i));
        newIndices.push(index.getX(i + 1));
      }
    }
    else {
      // gl.TRIANGLE_STRIP

      for (let i = 0; i < numberOfTriangles; i++) {
        if (i % 2 === 0) {
          newIndices.push(index.getX(i));
          newIndices.push(index.getX(i + 1));
          newIndices.push(index.getX(i + 2));
        }
        else {
          newIndices.push(index.getX(i + 2));
          newIndices.push(index.getX(i + 1));
          newIndices.push(index.getX(i));
        }
      }
    }

    if ((newIndices.length / 3) !== numberOfTriangles) {
      console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils.toTrianglesDrawMode(): Unable to generate correct amount of triangles.');
    }

    // build final geometry

    const newGeometry = geometry.clone();
    newGeometry.setIndex(newIndices);
    newGeometry.clearGroups();

    return newGeometry;
  }
  else {
    console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils.toTrianglesDrawMode(): Unknown draw mode:', drawMode);
    return geometry;
  }
}

/**
 * Calculates the morphed attributes of a morphed/skinned BufferGeometry.
 * Helpful for Raytracing or Decals.
 * @param {Mesh | Line | Points} object An instance of Mesh, Line or Points.
 * @return {Object} An Object with original position/normal attributes and morphed ones.
 */
function computeMorphedAttributes(object) {
  if (object.geometry.isBufferGeometry !== true) {
    console.error('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils: Geometry is not of type BufferGeometry.');
    return null;
  }

  const _vA = new Vector3();
  const _vB = new Vector3();
  const _vC = new Vector3();

  const _tempA = new Vector3();
  const _tempB = new Vector3();
  const _tempC = new Vector3();

  const _morphA = new Vector3();
  const _morphB = new Vector3();
  const _morphC = new Vector3();

  function _calculateMorphedAttributeData(
    object,
    attribute,
    morphAttribute,
    morphTargetsRelative,
    a,
    b,
    c,
    modifiedAttributeArray,
  ) {
    _vA.fromBufferAttribute(attribute, a);
    _vB.fromBufferAttribute(attribute, b);
    _vC.fromBufferAttribute(attribute, c);

    const morphInfluences = object.morphTargetInfluences;

    if (morphAttribute && morphInfluences) {
      _morphA.set(0, 0, 0);
      _morphB.set(0, 0, 0);
      _morphC.set(0, 0, 0);

      for (let i = 0, il = morphAttribute.length; i < il; i++) {
        const influence = morphInfluences[i];
        const morph = morphAttribute[i];

        if (influence === 0) continue;

        _tempA.fromBufferAttribute(morph, a);
        _tempB.fromBufferAttribute(morph, b);
        _tempC.fromBufferAttribute(morph, c);

        if (morphTargetsRelative) {
          _morphA.addScaledVector(_tempA, influence);
          _morphB.addScaledVector(_tempB, influence);
          _morphC.addScaledVector(_tempC, influence);
        }
        else {
          _morphA.addScaledVector(_tempA.sub(_vA), influence);
          _morphB.addScaledVector(_tempB.sub(_vB), influence);
          _morphC.addScaledVector(_tempC.sub(_vC), influence);
        }
      }

      _vA.add(_morphA);
      _vB.add(_morphB);
      _vC.add(_morphC);
    }

    if (object.isSkinnedMesh) {
      object.boneTransform(a, _vA);
      object.boneTransform(b, _vB);
      object.boneTransform(c, _vC);
    }

    modifiedAttributeArray[a * 3 + 0] = _vA.x;
    modifiedAttributeArray[a * 3 + 1] = _vA.y;
    modifiedAttributeArray[a * 3 + 2] = _vA.z;
    modifiedAttributeArray[b * 3 + 0] = _vB.x;
    modifiedAttributeArray[b * 3 + 1] = _vB.y;
    modifiedAttributeArray[b * 3 + 2] = _vB.z;
    modifiedAttributeArray[c * 3 + 0] = _vC.x;
    modifiedAttributeArray[c * 3 + 1] = _vC.y;
    modifiedAttributeArray[c * 3 + 2] = _vC.z;
  }

  const geometry = object.geometry;
  const material = object.material;

  let a, b, c;
  const index = geometry.index;
  const positionAttribute = geometry.attributes.position;
  const morphPosition = geometry.morphAttributes.position;
  const morphTargetsRelative = geometry.morphTargetsRelative;
  const normalAttribute = geometry.attributes.normal;
  const morphNormal = geometry.morphAttributes.position;

  const groups = geometry.groups;
  const drawRange = geometry.drawRange;
  let i, j, il, jl;
  let group;
  let start, end;

  const modifiedPosition = new Float32Array(positionAttribute.count * positionAttribute.itemSize);
  const modifiedNormal = new Float32Array(normalAttribute.count * normalAttribute.itemSize);

  if (index !== null) {
    // indexed buffer geometry

    if (Array.isArray(material)) {
      for (i = 0, il = groups.length; i < il; i++) {
        group = groups[i];

        start = Math.max(group.start, drawRange.start);
        end = Math.min((group.start + group.count), (drawRange.start + drawRange.count));

        for (j = start, jl = end; j < jl; j += 3) {
          a = index.getX(j);
          b = index.getX(j + 1);
          c = index.getX(j + 2);

          _calculateMorphedAttributeData(
            object,
            positionAttribute,
            morphPosition,
            morphTargetsRelative,
            a, b, c,
            modifiedPosition,
          );

          _calculateMorphedAttributeData(
            object,
            normalAttribute,
            morphNormal,
            morphTargetsRelative,
            a, b, c,
            modifiedNormal,
          );
        }
      }
    }
    else {
      start = Math.max(0, drawRange.start);
      end = Math.min(index.count, (drawRange.start + drawRange.count));

      for (i = start, il = end; i < il; i += 3) {
        a = index.getX(i);
        b = index.getX(i + 1);
        c = index.getX(i + 2);

        _calculateMorphedAttributeData(
          object,
          positionAttribute,
          morphPosition,
          morphTargetsRelative,
          a, b, c,
          modifiedPosition,
        );

        _calculateMorphedAttributeData(
          object,
          normalAttribute,
          morphNormal,
          morphTargetsRelative,
          a, b, c,
          modifiedNormal,
        );
      }
    }
  }
  else {
    // non-indexed buffer geometry

    if (Array.isArray(material)) {
      for (i = 0, il = groups.length; i < il; i++) {
        group = groups[i];

        start = Math.max(group.start, drawRange.start);
        end = Math.min((group.start + group.count), (drawRange.start + drawRange.count));

        for (j = start, jl = end; j < jl; j += 3) {
          a = j;
          b = j + 1;
          c = j + 2;

          _calculateMorphedAttributeData(
            object,
            positionAttribute,
            morphPosition,
            morphTargetsRelative,
            a, b, c,
            modifiedPosition,
          );

          _calculateMorphedAttributeData(
            object,
            normalAttribute,
            morphNormal,
            morphTargetsRelative,
            a, b, c,
            modifiedNormal,
          );
        }
      }
    }
    else {
      start = Math.max(0, drawRange.start);
      end = Math.min(positionAttribute.count, (drawRange.start + drawRange.count));

      for (i = start, il = end; i < il; i += 3) {
        a = i;
        b = i + 1;
        c = i + 2;

        _calculateMorphedAttributeData(
          object,
          positionAttribute,
          morphPosition,
          morphTargetsRelative,
          a, b, c,
          modifiedPosition,
        );

        _calculateMorphedAttributeData(
          object,
          normalAttribute,
          morphNormal,
          morphTargetsRelative,
          a, b, c,
          modifiedNormal,
        );
      }
    }
  }

  const morphedPositionAttribute = new Float32BufferAttribute(modifiedPosition, 3);
  const morphedNormalAttribute = new Float32BufferAttribute(modifiedNormal, 3);

  return {

    positionAttribute: positionAttribute,
    normalAttribute: normalAttribute,
    morphedPositionAttribute: morphedPositionAttribute,
    morphedNormalAttribute: morphedNormalAttribute,

  };
}

function mergeGroups(geometry) {
  if (geometry.groups.length === 0) {
    console.warn('THREE.BufferGeometryUtils.mergeGroups(): No groups are defined. Nothing to merge.');
    return geometry;
  }

  let groups = geometry.groups;

  // sort groups by material index

  groups = groups.sort((a, b) => {
    if (a.materialIndex !== b.materialIndex) return a.materialIndex - b.materialIndex;

    return a.start - b.start;
  });

  // create index for non-indexed geometries

  if (geometry.getIndex() === null) {
    const positionAttribute = geometry.getAttribute('position');
    const indices = [];

    for (let i = 0; i < positionAttribute.count; i += 3) {
      indices.push(i, i + 1, i + 2);
    }

    geometry.setIndex(indices);
  }

  // sort index

  const index = geometry.getIndex();

  const newIndices = [];

  for (let i = 0; i < groups.length; i++) {
    const group = groups[i];

    const groupStart = group.start;
    const groupLength = groupStart + group.count;

    for (let j = groupStart; j < groupLength; j++) {
      newIndices.push(index.getX(j));
    }
  }

  geometry.dispose(); // Required to force buffer recreation
  geometry.setIndex(newIndices);

  // update groups indices

  let start = 0;

  for (let i = 0; i < groups.length; i++) {
    const group = groups[i];

    group.start = start;
    start += group.count;
  }

  // merge groups

  let currentGroup = groups[0];

  geometry.groups = [currentGroup];

  for (let i = 1; i < groups.length; i++) {
    const group = groups[i];

    if (currentGroup.materialIndex === group.materialIndex) {
      currentGroup.count += group.count;
    }
    else {
      currentGroup = group;
      geometry.groups.push(currentGroup);
    }
  }

  return geometry;
}

// Creates a new, non-indexed geometry with smooth normals everywhere except faces that meet at
// an angle greater than the crease angle.
function toCreasedNormals(geometry, creaseAngle = Math.PI / 3 /* 60 degrees */) {
  const creaseDot = Math.cos(creaseAngle);
  const hashMultiplier = (1 + 1e-10) * 1e2;

  // reusable vertors
  const verts = [new Vector3(), new Vector3(), new Vector3()];
  const tempVec1 = new Vector3();
  const tempVec2 = new Vector3();
  const tempNorm = new Vector3();
  const tempNorm2 = new Vector3();

  // hashes a vector
  function hashVertex(v) {
    const x = ~~(v.x * hashMultiplier);
    const y = ~~(v.y * hashMultiplier);
    const z = ~~(v.z * hashMultiplier);
    return `${x},${y},${z}`;
  }

  const resultGeometry = geometry.toNonIndexed();
  const posAttr = resultGeometry.attributes.position;
  const vertexMap = {};

  // find all the normals shared by commonly located vertices
  for (let i = 0, l = posAttr.count / 3; i < l; i++) {
    const i3 = 3 * i;
    const a = verts[0].fromBufferAttribute(posAttr, i3 + 0);
    const b = verts[1].fromBufferAttribute(posAttr, i3 + 1);
    const c = verts[2].fromBufferAttribute(posAttr, i3 + 2);

    tempVec1.subVectors(c, b);
    tempVec2.subVectors(a, b);

    // add the normal to the map for all vertices
    const normal = new Vector3().crossVectors(tempVec1, tempVec2).normalize();
    for (let n = 0; n < 3; n++) {
      const vert = verts[n];
      const hash = hashVertex(vert);
      if (!(hash in vertexMap)) {
        vertexMap[hash] = [];
      }

      vertexMap[hash].push(normal);
    }
  }

  // average normals from all vertices that share a common location if they are within the
  // provided crease threshold
  const normalArray = new Float32Array(posAttr.count * 3);
  const normAttr = new BufferAttribute(normalArray, 3, false);
  for (let i = 0, l = posAttr.count / 3; i < l; i++) {
    // get the face normal for this vertex
    const i3 = 3 * i;
    const a = verts[0].fromBufferAttribute(posAttr, i3 + 0);
    const b = verts[1].fromBufferAttribute(posAttr, i3 + 1);
    const c = verts[2].fromBufferAttribute(posAttr, i3 + 2);

    tempVec1.subVectors(c, b);
    tempVec2.subVectors(a, b);

    tempNorm.crossVectors(tempVec1, tempVec2).normalize();

    // average all normals that meet the threshold and set the normal value
    for (let n = 0; n < 3; n++) {
      const vert = verts[n];
      const hash = hashVertex(vert);
      const otherNormals = vertexMap[hash];
      tempNorm2.set(0, 0, 0);

      for (let k = 0, lk = otherNormals.length; k < lk; k++) {
        const otherNorm = otherNormals[k];
        if (tempNorm.dot(otherNorm) > creaseDot) {
          tempNorm2.add(otherNorm);
        }
      }

      tempNorm2.normalize();
      normAttr.setXYZ(i3 + n, tempNorm2.x, tempNorm2.y, tempNorm2.z);
    }
  }

  resultGeometry.setAttribute('normal', normAttr);
  return resultGeometry;
}

export {
  computeMikkTSpaceTangents,
  computeMorphedAttributes,
  computeTangents,
  estimateBytesUsed,
  interleaveAttributes,
  mergeBufferAttributes,
  mergeBufferGeometries,
  mergeGroups,
  mergeVertices,
  toCreasedNormals,
  toTrianglesDrawMode };